Volatile Formulation of Induced Defense Mechanism in Tomato and Suppressed Damping Off Disease Caused by .

Unlabelled: Volatiles produced by the leaves of medicinal plants are increasingly used as a new plant disease management strategy due to their induction of diverse antimicrobial activities, it is highly essential for the development of a new phyto-fumigant product to sustain crop production. The present study attempted to find the active role of associated volatile formulation in the suppression of the growth of under pot culture and field conditions. Damping off disease-causing is a devastating disease that infects the tomato crop from seed sprouting to the seedling stage.

Machine learning approaches for estimation of the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation and net photosynthesis rate of maize using multi-spectral sensor.

The fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR) and the photosynthesis rate (Pn) of maize canopies were identified as essential photosynthetic parameters for accurately estimating vegetation growth and productivity using multispectral vegetation indices (VIs). Despite their importance, few studies have compared the effectiveness of multispectral imagery and various machine learning techniques in estimating these photosynthetic traits under high vegetation coverage. In this study, seventeen multispectral VIs and four machine learning (ML) algorithms were utilized to determine the most suitable model for estimating maize FAPAR and Pn during the and seasons at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.

Optimization and characterization of laccase (LccH) produced by Hexagonia hirta MSF2 in solid-state fermentation using coir pith wastes (CPW).

The accumulation of coir pith waste, a byproduct of coconut husk processing, poses environmental and logistical challenges. An innovative and sustainable solution involves using coir pith as a substrate for solid-state fermentation (SSF). In SSF, coir pith can be converted into valuable products, such as enzymes, organic acids, and bioactive compounds.

EnZolv delignification of cotton spinning mill waste and optimization of process parameters using response surface methodology (RSM).

Background: EnZolv is a novel enzyme-based, eco-friendly biomass pretreatment process that has shown great potential in the field of textile engineering and biotechnology. It employs laccase from Hexagonia hirta MSF2 and 2% ethanol in the process of delignification. The process is designed to evaluate optimal conditions to remove lignin and other impurities from cotton spinning mill waste (CSMW), without compromising the quality and strength of the fibers.

Exploring bixin from L. seeds: quantification and insights into its anti-cancer potential.

Bixin, the key pigment of L., is an apo-carotenoid found in the seed arils. The present study aimed to quantitatively determine the bixin content of seeds and explore its anti-cancer activity through studies.

Flagellin, a plant-defense-activating protein identified from Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Dieffenbachiae invokes defense response in tobacco.

Background: Secretome analysis is a valuable tool to study host-pathogen protein interactions and to identify new proteins that are important for plant health. Microbial signatures elicit defense responses in plants, and by that, the plant immune system gets triggered prior to pathogen infection. Functional properties of secretory proteins from Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.

Delignification of the cotton stalk and ginning mill waste via EnZolv pretreatment and optimization of process parameters using response surface methodology (RSM).

The present study aimed to add value to cotton waste biomass using a more eco-friendly process, EnZolv which delignifies cotton stalk and cotton ginning mill waste. A maximum delignification of 68.68% and 65.

Activity of volatiles induced by microbes and natural plants stifled the growth of Pythium aphanidermatum - the damping off in Tomato.

Background: Volatilomes from natural plants and microbes imparts diverse antifungal properties to suppress the growth of plant pathogens and therefore can be a suitable alternative of chemical fungicides. The present experiment was to study effect of volatiles produced by natural plants and microbes on the fungal growth of Pythium aphanidermatum, which is a tomato seedling pathogen.

Results: Isolate of P.

Targeting bone cancer with 4-Allylbenzene-1,2-diol purified from L.: an and cytotoxicity scrutiny.

L., a well-known medicinal plant with rich source of bioactive compounds, is widely used in several therapeutics. The present study was performed to scrutinize the anti-cancer potential of compounds petiole by means of studies, purification of 4-Allylbenzene-1,2-diol from petioles and assessing its cytotoxicity on bone cancer metastasis.

Complete genome sequence analysis of a plant growth-promoting phylloplane Bacillus altitudinis FD48 offers mechanistic insights into priming drought stress tolerance in rice.

Bacillus altitudinis FD48 is a multifunctional plant growth-promoting bacterium isolated from the phylloplane of rice and survives at --10 bars of osmotic potential (--1.0 MPa). It also serves as an ideal PGPM against drought stress by triggering antioxidant defense mechanisms in rice.

Geochemical evolution and the processes controlling groundwater chemistry using ionic ratios, geochemical modelling and chemometric analysis in uMhlathuze catchment, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

The sources of chemical constituents of groundwater and its associated hydrogeochemical processes in the part of Mhlathuze catchment was identified. Groundwater of the area is classified into soft to very hard and the nature is identified as acidic to alkaline. The overall electrical conductivity is < 3000 μS/cm except in three wells.

Maize Apoplastic Fluid Bacteria Alter Feeding Characteristics of Herbivore () in Maize.

Maize is an important cereal crop which is severely affected by . The study aims to identify endophytic bacteria of maize root and leaf apoplastic fluid with bioprotective traits against and plant growth promoting properties. Among 15 bacterial endophytic isolates, two strains-namely, RAF5 and LAF5-were selected and identified as sp.

A 16S rRNA amplicon approach to the structural and functional diversity of bacterial communities associated with horse gram crop for drought mitigation and sustainable productivity.

Aim: In this study, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing analyses were performed to determine the diversity of the bacterial community present in the soil, rhizosphere region, root nodules and seeds of the horse gram plant.

Methods And Results: We observed the dominance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes and Gemmatimonadetes across all four domains of the horse gram plant. For community analyses, the significance of the alpha diversity was estimated using the Shannon index, Simpson index and Chao1 index, which revealed no significant difference among the samples.

Antifungal Volatilomes Mediated Defense Mechanism against f. sp. , the Incitant of Tomato Wilt.

In this study, the volatilomes of naturally growing plant leaves were immobilized in a suitable substrate to enhance vapors' diffusion in the soil to eradicate the wilt pathogens in Tomato. Volatilomes produced by leaves immobilized in vermiculite ball was found to be effective and exhibit 92.35 percent inhibition on the mycelial growth of f.

Glycosyl hydrolase 11 (xynA) gene with xylanase activity from thermophilic bacteria isolated from thermal springs.

Background: Hemicellulose is one of the copious polymer in lignocellulosic biomass (LCB). It is primarily composed of xylan linked by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Xylanase preferentially cleaves the β-1,4-glycosidic bonds in the xylan backbone resulting in complete hydrolysis of the biomass.

Lovastatin production by an oleaginous fungus, Aspergillus terreus KPR12 using sago processing wastewater (SWW).

Background: Lovastatin is one of the first statins to be extensively used for its cholesterol-lowering ability. It is commercially produced by fermentation. Species belonging to the genus Aspergillus are well-studied fungi that have been widely used for lovastatin production.

A sequel study on the occurrence of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in cut-chrysanthemum by DAS-ELISA using recombinant nucleocapsid protein to produce polyclonal antiserum.

The tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) belonging to the genus Orthotospovirus, family Tospoviridae, causes severe necrotic disease in field crops and horticultural crops, resulting in considerable yield loss worldwide. The development of protein-based diagnostics is essential to track the virus transmission and prevent its spread in vegetatively propagated crops such as ornamentals. In this study, nucleocapsid (N) gene of TSWV was cloned in pET 28 a (+) expression vector.

High-level synthesis and secretion of laccase, a metalloenzyme biocatalyst, by the halophilic archaeon Haloferax volcanii.

Haloarchaea and their enzymes have extremophilic properties desirable for use as platform organisms and biocatalysts in the bioindustry. These GRAS (generally regarded as safe) designated microbes thrive in hypersaline environments and use a salt-in strategy to maintain osmotic homeostasis. This unusual strategy has resulted in the evolution of most of the intracellular and extracellular enzymes of haloarchaea to be active and stable not only in high salt (2-5M) but also in low salt (0.

Aspergillus caespitosus ASEF14, an oleaginous fungus as a potential candidate for biodiesel production using sago processing wastewater (SWW).

Background: Oleaginous microorganisms are sustainable alternatives for the production of biodiesel. Among them, oleaginous fungi are known for their rapid growth, short life cycles, no light requirement, easy scalability, and the ability to grow in cheap organic resources. Among all the sources used for biodiesel production, industrial wastewater streams have been least explored.

Bioconversion of sago processing wastewater into biodiesel: Optimization of lipid production by an oleaginous yeast, Candida tropicalis ASY2 and its transesterification process using response surface methodology.

Background: Biodiesel is an eco-friendly and renewable energy source and a valuable substitute for petro-diesel. Sago processing wastewater (SWW), a by-product of the cassava processing industry, has starch content ranging from 4 to 7 g L and serves as an outstanding source for producing microbial lipids by the oleaginous microorganisms. In the present study, Candida tropicalis ASY2 was employed to optimize single-cell oil (SCO) production using SWW and subsequent transesterification by response surface methodology.

Bacterial effectors mimicking ubiquitin-proteasome pathway tweak plant immunity.

Plant pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria evade the host plant immune system by secreting Type III (T3E) and Type IV effector (T4E) proteins into the plant cytoplasm. Mostly T3Es are secreted into the plant cells to establish pathogenicity by affecting the vital plant process viz. metabolic pathways, signal transduction and hormonal regulation.

Tyrosinase and laccase-producing Bacillus aryabhattai TFG5 and its role in the polymerization of phenols.

Background: Tyrosinases and laccases are oxidoreductase enzymes that are used widely in the food, feed, textile, and biofuel industries. The rapidly growing industrial demand for bacterial oxido-reductases has encouraged research on this enzyme worldwide. These enzymes also play a key role in the formation of humic substances (HS) that are involved in controlling the biogeochemical carbon cycle, providing nutrients and bio-stimulants for plant growth, and interacting with inorganic and organic pollutants besides increasing carbon sequestration and mitigating greenhouse gas emission in the environment.

Biomass Pretreatment via Hydrodynamic Cavitation Process.

There are three essential steps involved in bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks. They are pretreatment, hydrolysis, and fermentation process. Among them, biomass pretreatment is an expensive and energy-intensive process used to remove the lignin and make the feedstock amenable for bioethanol production.

Optimization and scale-up of α-amylase production by Aspergillus oryzae using solid-state fermentation of edible oil cakes.

Background: Amylases produced by fungi during solid-state fermentation are the most widely used commercial enzymes to meet the ever-increasing demands of the global enzyme market. The use of low-cost substrates to curtail the production cost and reuse solid wastes are seen as viable options for the commercial production of many enzymes. Applications of α-amylases in food, feed, and industrial sectors have increased over the years.