Background: Cognitive dysfunction in hemodialysis (HD) patients is associated with decreased regional cerebral oxygenation (rSO2). Intradialytic exercise improves cognitive function; nonetheless, the acute effect of intradialytic exercise on cerebral circulation remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the acute effect of intradialytic exercise on rSO2 during HD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: To retrospectively investigate the developmental outcomes at 3 years of age in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) using a multicenter collaborative research approach.
Methods: We evaluated patients with CDH and no other malformations born between 2010 and 2016 in seven facilities in the Japanese CDH Research Group. The developmental quotient (DQ) at 3 years of age was evaluated using the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development 2001, the most standardized scale in Japan.
Objective: At our institute, most pediatric patients undergo epilepsy surgery following a thorough presurgical evaluation without intracranial electroencephalography (EEG). We conducted an initial validation of our noninvasive presurgical strategy by assessing the seizure and developmental outcomes of 135 children.
Methods: All 135 pediatric patients were <15 years old, had undergone curative surgery, and were followed for at least 2 years postoperatively.
A 64-year-old man with cirrhosis was diagnosed with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma and treated with a combination of durvalumab and tremelimumab. The patient had no history of diabetes mellitus. Three weeks later, the patient developed general fatigue, dry mouth, and polyuria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Patients with chronic kidney disease reportedly have decreased muscle oxygen utilization, which most substantially decreases exercise capacity, followed by cardiac reserve. However, determinants of longitudinal changes in exercise capacity in patients on hemodialysis (HD) and the effects of long-term exercise interventions (EI) are unknown. This study was conducted to clarify these concerns.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: This study aimed to clarify surgical complications associated with open surgery for congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).
Methods: We performed an exploratory data analysis of the clinical characteristics of surgical complications of neonates with CDH who underwent laparotomy or thoracotomy between 2006 and 2021. Data of these patients were obtained from the database of the Japanese CDH Study Group.
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the incidence of severe surgical complications among children with hepatoblastoma, identify their risk factors, and evaluate the influence of surgical complications on long-term outcomes.
Methods: Children with hepatoblastoma who underwent liver resection at our hospital between September 1992 and January 2023 were included in this study. Clinical data were retrospectively reviewed, and patients were categorized into complication and non-complication groups based on the need for radiological or surgical interventions or massive intraoperative blood loss (> 80 mL/kg).
Aim: Protein-energy wasting (PEW) is a common syndrome in patients undergoing haemodialysis (HD) and is associated with poor prognosis. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)-derived phase angle (PA) is useful for predicting PEW, but sex and age need to be considered. We aimed to reveal sex-specific cut-off values of PA predicting PEW in HD patients aged ≥65.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurotoxins have been extensively investigated, particularly in the field of neuroscience. They induce toxic damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation on neurons, triggering neuronal dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases. Here we demonstrate the neuroprotective effect of a silicon (Si)-based hydrogen-producing agent (Si-based agent) in a juvenile neurotoxic mouse model induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Patients on hemodialysis are highly susceptible to falls and fractures. Amplified apprehension regarding the fear of falling (FOF) constitutes a risk factor that restricts physical activity and escalates the probability of falls among the elderly population. This study aimed to elucidate the association between falls and FOF and physical activity in patients on hemodialysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Enduring anterograde amnesia is caused by lesions in bilateral mesial temporal lobes. However, whether transient dysfunction of bilateral mesial temporal regions induces reversible amnesia has not been proven. We investigated this association in patients with epilepsy and analyzed the electroclinical correlation during pure amnestic seizures (PAS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: We aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with isolated left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) who developed preoperative pneumothorax and determine its risk factors.
Methods: We performed an international cohort study of patients with CDH enrolled in the Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Study Group registry between January 2015 and December 2020. The main outcomes assessed included survival to hospital discharge and preoperative pneumothorax development.
The role of the amygdala in unconscious emotional processing remains a topic of debate. Past lesion studies have indicated that amygdala damage leads to impaired electrodermal activity in response to subliminally presented emotional stimuli. However, electrodermal activity can reflect both emotional and nonemotional processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: We investigated neuropsychological outcome in patients with pharmacoresistant pediatric-onset epilepsy caused by focal cortical dysplasia (FCD), who underwent frontal lobe resection during adolescence and young adulthood.
Methods: Twenty-seven patients were studied, comprising 15 patients who underwent language-dominant side resection (LDR) and 12 patients who had languagenondominant side resection (n-LDR). We evaluated intelligence (language function, arithmetic ability, working memory, processing speed, visuo-spatial reasoning), executive function, and memory in these patients before and two years after resection surgery.
We conducted a multicenter, prospective observational study of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) in Japan. From August 2011 to January 2016, we enrolled 6568 patients. Herein, we report the results for MDS (n = 2747) and CMML (n = 182).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Collaboration among medical facilities is crucial to deliver comprehensive epilepsy care to a diverse and large population of people with epilepsy. We conducted a survey among medical facilities of various sizes throughout Japan to investigate the status of epilepsy care delivery, functioning, and referral.
Methods: With the cooperation of the Japan Neurological Society (1428 facilities), Japanese Neurosurgical Society (3489 specialists), and Epilepsy Care Network (948 facilities), a questionnaire was mailed to 5865 locations that provide epilepsy care in Japan.
This report covers acute myeloid leukemia (AML) results from a multicenter, prospective observational study of AML, myelodysplastic syndromes, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in Japan. From August 2011 to January 2016, 3728 AML patients were registered. Among them, 42% were younger than 65, and the male-to-female ratio was 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSociality is an instinctive property of organisms that live in relation to others and is a complex characteristic of higher order brain functions. However, the evolution of the human brain to acquire higher order brain functions, such as sociality, and the neural basis for executing these functions and their control mechanisms are largely unknown. Several studies have attempted to evaluate how human sociality was acquired during the course of evolution and the mechanisms controlling sociality from a neurodevelopment viewpoint.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Postexercise vagal dysfunction is linked to noncardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patients, but the mechanism is unknown. This study aimed to determine the association of cardiovagal neuropathy with systemic inflammation, protein-energy wasting, and noncardiovascular hospitalization.
Methods: This 2-center retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 280 hemodialysis patients who underwent exercise test.
Aim: Circulating blood volume (BV) during exercise changes depending on the intensity and duration, and post-exercise hypotension is observed after continuous exercise. We investigated the safety and efficacy of both interval and continuous IDE at anaerobic threshold (AT) levels with respect to hemodynamic stability and dialysis efficiency.
Methods: In this crossover randomized controlled trial, 16 patients on haemodialysis were subjected to three trial arms, including non-IDE, interval-IDE, and continuous-IDE arms.