[A longitudinal study of pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis in the Voronezh region].

Objective: To study the clinical course, the rate of progression and the results of the disease modifying treatment (DMT) in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) patients in the Voronezh region.

Material And Methods: The clinical characteristics of the course of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) were analyzed among 51 POMS patients and 51 patients with the adult-onset MS (AOMS). The clinical course was assessed based on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, the average annual frequency of exacerbations and the rate of disease progression before and during DMT.

[A case of a pathological variant of the PRRT2 gene in twins with paroxysmal kinesiogenic dyskinesia].

Paroxysmal dyskinesia is a clinically and etiologically polymorphic group of diseases, the main clinical manifestation of which is transient attacks of extrapyramidal movements, with different conditions of occurrence. Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia belongs to the group of primary dyskinesias, which also includes paroxysmal non-kinesigenic dyskinesia and exercise-induced paroxysmal dyskinesia. The most common cause of paroxysmal kinesiogenic dyskinesia is mutations in the PRRT2 gene; in cases of non-kinesiogenic dyskinesia, a mutation in the MR1 gene is detected.

[Expression of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase in the pharyngeal and palatine tonsils in local infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract and pharynx in childhood].

Along with central immune organs, the peripheral lymphoepithelial organs of the pharynx are actively involved in protecting the body from infections. Adaptive, or induced, immunity occurs during the postnatal ontogenesis of immunocompetent lymphocytes, which includes the secondary somatic recombination of the V genes with the participation of recombination-activating gene (RAG) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (Tdt) proteins. This publication discusses the results of detection of Tdt-positive cells in the pharyngeal and palatine tonsils of children of different ages, who had been operated on for adenoid vegetations and chronic tonsillitis.

[Tumor-like amyloidosis of the upper respiratory tract].

The paper describes 11 cases of local tumor-like amyloidosis (LTA) of the upper respiratory tract, among which laryngeal amyloidosis was most common. The clinical diagnosis of suspected local amyloidosis was made in only two cases. The diagnosis of local amyloidosis was established at a morphological examination of a distant neoplasm, by using special Congo red staining followed by polarizing microscopy.

[Solitary ganglioneuroma of the oropharynx].

Mucosal neuromas, or ganglioneuromas, attract attention as a frequent component of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) syndrome type 2B. The paper describes a clinical and morphological case of solitary oropharyngeal ganglioneuroma in a 60-year-old man, whose observation has not revealed its apparent association with the MEN syndrome.