Cation Effect on the Electrochemical Platinum Dissolution.

Ensuring the stability of electrocatalysts is paramount to the success of electrochemical energy conversion devices. Degradation is a fundamental process involving the release of positively charged metal ions into the electric double layer (EDL) and their subsequent diffusion into the bulk electrolyte. However, despite its vital importance in achieving prolonged electrocatalysis, the underlying causality of catalyst dissolution with the EDL structure remains largely unknown.

Histopathologic confirmation of subchondral fracture in symptomatic pre-collapse osteonecrosis of the femoral head with bone marrow edema on magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: The presence of bone marrow edema on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in pre-collapse osteonecrosis of the femoral head is suggested to be a sign of occult subchondral fracture; however, to our knowledge, there are no histopathological studies verifying this. This study aimed to histopathologically verify the presence of subchondral fracture at the lateral necrotic boundary in symptomatic pre-collapse osteonecrosis of the femoral head with bone marrow edema on MRI.

Materials And Methods: Of 149 consecutive necrotic femoral heads resected during total hip arthroplasty at our hospital from January 2019 to June 2024, we included 13 femoral heads that did not show apparent collapse on preoperative radiographs and exhibited bone marrow edema on MRI.

Giant gallbladder cyst with acute cholecystitis: a case report.

Background: Gallbladder cysts are rare diseases with very few reported cases, and no clinical or histological definition has been established. Furthermore, cases of giant cysts outside the gallbladder wall are extremely rare. We report a rare case of giant gallbladder cyst with acute cholecystitis.

Outcome of hepatectomy after systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: a Japanese multicenter study.

Background And Purpose: In recent years, new systemic therapies have been developed for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognosis of patients with unresectable HCC treated with R0 hepatectomy after systemic therapy.

Methods: Data from 27 patients who underwent hepatectomy for HCC after systemic therapy at six facilities were analyzed retrospectively.

Molecular-Resolution Imaging of Ionic Liquid/Alkali Halide Interfaces with Varied Surface Charge Densities via Atomic Force Microscopy.

When in contact with charged solid surfaces, ionic liquids (ILs) are known to form solvation structures consisting of alternating cation and anion layers. This phenomenon is considered to originate from the adsorption layer of counterions overcompensating the surface charge, so-called overscreening. However, the response of these layers to surfaces with near-zero or extremely high surface charge density (σ) remains inadequately understood.

A case of invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma presenting with massive bronchorrhea.

An 80-year-old non-smoking woman was admitted to hospital due to persistent sputum production and dyspnea. She developed respiratory failure, and chest imaging revealed multifocal consolidation and cavities. Her respiratory status did not respond to antimicrobial treatment and progressively worsened, with massive sputum production of approximately 1 L per day, and she died 19 days after admission.

Platythorax increases residual volume/total lung capacity in idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis.

https://bit.ly/3uZ0rmP.

C-reactive Protein-to-Albumin Ratio: A Useful Predictor for Biliary Fistula After Hepatectomy.

Introduction Postoperative bile leakage (POBL) has emerged as a complication following hepatectomy. POBL is associated with an elevated risk of liver failure and surgical death. This study aimed to examine risk factors for POBL in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.

Life Course Epidemiology of Hip Osteoarthritis in Japan: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The incidence of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in Japanese newborns has reduced drastically following a primary prevention campaign initiated around 1972 to 1973; this perinatal education campaign promoted maintaining the hips of newborns in the naturally flexed-leg position. The purpose of the present study was to describe the life course epidemiology of hip osteoarthritis (OA) in adolescent and adult patients and to assess its association with exposure to the primary prevention campaign for DDH.

Methods: We included new patients with hip OA diagnosed from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022, at 12 core hospitals (8 special-function hospitals and 4 regional medical care support hospitals).

An 88-Year-Old Woman With Pneumothorax and Black Pleural Effusion.

An 88-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with the sudden onset of dyspnea after eating. The patient had undergone nephrectomy for a left renal tumor 24 years previously. The patient had been prescribed ferrous citrate for iron-deficiency anemia.

Joint-preserving effect and patient-reported outcomes of transtrochanteric curved varus osteotomy for osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Background: This study assessed the hip survival rate and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) of transtrochanteric curved varus osteotomy (CVO) for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) compared with those of conservative management.

Methods: The CVO group comprised 32 consecutive patients (39 hips) who underwent CVO for ONFH between 2000 and 2011. The conservative group consisted of 36 consecutive patients (37 hips) who were managed conservatively for at least 1 year after collapse and who had ONFH classified by the Japanese Investigation Committee of Health and Welfare as type B or C1, for which CVO is indicated.

Superficial small cerebellar infarcts in cerebral amyloid angiopathy on 3 T MRI: A preliminary study.

Background: Strictly superficial cerebellar microbleeds and cerebellar superficial siderosis have been considered markers of advanced cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), but there are few studies on cerebellar ischemic lesions in CAA. We investigated the presence of superficial small cerebellar infarct (SCI) ≤15 mm and its relation to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers in patients with probable CAA.

Methods: Eighty patients with probable CAA were retrospectively evaluated.

Risk factors for placenta accreta spectrum in pregnancies conceived after frozen-thawed embryo transfer in a hormone replacement cycle.

Objective: Assisted reproductive technology (ART), especially frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) in a hormone replacement cycle (HRC), is a risk factor for placenta accreta spectrum (PAS). This study aimed to clarify the risk factors for PAS related to the maternal background and ART techniques in pregnancies achieved after FET in an HRC.

Study Design: We performed a case-control study in two tertiary perinatal centres in Japan.

Ectopic pancreatic adenocarcinoma in Meckel's diverticulum: a case report.

Background: Malignant neoplasms arising from Meckel's diverticulum are rare and an adenocarcinoma in Meckel's diverticulum originating from ectopic pancreatic tissue is even rarer. Herein, we report a patient with an ectopic pancreatic adenocarcinoma in Meckel's diverticulum who was successfully treated with surgery and chemotherapy.

Case Presentation: A woman in her sixties presented to another hospital with abdominal pain.

Relief of Airflow Limitation and Airway Inflammation by Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in a Patient with Severe Asthma with Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis.

Although endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is beneficial in improving asthma symptoms, its impact on the lung function in patients with asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis remains unclear. We herein report a case of severe asthma with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis, in which ESS substantially improved airflow limitation and concomitantly reduced fractional exhaled nitric oxide and blood eosinophil counts. ESS likely relieved airflow limitation by suppressing type 2 inflammatory pathways.

Radiological factors associated with posterior dislocation after total hip arthroplasty for osteonecrosis of the femoral head - A retrospective study.

Purpose: The dislocation rate after total hip arthroplasty for osteonecrosis of the femoral head is higher than that after total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis. However, few reports have investigated the factors contributing to dislocation after total hip arthroplasty for osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The aim of this study was to assess radiological factors associated with posterior dislocation after total hip arthroplasty for osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Effects of bone mineral density at the lateral sclerotic boundary on the femoral head collapse onset in osteonecrosis of the femoral head: A preliminary study.

Background: In the natural course of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, sclerotic changes at the boundary of necrotic lesion gradually occur until femoral head collapse. This study aims to examine the effects of bone mineral density at the lateral boundary of necrotic lesion on a subsequent femoral head collapse.

Methods: We developed patient-specific finite element models of 9 hips with subsequent collapse and 10 hips without subsequent collapse.

Zinc deficiency impairs axonal regeneration and functional recovery after spinal cord injury by modulating macrophage polarization via NF-κB pathway.

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease that results in permanent paralysis. Currently, there is no effective treatment for SCI, and it is important to identify factors that can provide therapeutic intervention during the course of the disease. Zinc, an essential trace element, has attracted attention as a regulator of inflammatory responses.

Interaction between the substrate and probe in liquid metal Ga: experimental and theoretical analysis.

Interaction between two bodies in a liquid metal is an important topic for development of metallic products with high performance. We conducted atomic force microscopy measurements and achieved the interaction between the substrate and the probe in liquid Ga of an opaque and highly viscous liquid. The interaction cannot be accessed with the normal atomic force microscopy, electron microscopy, and beam reflectometry.

Effect of duration of adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 (6 versus 12 months) for resected pancreatic cancer: the multicenter clinical randomized phase II postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy S-1 (PACS-1) trial.

Background: Six-month adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 is standard care for resected pancreatic cancer in Japan; however, the optimal duration has not been established. We aimed to evaluate the impact of duration of adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1.

Methods: We performed a multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase II study.