Potential Role of Bone Metabolism Markers in Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Background: The impact of treatments, suppressing the immune system, persistent hyperparathyroidism, and other risk factors on mineral and bone disorder (MBD) after kidney transplantation is well-known. However, there is limited knowledge about their effect on bone metabolism biomarkers. This study aimed to investigate the influence of kidney transplant on these markers, comparing them to patients undergoing hemodialysis and healthy individuals.

Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral Bone Disease Biomarkers in Kidney Transplant Patients.

Background: Kidney transplant patients frequently suffer from Chronic Kidney Disease associated with Mineral Bone Disease (CKD-MBD), a complex condition that affects mainly kidney transplant patients. Post-transplantation bone disease is complex, especially in patients with pre-existing metabolic bone disorders that are further affected by immunosuppressive medications and changes in renal allograft function. Main biochemical abnormalities of mineral metabolism in kidney transplantation (KTx) include hypophosphatemia, hyperparathyroidism (HPTH), insufficiency or deficiency of vitamin D, and hypercalcemia.

Release and fate of nanoparticulate TiO UV filters from sunscreen: Effects of particle coating and formulation type.

Nanoparticulate mineral UV filters, such as titanium dioxide (TiO) nanocomposites, are being increasingly used in sunscreens as an alternative to organic UV filters. However, there is still a lack of understanding regarding their fate and behavior in aquatic environments and potential environmental impacts after being released from a bather's skin during recreational activities. In this work, we assessed the release, fate, and transformation of two commercial nanocomposite TiO UV filters, one hydrophobic and one hydrophilic, in ultrapure water and simulated fresh- and seawater.

Aqueous aging of a silica coated TiO UV filter used in sunscreens: investigations at the molecular scale with dynamic nuclear polarization NMR.

Short-term, aqueous aging of a commercial nanocomposite TiO UV filter with a protective SiO shell was examined in abiotic simulated fresh- and seawater. Under these conditions, the SiO layer was quantitatively removed (∼88-98%) within 96 hours, as determined using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). While these bulk ICP-AES analyses suggested almost identical SiO shell degradation after aging in fresh- and seawater, surface sensitive Si dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR), with signal enhancements of 5-10× compared to standard SSNMR, was able to distinguish differences in the aged nanocomposites at the molecular level.

The impact of photocatalytic paint porosity on indoor NOx and HONO levels.

Photocatalytic materials are a potentially effective remediation technology for indoor air purification. In this paper, we assess the impact of photocatalytic paint porosity on the indoor levels of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and nitrous acid (HONO). We observed that the porosity of photocatalytic paints plays a paramount role in the NO2 removal.