[Steadfastly increased level of the ciliary neurotrophic factor in the blood serum within the positive therapeutic dynamics of depression as possible prognostic marker of depressive relapse].

Objective: To study a role of the ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) in the pathogenesis of depression and its prognostic significance in dynamics of the antidepressant therapy.

Material And Methods: CNTF level was investigated in the blood serum of patients with melancholic depression (=32) before the start of therapy and after 30 days, when improvement was achieved by at least 75% of baseline scores on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale.

Results: Steadfastly increased level of CNTF in the blood serum of patients with melancholic depression compared with the control, remaining practically unchanged with an obvious improvement in the condition - 732.

Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Mental Disorders: Endogenous Intoxication.

The review describes the syndrome of endogenous intoxication in patients with mental disorders. Oxidative stress, middle-mass endotoxic molecules, impaired functional properties of serum albumin and albumin thiol groups, neurotrophic factors, and enzymes, including monoamine oxidase and semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase contribute to the development of endogenous intoxication. Possible pathogenetic mechanisms of the endogenous intoxication development in mental disorders and approaches to its treatment are discussed.

Monoamine Oxidase as a Potential Biomarker of the Efficacy of Treatment of Mental Disorders.

The review summarizes the results of our own studies and published data on the biological markers of psychiatric disorders, with special emphasis on the activity of platelet monoamine oxidase. Pharmacotherapy studies in patients with the mixed anxiety-depressive disorder and first episode of schizophrenia have shown that the activity of platelet monoamine oxidase could serve as a potential biomarker of the efficacy of therapeutic interventions in these diseases.

A fluorescent reporter detects details of aromatic ligand interference in drug-binding sites of human serum albumin.

Human serum albumin (HSA) transports many ligands including small aromatic molecules: metabolites, drugs etc. Phenylbutazone is an anti-inflammatory drug, which binds to the drug-binding site I of HSA. Its interaction with this site has been studied using a fluorescent dye, CAPIDAN, whose fluorescence in serum originates from HSA and is sensitive to the changes in HSA site I in some diseases.

[Disturbance of serum albumin conformation in patients with melancholic depression].

Objective: Conformational protein changes may be an important component of the disturbance of molecular processes in the development of pathological process in the body. We studied conformations of albumin molecule in the blood of patients with depression using biophysical -nanotechnical approach.

Material And Methods: We examined 19 patients with depression and 25 healthy controls.

[Monoamine-hormonal interactions in the pathogenesis of anxious depression].

Biochemical aspects of the relationship between monoaminergic and hormonal systems in the pathogenesis of anxious depression are analyzed on the basis of literature and own results published earlier. Significant alterations in biogenic monoamine metabolism and changes in the hormonal status, that reflects homeostasis disturbance in whole, are inherent to anxious depression. The biochemical mechanisms of imbalance between serotonergic and noradrenergic systems and a role of cortisol in this process are discussed.

Aspects of metabolic changes in first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenic patients.

Unlabelled: Aim The aim of the study was to investigate the state of parameters characterising different sites of metabolism and the degree of endogenous intoxication in first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenic [first episode of schizophrenia (FES)] patients. It is hypothesised that the FES is the initial step in the development of pathologically disturbed biochemical status that is characteristic of chronic schizophrenia.

Methods: Platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) and serum semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) activities, serum concentrations of middle-mass endotoxic molecules (MMEM) and malondialdehyde and parameters of the serum albumin functional state were measured in 26 FES patients and 15 age-matched healthy controls.

Effects of fatty acids on human serum albumin binding centers.

Albumin is a carrier of nonesterified long-chain fatty acids and many other ligands. The status of its binding centers was studied for various proportions of nonesterified long-chain fatty acids and albumin as exemplified by palmitic acid. The status of the binding center was tested by recording K-35 probe fluorescence decay in the subnanosecond band.

Biomarkers for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A consensus report of the WFSBP task force on biological markers and the World Federation of ADHD.

Objective: Psychiatric "nosology" is largely based on clinical phenomenology using convention-based diagnostic systems not necessarily reflecting neurobiological pathomechanisms. While progress has been made regarding its molecular biology and neuropathology, the phenotypic characterization of ADHD has not improved. Thus, validated biomarkers, more directly linked to the underlying pathology, could constitute an objective measure for the condition.

Change in platelet monoamine oxidase activity in the acutest period of ischemic stroke is associated with the degree of neurological recovery.

We studied monoamine oxidase activity (MAO) in platelets of patients in the acute period of ischemic stroke. Neurological deficit was evaluated by the data of clinical examinations and scales. In 80% patients MAO activity was considerably increased on 3-5 day after stroke.

Study of high-resolution H1 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the serum and its albumin faction in patients with the first schizophrenia episode.

We studied high-resolution (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the serum and serum albumin from patients with the first episode of schizophrenia and healthy individuals. A relative increase in signal intensities of CH(2) protons in serum LDL and VLDL in schizophrenia was demonstrated. Higher intensities of CH(2) and CH(3) protons of non-esterified fatty acids were found in (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of serum albumin.

[Clinical significance of humoral compensatory reactions in the acute period of ischemic stroke].

To determine the clinical significance of humoral nonspecific reactions in the acute period of ischemic hemispheric stroke (IS), some biochemical and biophysical parameters have been studied in 30 patients (mean age 67±10 years). Platelet monoaminooxidase (MAO) activity, levels of middle-sized molecules (MM), malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and parameters of the functional state of serum albumin (the effective concentration and binding reserve of albumin) have been measured. Severity of neurological deficit and functional recovery of patients with IS was assessed with the NIHSS and the Barthel index.

[Role of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase in disturbances of endogenic detoxication in ischemic stroke patients].

Oxidative stress is a pathogenetic factor of ischemic stroke. Enhancement in the activity of one of xenobiotic transformation enzymes and biogenic amines (serum semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO)) leads to the higher production of secondary toxins stimulating oxidative stress. We studied 38 patients (mean age 69,5 +/- 7,2 years) in the early restoration period of ischemic stroke.

[Endogenous intoxication and compensatory reactions in the restoration period of ischemic stroke].

An aim of the study was to assess the severity of the syndrome of nonspecific metabolic endogenous intoxication (EI) and characteristics of compensatory reaction of serum albumin (SA) in patients in the early restoration period (4-5 months) of ischemic stroke (II). We measured levels of middle-sized molecules (MSM) and malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and determined parameters of functional activity of SA in 30 patients (mean age 69 +/- 8 years) after the first II and in 17 age- and sex-matched healthy people. Neurological deficit and functional restoration of patients were assessed with the NIHSS and Barthel index.

Antidepressant action of tianeptine is connected with acceleration of serotonin turnover in the synapse: a hypothesis.

Based on the results of our investigation of patients with anxious depression under the treatment with serotonergic antidepressants with different mechanism of action on serotonin reuptake we, the first time in the literature, propose the hypothesis about neurochemical mechanism of tianeptine action. According to this hypothesis tianeptine not only activates serotonin reuptake into the synaptic ending but also activates its release from the ending into the synaptic cleft thus accelerating serotonin turnover rate in the synapse. Proposed mechanism mainly refers the first, acute phase of its action directed to the normalization of serotonergic neurotransmission.

[Disturbance of monoaminooxidase activity and indices of endogenous intoxication in patients with the first episode of schizophrenia].

An aim of the paper was to study some biochemical parameters of drug-naïve patients with the first episode of schizophrenia. Activities of platelet monoaminooxidase (MAO) and semicarbazide, a sensitive blood serum aminooxidase (BSA), levels of middle-sized molecules (MSM) and malonic dialdehyde (MDA), parameters of functional state of serum albumin were assessed in 16 patients. Severity of symptoms in patients with the first episode of schizophrenia was assessed as moderate (PANSS scores 73.

Schizophrenia: from the brain to peripheral markers. A consensus paper of the WFSBP task force on biological markers.

Objective. The phenotypic complexity, together with the multifarious nature of the so-called "schizophrenic psychoses", limits our ability to form a simple and logical biologically based hypothesis for the disease group. Biological markers are defined as biochemical, physiological or anatomical traits that are specific to particular conditions.

Effect of prenatal lead exposure on superoxide dismutase activity in the brain and liver of rat fetuses.

Prenatal lead exposure had a damaging effect on Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase activity in the brain and liver of rat fetuses (20 days of gestation). The decrease in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase activity in the brain and liver of treated fetuses reflects activation of free radical processes and impairment of the antioxidant defense system during prenatal lead exposure.

Characteristics of albumin molecule binding centers in patients with anxious depression. Study by the fluorescence quenching method.

The state of binding centers in albumin molecule in patients with anxious depression was studied by the method of quenching of fluorescence of molecular probe (dimethyl-aminonaphthaleic acid carboxyphenylimide) with nitrate ions. Serum samples from 24 donors without somatic and mental diseases and 26 patients were analyzed. In the absence of the quenching agent, specific fluorescence of the probe (standardized by albumin concentration) was lower in patients with depression.

[Conformational disturbances of serum albumin binding sites in schizophrenia].

The properties of serum albumin binding sites were studied using quenching of fluorescence of the molecular probe CAPIDAN (N-carboxyphenylimide of dimethylaminonaphthalic acid) with the nitrate anion. The samples of serum were obtained from 24 patients with paranoid schizophrenia and 24 healthy volunteers. In the absence of quencher the specific probe fluorescence was 1,4 times higher in patients than in volunteers.

[Dynamics of biochemical parameters in patients with anxious depression treated with serotonergic antidepressants with different mechanisms of action].

The aim of the study was to compare the dynamics of some biochemical parameters in patients with anxious depression treated with tianeptine (coaxil) - serotonin reuptake enhancer and sertraline (zofort) - selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Forty-three patients with ICD-10 diagnosis of anxious depression (F32.1 and F33.

[Some aspects of metabolic dysregulation in patients with ischemic stroke].

To study the mechanisms of formation of an endogenous intoxication syndrome in patients after ischemic stroke, the activity of platelet monoaminooxidase (MAO) and serum aminooxidase, concentration of middle-size molecules and parameters of functional albumin activity have been determined in 27 patients with illness duration 4-5 months and 16 healthy age- and sex-matched controls. The significant dysregulation of biogenic amine metabolism and total homeostasis was observed in patients compared to controls. There were a significant increase of MAO and concentration of middle-size molecules and a decrease of aminooxidase and functional albumin activity (p < 0.

[Certain mechanisms of development of types of body tolerance to acute hypobaric hypoxia].

The regulatory mechanisms of individual rat resistance to acute hypobaric hypoxia were studied using the functional indices of the central nervous system (neurochemical and behavioral) and the hematopoietic system. The resistance to hypoxia was evaluated by the time of attitudinal reflex maintenance and recovery after decompression to a simulated altitude of 11200 m. Animals with different types of tolerance to hypoxia demonstrated different metabolic backgrounds of neurochemical processes (which were most balanced in moderately resistant rats).

Biochemical profile in patients with anxious depression under the treatment with serotonergic antidepressants with different mechanisms of action.

The pharmacodynamics of serotonergic antidepressants that differentially influence serotonin reuptake transporters is poorly investigated. The aim of this study was to compare the biochemical profiles in patients with anxious depression under the treatment with tianeptine, a serotonin reuptake enhancer, and sertraline, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) and serum amine oxidase (AO) activities, concentration of middle-mass endotoxic molecules (MMEM) and parameters that characterize the functional properties of serum albumin were investigated in 43 patients with anxious depression (ICD-10: F 32.