Efficacy of two novel antifungal lipopeptides, AF and AF of bacillomycin D family in murine models of invasive candidiasis, cryptococcosis, and aspergillosis.

Invasive fungal diseases are an important public health concern due to an increase in the at-risk population and high mortality associated with these infections. Managing invasive fungal infections poses a significant challenge given the limited antifungal options and the emergence of resistance in key fungal pathogens. Through a comprehensive approach, we evaluated the in vitro antifungal activity and the in vivo efficacy of two novel lipopeptides, AF and AF in murine models of disseminated candidiasis, cryptococcosis, and aspergillosis.

Generation of patterns and higher harmonics in 1D quantum droplets in tilted and driven quasi-periodic confinements.

The generation of patterns by breaking the spatial symmetry in external confinement is a captivating area of physics. The emergence of patterns is a fundamental inquiry spanning various disciplines such as nonlinear optics, condensed matter physics, and fluid dynamics. The article investigates the generation of a variety of patterns in a one-dimensional binary mixture of Bose-Einstein condensate forming quantum droplets.

Space-time clusters and co-occurrence of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum malaria in West Bengal, India.

Background: Malaria, a prominent vector borne disease causing over a million annual cases worldwide, predominantly affects vulnerable populations in the least developed regions. Despite their preventable and treatable nature, malaria remains a global public health concern. In the last decade, India has faced a significant decline in malaria morbidity and mortality.

Two promising natural lipopeptides from effectively induced membrane permeabilization in .

is an important opportunistic human pathogen well known to develop resistance to antifungal drugs. Due to their numerous desirable qualities, antimicrobial lipopeptides have gained significant attention as promising candidates for antifungal drugs. In the present study, two bioactive lipopeptides (AF and AF m/z 1071.

Two promising -derived antifungal lipopeptide leads AF and AF and their combined effect with fluconazole on the biofilms.

species are endowed with the ability to produce biofilms, which is one of the causes of pathogenicity, as biofilms protect yeasts from antifungal drugs. () is one of the most prevalent pathogenic yeasts in humans and a biofilm producer. The study was aimed at evaluating the combined effects of two highly promising antifungal biomolecules (AF and AF) lipopeptide in nature, chromatographically purified to homogeneity from () and the standard antifungal fluconazole (at different concentrations) to demonstrate biofilm formation inhibition.

Quantum scissor from exact generalized photon number statistics.

We report the close form expressions of the photon number statistics for a generalized coherent state and a generalized photon-added coherent state, which are shown to be crucial for proposing a variety of quantum scissor operations. The analytically obtained distributions are also capable of predicting the precise laser intensity windows for realizing a variety of quantum scissors. Truncating a photon added state overcomes the selection rule of obtaining the lower order Fock states.

Microbial lipopeptides: their pharmaceutical and biotechnological potential, applications, and way forward.

As lead molecules, cyclic lipopeptides with antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties have garnered a lot of attention in recent years. Because of their potential, cyclic lipopeptides have earned recognition as a significant class of antimicrobial compounds with applications in pharmacology and biotechnology. These lipopeptides, often with biosurfactant properties, are amphiphilic, consisting of a hydrophilic moiety, like a carboxyl group, peptide backbone, or carbohydrates, and a hydrophobic moiety, mostly a fatty acid.

A promising antifungal lipopeptide from Bacillus subtilis: its characterization and insight into the mode of action.

Emerging resistance of fungal pathogens and challenges faced in drug development have prompted renewed investigations into novel antifungal lipopeptides. The antifungal lipopeptide AF reported here is a natural lipopeptide isolated and purified from Bacillus subtilis. The AF lipopeptide's secondary structure, functional groups, and the presence of amino acid residues typical of lipopeptides were determined by circular dichroism, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

The elucidation of the multimodal action of the investigational anti- lipopeptide (AF) lead from .

species are the main etiological agents for candidiasis, and are the most common infectious species. species' growing resistance to conventional therapies necessitates more research into novel antifungal agents. Antifungal peptides isolated from microorganisms have potential applications as novel therapeutics.

Generation of higher harmonics in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates trapped in periodically modulated potentials.

We consider a quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate with contact and long-range dipolar interactions, under the action of the time-periodic modulation applied to the harmonic-oscillator and optical-lattice trapping potentials. The modulation results in generation of a variety of harmonics in oscillations of the condensate's width and centre-of-mass coordinate. These include multiple and combinational harmonics, represented by sharp peaks in the system's spectra.

Spatial accessibility modeling to healthcare facilities in the case of health shocks of Midnapore municipality, India.

This research aims to identify the accessibility of the entire population, especially the slum population to existing healthcare facilities (HCF) as well as the slum neighborhoods having low geographic accessibility, and finally, to provide an analytical model for the people living in areas that are outside the coverage range of existing healthcare facilities (HCF) across the study area. Spatial data has been collected and used based on the road network, elevation, location of HCF, municipal boundary, slum point, and satellite images from various sources. Also, non-spatial data such as socioeconomic variables are collected from questionnaires survey within a particular period.

Functional Characterization of a -Derived Novel Broad-Spectrum Antifungal Lipopeptide Variant against Candida tropicalis and Candida auris and Unravelling Its Mode of Action.

Limited treatment options, recalcitrance, and resistance to existing therapeutics encourage the discovery of novel antifungal leads for alternative therapeutics. Antifungal lipopeptides have emerged as potential candidates for developing new and alternative antifungal therapies. In our previous studies, we isolated and identified the lipopeptide variant AF and purified it to homogeneity via chromatography from the cell-free supernatant of Bacillus subtilis.

Review on crystal structures and magnetic properties ofmaterials.

The structural and compositional diversity of thefamily of materials offers various magnetic and thermodynamic properties such as complex magnetic structure, vibronic bound states, heavy-fermions, valence fluctuations, metamagnetism, spin glass behavior, quantum criticality, and unconventional superconductivity. Here we present an overview of the crystal structures, crystal growth and magnetic properties ofcompounds as well as a discussion of the relevant physics. The magnetic properties of several compounds of thefamily still remain unexplored.

Low-Temperature Annealing of CdZnTeSe under Bias.

We performed a gradual low-temperature annealing up to 360 K on a CdZnTeSe radiation detector equipped with gold and indium electrodes under bias at both polarities. We observed significant changes in the detector's resistance and space-charge accumulation. This could potentially lead to the control and improvement of the electronic properties of the detector because the changes are accompanied with the reduction in the bulk dark current and surface leakage current.

BCIG-SMAC medium and PMA-qPCR for differential detection of viable in potable water.

Background And Objectives: Public health protection requires timely evaluation of pathogens in potable water to minimize outbreaks caused by microbial contaminations. The present study was aimed at assessing the microbiological quality of water obtained from Shantinagar (a rural area in the South Goa region of Goa, India) using 5-Bromo-4-Chloro-3-Indoxyl β-D-glucuronide-Sorbitol MacConkey agar (BCIG-SMAC) medium and, propidium monoazide-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PMA-qPCR) assay for differential detection and quantification of viable cells in water samples.

Materials And Methods: Membrane filtration method was used for both BCIG-SMAC medium and PMA-qPCR methods.

Spatial analysis and modelling for primary healthcare site selection in Midnapore town, West Bengal.

Unlabelled: Unprecedented and chaotic growth of cities results in reducing open spaces and water bodies, worsening infrastructure facilities and changes in ecological morphology. This unregulated growth of the urban population led to uneven distribution of urban amenities, facilities and healthcare services. Considering this, the study aimed to draw attention to the existing spatial pattern of healthcare facility centres as well as to find out the possible sites for the provision of healthcare facility centres in the municipal ward (micro-scale) of Midnapore town.

Impact of selenium addition to the cadmium-zinc-telluride matrix for producing high energy resolution X-and gamma-ray detectors.

Both material quality and detector performance have been steadily improving over the past few years for the leading room temperature radiation detector material cadmium-zinc-telluride (CdZnTe). However, although tremendous progress being made, CdZnTe still suffers from high concentrations of performance-limiting defects, such as Te inclusions, networks of sub-grain boundaries and compositional inhomogeneity due to the higher segregation coefficient of Zn. Adding as low as 2% (atomic) Se into CdZnTe matrix was found to successfully mitigate many performance-limiting defects and provide improved compositional homogeneity.

Spectral Dependence of the Photoplastic Effect in CdZnTe and CdZnTeSe.

We studied the spectral dependence of the Vickers microhardness HV0.025 of CdZnTe and CdZnTeSe samples upon illumination and found out that it increases over the entire applied spectral range of 1540-750 nm. We also found out that the photoconductivity and microhardness are correlated.

Ultrastructural changes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) induced by a novel cyclic peptide ASP-1 from Bacillus subtilis: A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study.

Increasing antimicrobial resistance among Staphylococcus aureus necessitates a new antimicrobial with a different site of action. We have isolated a novel cyclic peptide-1 (ASP-1) from Bacillussubtilis with potent activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 8-64μg/ml.

Mapping of inhomogeneous quasi-3D electrostatic field in electro-optic materials.

This paper describes a new method for direct measurement and evaluation of the inhomogeneous electrostatic vector field with translational symmetry in electro-optic materials exhibiting the Pockels effect. It is based on the evaluation of maximum transmittance of low intensity light passing through a sample under a voltage bias. Here, the sample is located between rotating crossed polarizers, and camera images are obtained at each point to determine the electric field.

Enriching Analytics Models with Domain Knowledge for Smart Manufacturing Data Analysis.

Today, data analytics plays an important role in Smart Manufacturing decision making. Domain knowledge is very important to support the development of analytics models. However, in today's data analytics projects, domain knowledge is only documented, but not properly captured and integrated with analytics models.

Exact Analytical Model for Bose-Einstein Condensate at Negative Temperature.

We present an exact analytical model of a cigar-shaped Bose-Einstein condensate at negative temperature. This work is motivated by the first experimental discovery of negative temperature in Bose-Einstein condensate by Braun et al. We have considered an external confinement which is a combination of expulsive trap, bi-chromatic optical lattice trap, and linear trap.

Role of Molecular Interactions and Oligomerization in Chaperone Activity of Recombinant Acr from .

Background: The chaperone activity of Acr is an important function that helps to prevent misfolding of protein substrates inside the host, especially in conditions of hypoxia.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish the correlation of structure and function of recombinant Acr proteins both before and after gel filtration chromatography. The aim was also to find the oligomeric conformation of these samples and use this information to explain differences in activit.

A capacitive DNA sensor for sensitive detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in potable water based on the z3276 genetic marker: fabrication and analytical performance.

We report a label-free biosensor for the detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 ATCC 43895 in potable water using a newly designed DNA sensing probe targeting the z3276 genetic marker. The surface of indium tin oxide (ITO) was functionalized with the novel sensing probe by covalent coupling using APTES as a crosslinker to fabricate the DNA sensor (dubbed ZEC [z[combining low line]3276 gene of E[combining low line]. c[combining low line]oli O157:H7 ATCC 43895]).

Improved Production of Two Anti- Lipopeptide Homologues Co- Produced by the Wild-Type RLID 12.1 under Optimized Conditions.

Background: Antifungal cyclic lipopeptides, bioactive metabolites produced by many species of the genus Bacillus, are promising alternatives to synthetic fungicides and antibiotics for the biocontrol of human pathogenic fungi. In a previous study, the co- production of five antifungal lipopeptides homologues (designated as AF1, AF2, AF3, AF4 and AF5) by the producer strain Bacillus subtilis RLID 12.1 using unoptimized medium was reported; though the two homologues AF3 and AF5 differed by 14 Da and in fatty acid chain length were found effective in antifungal action, the production/ yield rate of these two lipopeptides determined by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography was less in the unoptimized media.