Molecular insights on intracellular Wnt/β-catenin signaling in alcoholic liver disease.

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one of the most common health problems worldwide, especially in developing countries caused by chronic consumption of alcohol on a daily basis. The ALD spectrum is initiated with the early stages of alcoholic fatty liver (steatosis), progressing to alcoholic steatohepatitis, followed by the later stages of fibrosis and in some cases, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The Wnt/β-catenin signaling required for healthy liver development, function, and regeneration is found to be aberrated in ALD, attributed to its progression.

Coleus vettiveroides ethanolic root extract protects against thioacetamide-induced acute liver injury in rats.

Acute liver injury is caused by various factors, including oxidative stress and inflammation. Coleus vettiveroides, an ayurvedic medicinal plant, is known to possess antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidiabetic properties. In this current study, we investigated the protective effect of C.

Valproic acid induced liver injury: An insight into molecular toxicological mechanism.

Valproic acid (VPA) is an anti-seizure drug that causes idiosyncratic liver injury. 2-propyl-4-pentenoic acid (ΔVPA), a metabolite of VPA, has been implicated in VPA-induced hepatotoxicity. This review summarizes the pathogenesis involved in VPA-induced liver injury.

Inhalable particles containing isoniazid and rifabutin as adjunct therapy for safe, efficacious and relapse-free cure of experimental animal tuberculosis in one month.

We investigated the preclinical efficacy and safety/tolerability of biodegradable polymeric particles containing isoniazid (INH) and rifabutin (RFB) dry powder for inhalation (DPI) as an adjunct to oral first-line therapy. Mice and guinea pigs infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (Mtb) were treated with ∼80 and ∼300 μg of the DPI, respectively, for 3-4 weeks starting 3, 10, and 30 days post-infection. Adjunct combination therapy eliminated culturable Mtb from the lungs and spleens of all but one of 52 animals that received the DPI.

Statistical medium optimization of an alkaline protease from Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 10501, its characterization and application in leather processing.

Proteases are shown to have greener mode of application in leather processing for dehairing of goat skins and cow hides. Production of protease by submerged fermentation with potent activity is reported using a new isolate P. aeruginosa MTCC 10501.

Phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Coccinia grandis leaf extract and its application in the photocatalytic degradation.

Silver nanoparticles were successfully synthesized from aqueous AgNO(3) through a simple green route using the leaf extract of Coccinia grandis as a reducing as well as capping agent. The results obtained from UV-vis spectrum, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier-transform infra red spectroscopy (FTIR) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) revealed that the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles were in the size range of 20-30 nm and is crystallized in face centered cubic symmetry. Further, the thermal stability of nanoparticles was studied using thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).

Uptake of inhalable microparticles affects defence responses of macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.

Objectives: To investigate whether inhalable microparticles containing two anti-tuberculosis agents, isoniazid and rifampicin, evoke host-defence strategies in macrophages in addition to targeting the incorporated drugs.

Methods: Microparticles were prepared by spray-drying a homogeneous solution of drugs and poly(lactic acid) (PLA; apparent viscosity 1.1 cP).

Proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine balance in gasoline exhaust induced pulmonary injury in mice.

Proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine balance and associated changes in pulmonary bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of unleaded gasoline exhaust (GE) exposed mice were investigated. Animals were exposed to GE (1 L/min of GE mixed with 14 L/min of compressed air) using a flow-past, nose-only, dynamic inhalation exposure chamber for different durations (7, 14, and 21 days). The particulate content of the GE was found to be 0.