Light-Responsive and Dual-Targeting Liposomes: From Mechanisms to Targeting Strategies.

In recent years, nanocarriers have played an ever-increasing role in clinical and biomedical applications owing to their unique physicochemical properties and surface functionalities. Lately, much effort has been directed towards the development of smart, stimuli-responsive nanocarriers that are capable of releasing their cargos in response to specific stimuli. These intelligent-responsive nanocarriers can be further surface-functionalized so as to achieve active tumor targeting in a sequential manner, which can be simply modulated by the stimuli.

Atomic-scale identification of nitrogen dopants in graphene on Ir(111) and Ru(0001).

Nitrogen (N) doped graphene materials have been synthesized using the sole precursor adenine on the Ir(111) and Ru(0001) surfaces. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) have been used to characterize the obtained N-doped graphene materials. Several graphitic and pyridinic N dopants have been identified on the atomic scale by combining STM measurements and STM simulations based on density functional theory calculations.

Role of 5-HT2 receptors family in the allergy-induced increased aorta contractile responses to 5-HT.

Asthma poses an increased risk for cardiovascular disorders, suggesting that allergy, which is an underlying process in asthma, causes atypical functioning of organs other than lungs. In a previous study in a guinea pig asthma model, we concluded that allergic sensitization increased aorta contractile responses to 5-HT. To further characterize these responses, here we explored the role of the 5-HT2 receptors family.

Mesenchymal stem cells attenuate the proinflammatory cytokine pattern in a guinea pig model of chronic cigarette smoke exposure.

Aims: Cigarette smoke often induces pulmonary and systemic inflammation. In animal models, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) tend to ameliorate these effects. We aimed to explore the local and systemic expression of cytokines in guinea pigs chronically exposed to cigarette smoke, and their modifications by MSC.

Volar and Dorsal Blood Supply to the Lunate: A Cadaveric Study.

Although various studies have proposed vascular and mechanical factors, the etiology of Kienböck disease is unknown. Kienböck theorized that lunatomalacia resulted from traumatic disruption of blood supply and bony nutrition to the lunate. Extraosseous supply to the lunate, as far as volar or dorsal vessels are concerned, is still controversial.