Altered Arginine/Agmatine Pathway and Polyamines in Adolescents Diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder.

Objective: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is common in childhood, but its etiopathogenesis is still unclear. Published neurochemical studies mostly focus on monoaminergic system, however, the pathophysiology of MDD cannot be explained by monoamine hypothesis only, medications that have effect on monoamines cannot have effect needed in all patients. We aimed to investigate the poliamine pathway of L-arginine metabolism which is proceeding by way of agmatine in adolescents with MDD.

Determination of the sensing properties of the fluorescence-based sensor for atmospheric NO gas.

Air pollution in urban areas poses a serious threat to human health and therefore the studies about the development of low cost and sensitive sensors to monitor the air quality with high spatial and low temporal resolution continue to be an extensive area in literature. In this study, oxime modified poly(4-(1-pyrenyl) styrene) (P(PySt)-NOX) probes were synthesized to use as a sensor to detect NO gas in ambient air. The structural characterization results showed that the probe was successfully synthesized.

Vitamin D Insufficiency in Children with Chronic Neurological Diseases: Frequency and Causative Factors.

Objective: Vitamin D insufficiency/rickets is a metabolic bone disease that leads to insufficient mineralization of bone. Chronic neurological diseases, including cerebral palsy (CP), convulsive disorders, neural tube defects, myopathy, immobility, lack of sun exposure, inadequate nutrition, and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can cause vitamin D insufficiency and osteopenia in children.

Materials & Methods: In this study, the authors searched the frequency and causative factors of vitamin D insufficiency in children with chronic neurological diseases such as CP, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, mental motor retardation, epilepsy, neurodegenerative and neuromuscular diseases, meningitis-encephalitis sequelae, neural tube defects, paralysis, and paresis.

Brain Inspired Cortical Coding Method for Fast Clustering and Codebook Generation.

A major archetype of artificial intelligence is developing algorithms facilitating temporal efficiency and accuracy while boosting the generalization performance. Even with the latest developments in machine learning, a key limitation has been the inefficient feature extraction from the initial data, which is essential in performance optimization. Here, we introduce a feature extraction method inspired by energy-entropy relations of sensory cortical networks in the brain.

Increased Serum Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor, Nerve Growth Factor, Glial-derived Neurotrophic Factor and Galanin Levels in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, and the Effect of 10 Weeks Methylphenidate Treatment.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the levels of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and galanin in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods: The study included 58 cases with ADHD and 60 healthy controls. Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL) together with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-5) criteria were used for diagnostic evaluation.

Processed meat products and snacks consumption in ADHD: A case-control study.

Objective: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been linked to "unhealthy" food consumption, but the studies in this area are insufficient. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between ADHD/related symptoms and processed meat products and snack consumption.

Methods: This study was conducted on 390 children aged between 6 and 17 with 169 ADHD (38 Girls, 131 Boys) and 221 healthy controls (93 Girls, 128 Boys).

Altered Arginine/Nitric Oxide Pathway in Children Diagnosed Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, and the Effect of 10 Weeks Methylphenidate Treatment.

Objective: In this study, we investigated the levels of arginine, nitric oxide (NO), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and adrenomedullin that are presumed to play a role in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) etiology, and to compare the findings with healthy controls.

Methods: Thirty ADHD patients and thirty healthy control subjects aged 6-12 years were included in the study. Sociodemographic data form, Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version; Conners' Parent/Teacher Rating Scale-Revised: Long Form; Children's Depression Inventory; and The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children were applied to all cases.

Effects of sildenafil citrate on pancreatic and lung complications in an experimental L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis model.

Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of sildenafil citrate on acute pancreatitis and pulmonary complications of the disease.

Material And Methods: In this study, we used 21 male Wistar-Albino rats weighing between 185 and 230 g. The rats were divided into 3 groups.

Parental psychological distress associated with COVID-19 outbreak: A large-scale multicenter survey from Turkey.

Aims: Pandemics can cause substantial psychological distress; however, we do not know the impact of the COVID-19 related lockdown and mental health burden on the parents of school age children. We aimed to comparatively examine the COVID-19 related the stress and psychological burden of the parents with different occupational, locational, and mental health status related backgrounds.

Methods: A large-scale multicenter online survey was completed by the parents ( = 3,278) of children aged 6 to 18 years, parents with different occupational (health care workers-HCW [18.

Using crop modeling to evaluate the impacts of climate change on wheat in southeastern turkey.

The extreme temperatures and uneven distribution of rainfall associated with climate change are expected to affect agricultural productivity and food security. A study was conducted to evaluate the impact of climate change on wheat in southeastern regions of Turkey. The CERES-wheat crop simulation model was calibrated and evaluated with data from eight surveyed farms.

Priapism With Methylphenidate Use in a Preschool-Aged Boy Resolved With Switching to Atomoxetine.

Background: Priapism is a persistent unwanted erection that is not linked with sexual stimulation. A number of previous case reports have shown priapism with methylphenidate (MPH) use, especially in adolescence and preadolescence period. In all of these cases, the unwanted erections ceased after the medication was discontinued and no further attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder medication was initiated.

The importance in diagnosing patients with conflicting observational data for post surgery radioiodinated ablation of thyroid remnants.

Objective: There is a special group of patients, according to 2015 American Thyroid Association guidelines. This group is defined as "the patients with conflicting observational data for post-surgery radioiodine ablation (COD for PSRIA)". For this special group of patients RIA is applied after a thorough reassessment of histopathological, clinical and biochemical features, including thyroglobulin (Tg).

Increased Serum Hepcidin Levels in Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the serum hepcidin levels in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients that were newly diagnosed with no history of psychotropic drugs.

Methods: A total of 70 ADHD patients and 69 healthy controls were enrolled in our study. During the diagnosis, the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime version were applied.

Vitamin D levels in children and adolescents with obsessive compulsive disorder.

Background: Recent studies showed that vitamin D deficiency may lead to dysfunctional changes in the brain and may be associated with neuropsychiatric diseases.

Aims: The present study aims to investigate vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase levels in children and adolescents diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and compared them to healthy controls. Additionally, the correlation of OCD symptom severity with serum vitamin D level will be analyzed.

Effects of sevoflurane on apoptosis, BDNF and cognitive functions in neonatal rats.

Objective: To evaluate the early and late effects of sevoflurane on the neonatal brain.

Background: Sevoflurane is the most used anaesthetics in neonatal subjects.

Methods: The study included 7-day-old male Wistar-Albino rats (n = 30), which were divided into the two groups according to the anaesthetic received: sevoflurane (S) and control group (C).

Oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters in neutropenic patients secondary to chemotherapy.

Objective: Neutropenia is a serious adverse event that necessitates dosage reduction in patients receiving chemotherapy. In this study, we evaluated the oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters in neutropenic patients after chemotherapy both during the neutropenic period and after successful treatment of neutropenia with filgrastim.

Methods: We studied paraoxonase (PON1), arylesterase (ARE), malondialdehyde (MDA), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in addition to routine biochemical and hematologic parameters.

Effect of different anesthesia techniques on the serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels.

Objective: Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) levels are associated with neurotransmission and cognitive functions. The goal of this study was to examine the effect of general anesthesia on BDNF levels. It was also to reveal whether this effect had a relationship with the surgical stress response or not.

Iron Deficiency Parameters in Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

The aim of this study is to compare iron deficiency parameters in patients with stimulant-naive attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and healthy controls, to investigate whether there are differences among the ADHD presentations, and to evaluate the relationship between ADHD symptom severity and serum ferritin levels. In addition, ADHD-Predominantly Inattentive (ADHD-PI) patients with restrictive hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms were evaluated as a separate group with "restrictive inattention presentation" (ADHD-Rest) and were compared with other groups. Patients with ADHD-Rest are typically defined as having six or more symptoms of inattention and fewer than three symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsivity.

Evaluation of levobupivacaine passage to breast milk following epidural anesthesia for cesarean delivery.

Background: Following maternal administration, local anesthetics pass into breast milk. In the present study, we aimed to compare the passage of levobupivacaine and bupivacaine into breast milk following epidural anesthesia for cesarean delivery.

Methods: A total of 20 women undergoing elective cesarean delivery under epidural anesthesia were randomized to receive either 0.

The effect of acute allergic reactions on diastolic heart function.

Purpose: Diastolic heart failure is characterized by the presence of heart failure symptoms despite preserved systolic function. Cytokines released during allergic reactions may impair diastolic heart function, either through their direct toxic effects or by inducing coronary artery spasm. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of acute allergic reactions on diastolic heart function.

Serum salusin-α levels in systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis.

Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc), chronic inflammatory diseases, demonstrate an increased incidence of cardiovascular manifestations and subclinical atherosclerotic disease. Salusin-α is a novel bioactive peptide that suppresses the formation of macrophage foam cells, and its serum level is significantly lower in patients with angiographically proven coronary artery disease. The aims of the study were to assess serum salusin-α level and its potential association with the predictors of atherosclerosis in SLE and SSc.

The assessment of oxidative stress on patients with chronic renal failure at different stages and on dialysis patients receiving different hypertensive treatment.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the oxidative stress in predialysis, hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis patients and to test the effects of antihypertensive drugs and volume control on oxidative stress parameters. The study was composed of five groups as follows: control group (n = 30), predialysis group (n = 30), peritoneal dialysis group (n = 30), hemodialysis group, (normotensive with strict volume control, n = 30), hemodialysis group (normotensive with medication, n = 30). Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) and routine biochemical parameters were studied in all patients.

Protective effects of L-carnitine, N-acetylcysteine and genistein in an experimental model of liver fibrosis.

Aim: Liver fibrosis is a reversible wound-healing response that occurs following liver injury. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of L-carnitine, N-acetylcysteine and genistein in liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). In addition, the effects of these agents were compared in the same study.