Mesenchymal stem cells derived-exosomes enhanced amniotic membrane extract promotes corneal keratocyte proliferation.

Amniotic membrane extract (AME) and Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells derived-exosomes (WJ-MSC-Exos) are promising therapeutic solutions explored for their potential in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, particularly in skin and corneal wound healing applications. AME is an extract form of human amniotic membrane and known to contain a plethora of cytokines and growth factors, making it a highly attractive option for topical applications. Similarly, WJ-MSC-Exos have garnered significant interest for their wound healing properties.

Clinical Applications of Combined Immunotherapy Approaches in Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Case-Based Review.

Malignant neoplasms arising from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are among the most common types of cancer with high mortality rates. Despite advances in treatment in a small subgroup harboring targetable mutations, the outcome remains poor, accounting for one in three cancer-related deaths observed globally. As a promising therapeutic option in various tumor types, immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors has also been evaluated in GI cancer, albeit with limited efficacy except for a small subgroup expressing microsatellite instability.

Effectiveness of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for COVID-19 Patients in the Intensive Care Unit: A Case-Control Study.

Objective: Many methods are used in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which causes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and there are conflicting reports in the literature regarding the results of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy, which is one of those methods. The aim of our study is to evaluate the effect of MSC treatment applied together with standard treatments on survival.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective case-control study evaluates the survival effect of MSC treatment administered to patients treated in intensive care after the development of ARDS due to COVID-19 between March 2020 and March 2021.

Mesenchymal stem cells have ameliorative effect on the colitis model via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

Purpose: To evaluate the ameliorative effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on acetic acid colitis model via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in rats.

Methods: In this study, 30 rats were divided into three groups. Acute colitis was induced by rectal administration of 4% solution of acetic acid.

The effects of IGF-1 and erythropoietin on apoptosis and telomerase activity in necrotizing enterocolitis model.

Background: Apoptosis that occurs after hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) has an important role in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Telomerase activity, showing the regeneration capacity, may also be important in the recovery process. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and erythropoietin (EPO) on apoptosis and telomerase activity in an H/R model.

Multi-parametric evaluation of autologous cultivated Limbal epithelial cell transplantation outcomes of Limbal stem cell deficiency due to chemical burn.

Background: The sparsity of established tools for the grading of limbal stem cell deficiency hinder objective assessments of the clinical outcome of cultivated limbal epithelial cell transplantation. To advance towards the development of standards for the comparison of the outcomes of these bio-surgical protocols we have now applied a battery of recognized objective and patient-declared subjective outcome criteria to the autologous modality of cultivated limbal epithelial cell transplantation.

Methods: The prospective study involved ten patients (M/F = 9/1; mean age = 42.

Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency and Treatment with Stem Cell Transplantation.

The cornea is the outermost tissue of the eye and it must be transparent for the maintenance of good visual function. The superficial epithelium of the cornea, which is renewed continuously by corneal stem cells, plays a critical role in the permanence of this transparency. These stem cells are localized at the cornea-conjunctival transition zone, referred to as the limbus.

Neuroprotective Effects of Eexenatide in a Rotenone-Induced Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Backround: Several studies suggest an association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus; these 2 diseases are both known to affect the common molecular pathways. As a synthetic agonist for the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor, exenatide has been evaluated as a neuroprotective agent in multiple animal models. Rotenone models of PD have great potential for the investigation of PD pathology and motor and nonmotor symptoms, as well as the role of gene-environment interactions in PD causation and pathogenesis.

Beneficial effects of agomelatine in experimental model of sepsis-related acute kidney injury.

Background: Sepsis-related acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication of sepsis. Problems persist regarding early diagnosis and treatment of AKI. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of agomelatine, which is primarily known for its positive effects on depressive and anxiety disorders in sepsis-related AKI.

The effects of different intraabdominal pressure protocols in laparoscopic procedures on oxidative stress markers and morphology in rat ovaries.

Background: To determine the effects of different intraabdominal pressure (IAP) on the ovaries in a laparoscopic rat model.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the effects on the ovaries of different intraabdominal pressures (IAP) in laparoscopic surgery in a rat model.

Material And Methods: Thirty-two post-pubertal nonpregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into four groups.

The neuroprotective effect of erythropoietin on experimental Parkinson model in rats.

Dopaminergic neuronal loss in Parkinson's disease (PD) results from oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and excitotoxicity. Because erythropoietin (EPO) has been shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in many previous studies, present study was designed to evaluate the effect of EPO on rotenone-induced dopaminergic neuronal loss. The rats in which PD was induced by stereotaxical infusion of rotenone showed increased MDA and TNF-alpha levels and decreased HVA levels.

Regression of experimental endometriotic implants in a rat model with the angiotensin II receptor blocker losartan.

Aim: Endometriosis is a common disease in women of reproductive age, and many different treatments have been developed, although none has provided a cure. In this study, the efficacy of losartan, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker and an antiangiogenic and anti-inflammatory agent, on regression of experimental endometriotic implants in a rat model was investigated.

Methods: Peritoneal endometriosis was surgically induced in 16 mature female Sprague-Dawley rats.

Experimental comparison of protective characteristics of enalapril and trimetazidine in diabetic nephropathy.

Abstract Hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and inflammation have been proposed to account for the development of nephropathy in diabetic subjects. The beneficial effects of enalapril on diabetic nephropathy are known. However, the effects of trimetazidine (TMZ) are still unknown.

Impact of aortic cross-clamping time on peripheral nerves: experimental model.

Purpose: The present study investigated the correlation between extend aortic cross-clamping time and peripheral nerve injury on rats.

Methods: 24 male, Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups; (a) control group: abdomen was directly closed after reached aorta, and followed by 72 hours, (b) short-term ischaemia-reperfusion group: peripheral nerve ischemia was induced in rats by supraceliac aortic occlusion for 20 min followed by 72 h of reperfusion, (c) long-term ischaemia-reperfusion group: peripheral nerve ischemia was induced for 30 min followed by 72 h of reperfusion. Preoperative and postoperative, electromyography (EMG) recordings were done.

The effect of melatonin on a dorsal skin flap model.

Background: Melatonin (Mel) has a very potent antioxidant activity, depending mainly on its capacity to act as an electron donor. Recently, the antioxidant property of Mel has been much emphasized. In this study, the dorsal skin flap model was used to investigate the effect of Mel in flap viability in rats.

Investigation of maternal melatonin effect on the hippocampal formation of newborn rat model of intrauterine cortical dysplasia.

Objectives: Cortical dysplasia is a cortical malformation resulting from any developmental defects during different periods of development. This study aims to investigate the hippocampal histopathological alterations in the neonates with cortical dysplasia due to the prenatal exposure to carmustine (1,3-bis (2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea; BCNU) and the possible effects of prophylaxis with melatonin, a neuroprotective agent.

Methods: Wistar albino female rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups; control, melatonin-treated, BCNU-exposed and BCNU-exposed+melatonin-treated.

Effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid formulation on medulla spinalis of Poecilia reticulata: a histopathological study.

This study investigated the possible effects of a commonly used foliar herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) formulation on medulla spinalis of lebistes. Fish were exposed to 2,4-D (15, 30, 45 mg L(-1)), behavioral changes were monitored. Fish were fixed, histopathological examination was carried out on sections taken from the upper parts of the fish body.

Immunohistochemical and histopathological evaluation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid-induced changes in rat kidney cortex.

This study aims to investigate the effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on rat kidney cortex histology. Oral exposure of rats to 2,4-D for 28 days resulted in decreases in body weight gain and kidney weight. Histological examination showed degeneration in renal corpuscles and podocytes; vacuolization in the glomerulus with disintegration of the basal membrane; tissue edema; vacuolization, cystic dilation and invagination of the basal laminae in the tubular structures; dilation and congestion in renal corpuscular vessels and marked decrease in glomerular and stromal fibronectin reaction; suggesting that subacute 2,4-D administration induces dose-dependent histopathological degenerative effects in rat kidney cortex.

Reabsorption of ascites and the factors that affect this process in cirrhosis.

Ascites is one of the main features of liver decompensation in cirrhosis, and it is considered to be a dynamic process. In this study, we aimed to (1) measure the reabsorption rate of ascites; (2) evaluate whether these findings were related to features of ascites, hemodynamics, and serum measurements; and (3) examine morphologic changes in the diaphragm of cirrhotic patients. In all, 42 cirrhotic patients with ascites were enrolled in the study to comprise our study group.

Toxic effects of anatoxin-a on testes and sperm counts of male mice.

Anatoxin-a, a potent neurotoxin, is one of a number of toxins produced by cyanobacteria especially some strains of Anabaena. Toxic cyanobacteria are found worldwide in inland and coastal water environments. The present study was performed to evaluate the toxicity of anatoxin-a on testes and sperm counts of male mice.

Neuroprotective effects of melatonin upon the offspring cerebellar cortex in the rat model of BCNU-induced cortical dysplasia.

Cortical dysplasia is a malformation characterized by defects in proliferation, migration and maturation. This study was designed to evaluate the alterations in offspring rat cerebellum induced by maternal exposure to carmustine-[1,3-bis (2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosoure] (BCNU) and to investigate the effects of exogenous melatonin upon cerebellar BCNU-induced cortical dysplasia, using histological and biochemical analyses. Pregnant Wistar rats were assigned to five groups: intact-control, saline-control, melatonin-treated, BCNU-exposed and BCNU-exposed plus melatonin.

Light, electron microscopic and immunohistochemical study of the effect of low-dose aspirin during the proestrus phase on rat endometrium in the preimplantation period.

Objective: To evaluate structural alterations in rat endometrium at preimplantation following treatment with aspirin beginning from proestrus by light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunohistochemical techniques.

Study Design: Twenty rats were divided into control (n = 10) and experimental (n = 10) groups. Experimental rats were treated with low-dose aspirin daily (2 mg/kg/day) during estrus, beginning from the proestrus phase, mated at end of cycle and treated with aspirin.

Efficacy of melatonin on offspring liver maturation in pinealectomized pregnant rats subjected to experimental epilepsy.

Background And Aims: In clinical practice, maternal epilepsy is a disabling disease for newborn infants, but current data concerning the effect of epileptic phenomena in pregnant mothers on newborns are still limited. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of pinealectomy (Px) and melatonin treatments on the morphological changes in the liver tissue of newborn rats following experimental epilepsy during pregnancy.

Methods: Female Swiss Albino rats were divided into five groups: intact control group; saline control group; epilepsy group; epilepsy plus Px group; and melatonin-treated epilepsy plus Px group.

Pinealectomy stimulates and exogenous melatonin inhibits harmful effects of epileptiform activity during pregnancy in the hippocampus of newborn rats: an immunohistochemical study.

Objectives: Epilepsy during the pregnancy is an important problem in clinical practice for newborn individuals. Recently, it has been demonstrated that mothers' epileptic seizures have some harmful effects on newborns, but present data concerning the effects of epileptic phenomena in pregnant mothers on newborn pups are still limited. The current study was undertaken to investigate the morphological changes in the hippocampus of newborn pups of pinealectomized rats subjected to experimental epilepsy during pregnancy.