Leishmanial CpG DNA nanovesicles: A propitious prophylactic approach against visceral leishmaniasis.

Unmethylated CpG motifs with phosphothioate backbone trigger TLR9 to elicit innate immune response characterized by the production of Th1 cytokines. The use of CpG DNA as an adjuvant has established its role in potentiating the humoral and cell mediated vaccine specific immune response. However, none of the synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) know and used till date are associated with the parasite itself.

Repolarization of glioblastoma macrophage cells using non-agonistic Dectin-1 ligand encapsulating TLR-9 agonist: plausible role in regenerative medicine against brain tumor.

Aim Of The Study: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most severe forms of brain cancer, eventually becoming the leading cause of brain cancer-related death worldwide. Owing to the bleak surgical interventions and resistance to the different treatment regime, GBM is a parlous disease demanding newer therapeutical perspective for its treatment. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are well-known members of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) and have been extensively explored for their therapeutic and prophylactic potential in an array of disease including cancer.

Jab1-siRNA Induces Cell Growth Inhibition and Cell Cycle Arrest in Gall Bladder Cancer Cells via Targeting Jab1 Signalosome.

Background: The aberrant alteration in Jab1 signalosome (COP9 Signalosome Complex Subunit 5) has been proven to be associated with the progression of several carcinomas. However the specific role and mechanism of action of Jab1 signalosome in carcinogenesis of gall bladder cancer (GBC) are poorly understood.

Objective: The main objective of our study was to elucidate the role and mechanism of Jab1 signalosome in gall bladder cancer by employing siRNA.

Elucidation of the Chemopreventive Role of Stigmasterol Against Jab1 in Gall Bladder Carcinoma.

Background: Plant sterols have proven a potent anti-proliferative and apoptosis inducing agent against several carcinomas including breast and prostate cancers. Jab1 has been reported to be involved in the progression of numerous carcinomas. However, antiproliferative effects of sterols against Jab1 in gall bladder cancer have not been explored yet.

Hesperidin Induces ROS-Mediated Apoptosis along with Cell Cycle Arrest at G2/M Phase in Human Gall Bladder Carcinoma.

A natural predominant flavonoid hesperidin rich in citrus fruits exhibits multifunctional medicinal properties. The anticancerous potential of hesperidin has been widely explored; however, the gall bladder carcinoma (GBC) still remains untouched due to the unavailability of efficient experimental model. The aim of our study was to identify the apoptotic and antiproliferative potential of hesperidin in GBC.

In silico analysis of human Toll-like receptor 7 ligand binding domain.

Toll-like receptors recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns are preface actors for innate immunity. Among them TLR7 is a transmembrane protein playing very crucial role in the signaling pathways involved in innate immunity by recognizing viral ssRNA and specific small molecule agonists. The unavailability of experimental 3D structure of this receptor till date hampers the focused exploration of TLR7 interaction with its ligands.