Retro-esophageal subclavian artery: a case report.

This case report presents the finding of an aberrant right subclavian artery during the routine dissection of 230 human adults specimens. The case which we describe appeared in an 82-year-old male donor, in whom the right retro-esophageal subclavian artery was observed as the last branch of the aortic arch. The rate of occurrence of this variation is stated to be less than 1%.

Stimulus frequency affects c-fos expression in the rat visual system.

We have characterised the c-fos expression patterns in various centers of the visual pathway of adult rats monocularly stimulated either by continuous or flickering light at different frequencies. Results show different immunocytochemical patterns in all centers studied, the geniculate lateral complex (LGC), superior colliculus (SC) and primary visual cortex (Oc1), depending on the physical characteristics of the stimulus (blinking frequency and light wavelength). After stimulation of the left eye, the ipsilateral pathway presents a substantial density of immunoresponsive cells, which is greater than expected with respect to the number of fibers that project ipsilaterally from the retina to the LGC and the superficial layers of the SC.

[Spontaneous spinal extradural hematomas: report of two cases].

Introduction And Clinical Cases: We present two cases of spontaneous spinal extradural hematoma, which occurred in 1996 and were admitted to and operated on by our Department. Both patients were women. No cause for the bleeding was found in either case.

One further case of unusual origin of three hepatic arteries.

This article describes a triple vascularization of the liver which is not a common vascular anomaly. Dealing with this particular kind of vascularization, we note the following: a main hepatic a. which enters in the right lobe of the liver and two accessory arteries, the right hepatic a.

Retroaortic left renal vein: a report of six cases.

Six cases of retroaortic left renal vein have been studied, two in corpses and four by means of Computed Tomography. Any previous pathology has been rejected. The total number of dissected specimens was 116, whereas the patients with non-pathological retroperitoneum studied by CT numbered 170.