VGLL-fusions define a new class of intraparenchymal CNS schwannoma.

Background: Intracerebral schwannomas are rare tumors resembling their peripheral nerve sheath counterparts but localized in the CNS. They are not classified as a separate tumor type in the 2021 WHO classification. This study aimed to compile and characterize these rare neoplasms morphologically and molecularly.

Osteoblastoma of the spine with discordant magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography imaging features in a child.

Study Design: Case report.

Objective: To describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) findings of spinal osteoblastoma and illustrate how MRI features can be potentially misleading.

Summary Of Background Data: Osteoblastoma is a rare benign tumor of bone that is known to incite a localized inflammatory response.

Pathology of ilioinguinal neuropathy produced by mesh entrapment: case report and literature review.

Ilioinguinal neuropathy is a well-described complication of mesh inguinal herniorrhaphy. We report the first human case, to our knowledge, of ilioinguinal nerve mesh entrapment with neuropathological changes that suggest an inflammatory cause for this chronic pain syndrome.

Lipopolysaccharide preconditioning induces robust protection against brain injury resulting from deep hypothermic circulatory arrest.

Objective: Delayed preconditioning genetically reprograms the response to ischemic injury. Subclinical bacterial lipopolysaccharide acts through preconditioning, powerfully protecting against experimental stroke. We investigated the potential for lipopolysaccharide to protect against brain injury related to cardiopulmonary bypass.

Hypoxemic reperfusion exacerbates the neurological injury sustained during neonatal deep hypothermic circulatory arrest: a model of cyanotic surgical repair.

Objective: Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) is frequently used in infants undergoing the Norwood procedure. These infants are necessarily hypoxemic after separation from CPB. Considerable energy has been spent characterizing the physiological and histological consequences of DHCA, but these have largely focused on a normoxemic period of reperfusion.