A comparison of the restraint and seclusion experiences of patients with schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to understand how restrained and secluded patients felt about these interventions, and to compare the perceptions of the two groups.

Methods: Subjects were 25 restrained, and 25 secluded inpatients. A questionnaire was developed to explore patients' feelings and perceptions of the two interventions.

The effect of intensive case management on hospitalization of patients with schizophrenia.

Objective: The study aim was to determine if a community-based psychiatric rehabilitation program with intensive case management was more effective than traditional outpatient services in reducing hospitalization of chronic schizophrenic patients.

Methods: One hundred twelve schizophrenic patients enrolled in the intensive case management program were matched by age, number of previous hospitalizations, and days spent in the hospital with 112 schizophrenic patients who received medication services and minimal case management. The two groups were compared on the amount of services used and the number of hospitalizations and hospital days over a 24-month study period.

Operant control of convective cooling and microwave irradiation by the squirrel monkey.

Adult male squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) were individually chair-restrained in an air-conditioned Styrofoam box in the far field of a horn antenna. Each monkey first received extensive training to regulate the temperature of the air circulating through the box by selecting between 10 and 50 degrees C air source temperatures. Then, to investigate the ability of the animals to utilize microwaves as a source of thermalizing energy, 2450-MHz continuous wave microwaves accompanied by thermoneutral (30 degrees C) air were substituted for the 50 degrees C air.

A comparative study of human sensory thresholds: 2450-MHz microwaves vs far-infrared radiation.

Three male and female adults individually placed the ventral surface of the right and upright forearm against a 15-cm-diameter aperture in a wall of microwave-absorbent material. Ten-second exposures occurred to E-vector-vertically polarized, 2450-MHz-CW microwave (MW) fields. Comparable exposure to infrared (IR) waves was repeated with four of the six observers.