[Visceral debranching in hybrid surgery of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms].

Presented herein is a review of the literature dedicated to the method of visceral debranching, i. e., switching of the visceral and renal branches of the abdominal aorta to its intact portion, using synthetic vascular prostheses as the first stage of hybrid surgical treatment of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms prior to endovascular aortic aneurysm repair.

[Removal of ascending aortic dissection and residual blood flow after transcatheter isolation of descending aortic dissection].

Presented herein is a clinical case report concerning successful simultaneous surgical treatment of a female patient with a complication after transcatheter treatment for chronic dissection of the descending portion of the thoracic aorta. The woman was subjected to elective transcatheter isolation of chronic dissection of the descending thoracic aorta using a stent graft with complete coverage of the zone of the origin of the left subclavian artery. Repeat control imaging studies several months after the intervention revealed residual blood flow through the false channel, directed retrogradely from the distal edge of the stent graft to the left subclavian artery.

[Hybrid treatment of patients with aneurysms and dissections of the aortic arch and descending portion of the thoracic aorta].

The authors share herein their experience with hybrid surgical treatment of 21 patients presenting with lesions of the aortic arch and descending thoracic aorta. Aortic pathology included dissection of the thoracoabdominal aorta (n=15), a sacciform aneurysm of the aortic arch (n=5), and a spindle-shaped aneurysm of the distal portions of the aortic arch (n=1). The first stage consisted of the following operations: transposition of the left subclavian artery into the left common carotid artery (n=9; 42.

[Functional properties of smooth muscle cells in ascending aortic aneurysm].

Thoracic aortic aneurism (TAA) develops as a result of complex series of events that dynamically alter the structure and composition of the aortic vascular extracellular matrix (ECM). The main elements that alter the composition of aortic wall are smooth muscle cells (SMC). The purpose of the present work was to study alteration of smooth muscle cell functions derived from the patients with TAA and from healthy donors.

[Informational function of heart and its apply if diagnostics of medical disease].

Biophysical properties of the electric, magnetic and hydrodynamic impulses generated by the heart suggest the existence of the informational function of the heart: the ability to apply impulses across the body; probable variability of their main parameters, the presence in the heart of the amplitude and frequency-phase modulation carries the information into the cardiosignls. The main tenets of the theory of information functions of the heart are implemented in the technology of informational analysis of electrocardiosignals based on encoding--transformation of the probable variability of parameters electrocardiosignals into the code text. Specific sets of combinations of symbols of norm and rules of internal diseases were indentified.

[Improvement of aortic root replacement technique with aortic valve sparing: immediate and long-term results].

One of the approaches to treatment of the aortic root aneurysms combined with aortic insufficiency is valve-sparing aortic root replacement. An analysis of immediate and long-term results dealt with 19 operations of replacement of the ascending parts of the aorta with sparing the aortic valve by the David I modified technique. The results demonstrated effectiveness and relative safety of this method of correction.

[Cardiac autotransplantation in a patient with congestive heart failure].

Congestive heart failure with intact or moderately lowered left ventricular pump function is caused in some patients by mitral regurgitation. Consequences are dilation of the left atrium, pulmonary hypertension, tricuspid regurgitation, thromboembolic complications, rhythm disturbances, elevated risk of sudden death. Efficacy of drug treatment, electroimpulse therapy is little and surgery is the method of choice.

[Informational function of heart].

The facts, testifying that electric, magnetic and hydrodynamic impulses generated by heart can be information carriers in human organism, are represented in the article. The conclusion about presence in the heart a modulation mechanism transforming cardiac impulses to signals according to filling information, and about presence structural elements accepting these signals, made by the author. Informational analysis technology based on transformation of space-time electric cardiac dynamics to pattern is proposed.

[Morphohistochemical appraisal of the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygenation, cytochrome c, and thymalin in the management of experimental gastric ulcers].

The authors studied the content of xanthine oxidase and the activity of the reparative process in the border of an acetate ulcer after Okabe in 48 rabbits before and during treatment by HBO, cytochrome c, and thymalin. In treatment by HBO and cytochrome c the activity of the enzyme was normalized rapidly, which coincided with cicatrization of the ulcer. In treatment with thymalin xanthinE oxidase activity was not normalized in this period and mucosal inflammation persisted in the zone of ulcer cicatrization.

[Autotransfusions of sorbent blood in treating peptic ulcer patients with an unfavorable course].

Autotransfusion of sorbent blood was used in the complex treatment of 62 patients with gastric ulcer characterized by an unfavourable course. The course of autotransfusions favoured scarring of the gastric ulcer in 70.9% of patients, normalized the helper/suppressor relations of regulatory subpopulations of T-lymphocytes, normalized the indices of natural killer activity.

[Functional and morphological characteristics of the digestive reaction of gastric mucosa].

Morphological state of connective tissue (stromal) cells of the stomach mucous membrane has been studied in healthy persons, having a habitual regime of feeding. During digestive period in the stomach mucous membrane, certain changes develop, which are considered as a digestive reaction. Three stages of the digestive reaction, having strict morphological signs are determined, their connections being stated by means of morphometry and mathematical analysis.

[The clinical significance of endoscopic signs in neurodermatitis patients with gastric and duodenal pathology].

Basing on the findings of fiber gastroscopy, used in examinations of 262 patients with neurodermatitis, the authors describe the so-called "minor endoscopic signs", i.e. enhanced gastric peristalsis, pyloric spasm, hypersecretion, duodenogastric reflux.

[Morphologic characteristics of the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum in patients with acute complications of gastroduodenal ulcers after surgical procedures].

Patients with acute complications of gastroduodenal ulcers are characterized by common morphological alterations in mucous membranes of the stomach and duodenum which consisted in higher or normal content of parietal, main and EcI-cells, substantial deficiency of Ec-cells as well as in progressively decreased mucin formation from proximal portions of the stomach to distal ones with its lowest level in the duodenum.

[Arterial and venous hemodynamics in peptic ulcer and the preulcerous state].

The method of tensometric universal occlusion plethysmography was used to determine the arterial and venous hemodynamics in 106 patients with ulcer disease and chronic gastroduodenitis with symptoms of ulcer disease. Reliable changes of the peripheral blood flow were revealed during exacerbations of the disease and clinico-morphological remission. The changes are caused by disorders in the system of regulation of the peripheral hemodynamics.

[Prognostic value of studying the cellular immunity in ulcerative lesions of the stomach].

Altogether 138 patients with peptic and mediogastral ulcers were examined for cellular immunity. Long before the disease took an unfavourable course marked by frequent relapses and chronic ulcers or the occurrence of ulcer malignancy the patients showed immunodeficiency which correlated with the gravity of the disease clinical manifestations or with the degree of the symptomatology of a complication. At the same time there was a rise of the suppressor activity of T lymphocytes and a reduction in the D lymphocyte count, especially in the patients with gastric ulcer malignancy.

[The role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the mechanisms of ulcerogenesis].

The functional activity displayed by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PL) of the peripheral blood and gastric mucosa, including ulcer margins, was studied in 50 rabbits with ulcer experimentally induced by the Okabe method and in 25 intact animals. The peripheral blood PLs were found to show substantially increased lysosomal cation proteins (LCP), enhanced alkaline phosphatase and decreased peroxidase activity. The changes in the gastric mucosa, particularly in its damaged area, were characterized by a marked microcirculatory bed response and formation of lymphocytic and, later on, pronounced neutrophilic infiltrates.

[The diagnostic and prognostic significance of the skin manifestations in patients with pathology of the stomach and duodenum].

The authors provide data on the identification of different skin manifestations on the anterior surface of the legs and rear of the feet in part of patients with gastric and duodenal pathology. In 81% of patients, they may precede manifestation of gastroduodenal abnormalities including ulcer disease. Based on skin alterations in the indicated areas one can work out the examination policy and follow-up of patients with gastric and duodenal pathology and, in some cases, identify the early (preclinical patterns) of the disease.