Designing a terahertz optical sensor based on helically twisted photonic crystal fiber for toxic gas sensing.

A novel helically twisted photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is designed and proposed for sensing toxic gases with refractive indices ranging from 1.00 to 1.08.

High-performance surface plasmon resonance fiber sensor based on cylindrical vector modes.

Cylindrical vector modes with azimuthal polarization and low transmission loss are proposed for the first time to be utilized in a novel design of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on a circular photonic crystal fiber (C-PCF). A C-PCF with a ring of air holes in the cladding is designed where a gold layer with a thickness of 44 nm is coated on the outer cladding surface. The optimal geometric parameters are determined using the finite-element method (FEM) for a high-quality TE mode and high sensitivity of the sensor.

Comparison of survival rate and complications of percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass graft, and medical treatment in patients with left main and/or three vessel diseases.

Background: The probable complications of 3 different cardiovascular diseases treatment options including percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), and medical therapy (MT), especially in individuals suffering from left main (LM) and/or three vessel diseases (3VDs), have received less attention. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the complications of the aforementioned therapeutic strategies in patients admitted with LM coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or having 3VDs.

Methods: From March 2018 to March 2019, a total number of 251 eligible individuals (87, 86, and 78 subjects treated with PCI, CABG, and MT, respectively) were recruited in this cohort study.

Assessing measurement error in surveys using latent class analysis: application to self-reported illicit drug use in data from the Iranian Mental Health Survey.

Latent class analysis (LCA) is a method of assessing and correcting measurement error in surveys. The local independence assumption in LCA assumes that indicators are independent from each other condition on the latent variable. Violation of this assumption leads to unreliable results.

Development of subcutaneous abscesses due to Mycobacterium bovis following hepatitis and bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination.

Vaccination to prevent hepatitis B and tuberculosis (TB) forms a part of the national immunization program in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The hepatitis B vaccination was introduced in the Makkah region in January 1991G. Since then, 25 children have developed post vaccination subcutaneous abscesses at the site of vaccination.