Pentamethine cyanine dyes with alkynyl group as perspective structure for conjugation with targeting moiety.

We report a modified carbocyanine-based asymmetric fluorescent dye, suitable for the azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction, that possesses promising photochemical properties (Φ = 0,49). As an example of usage of the new fluorophore, it was conjugated to a ligand targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), one of the widely utilized prostate cancer markers.

Fluorescent Conjugates Based on Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Ligands as an Effective Visualization Tool for Prostate Cancer.

Fluorescent dyes are widely used in histological studies and in intraoperative imaging, including surgical treatment of prostate cancer (PC), which is one of the most common types of cancerous tumors among men today. Targeted delivery of fluorescent conjugates greatly improves diagnostic efficiency and allows for timely correct diagnosis. In the case of PC, the protein marker is a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA).

Synthesis of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-Targeted Bimodal Conjugates of Cytotoxic Agents and Antiandrogens and Their Comparative Assessment with Monoconjugates.

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men. We designed and synthesized new ligands targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen and suitable for bimodal conjugates with diagnostic and therapeutic agents. studies of the affinity of the synthesized compounds to the protein target have been carried out.

Synthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of Small-Molecule Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-Targeted Abiraterone Conjugate.

Prostate cancer is the second most common type of cancer among men. The main method of its treatment is androgen deprivation therapy, which has a wide range of side effects. One of the solutions to this challenge is the targeted delivery of drugs to prostate cancer cells.

[The history of myxosporean (Myxozoa Grasse, 1970, Myxosporea Butschli, 1881) life and nuclear cycles studies].

The paper presents a historic review of various hypothesis concerning the myxozoan life and nuclear cycles. The comparison of DAPI- and Feulgen-image-cytometry results of DNA amount in myxozoan actinospora and myxospora nuclei, in connection with the new data on the animal life and nuclear cycle, has been performed. Possible reasons for the data discrepancy are considered.

[Cytological aspects of similarity and difference of Myxozoa and Cnidaria].

A comparative cytomorphological analysis of Myxozoa and parasitic Cnidaria Polypodium hydriforme has been carried out in view of the Weill (1938) hypothesis, which regards Myxozoa as a reduced Cnidaria. The question on the relation of Myxozoa and Cnidaria was arising several times with the application of some new methods during the Myxozoa studies. At present the idea on their phylogenetic relationships has appeared again in connection with an absolutely new understanding of the myxozoan life cycle (Wolf, Markiw, 1984), as well as with the application of molecular-biological methods for their phylogenetic studies.

[Ploidy of somatic nuclei during life cycle of Myxosporean (Myxozoa, Grasse, 1970)].

Results of the author's investigation on the ploidy of somatic nuclei in various myxosporean species, throughout different stages of their complicated life cycles, have been summarized. A comparative analysis of data on the ploidy in somatic and generative nuclei of Kudoa quadratum (Multivalvulida) has been given for the first time. Representatives of the Multivalvulida order differ from those of the earlier studied Bivalvulida order in the structure of their myxospore.

[Permeability of blood-eye barrier in patients with primary glaucoma combined with lens opacity].

The development of glaucoma involves changes in the chamber humor caused by hydrodynamic disorders. Primary glaucoma is often combined with lens opacities. Comparison of the content of protein and protein fractions in aqueous humor and blood serum of patients with glaucoma and different degree of lens opacity showed that, in contrast to senile cataract, cataract in a glaucomatous eye forms when the permeability of the blood-eye barrier is increased, which justifies the administration of drugs stabilizing it.

[Permeability of blood-aqueous humor barrier in primary open-angle glaucoma].

Biochemical changes in the chamber humor play an important role in the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma and are largely determined by the permeability of the blood-eye barrier. Comparative study of total protein content in the chamber humor in mature and far advanced glaucoma showed that the disease involves a progressive increase in the permeability of the blood-aqueous humor barrier, which may be due to dystrophic changes in ocular tissues in the course of glaucoma progress and accumulation of metabolites damaging the biological membranes in the chamber fluid or to antiglaucoma drugs increasing the permeability of the blood-humor barrier.

[Role of free radical oxidation reaction in lens opacities after antiglaucoma surgery].

The content of lipid peroxidation products (malonic dialdehyde) in the aqueous humor is increased in patients with mature cataracts developing after antiglaucoma surgery. Antioxidative activity of the humor was decreased. A relationship was revealed between the postoperative changes in ocular hydrodynamics and metabolic disorders in the chamber humor (reduction of the antioxidative activity of the humor and its suppressed production), which explains one mechanism of cataract development in patients operated on for glaucoma.

[A comparison of the amount of DNA in the sporoplasm nuclei of the myxosporidian and actinosporidian phases of the life cycle of the parasitic protozoan Zschokkella nova--a representative of the Myxozoa type].

Average DNA amounts in sporoplasm nuclei of the actinosporean and myxosporean developmental phases of Z. nova were compared. The average DNA amount per one, presumably diploid, sporoplasm nucleus of the actinosporean phase spores was twice as large as the average summarized DNA amount in two, presumably haploid, nuclei of the myxospsorean phase spores of Z.

[Biological characteristics of the invasive stage of Myxosoma cerebralis (Myxosporidia: Myxosomatidae)].

The data concerning biological peculiarities of spores of Myxosoma cerebralis obtained by the author and other researchers are summarized. The life cycle of M. cerebralis is well adapted to the seasonal cycle of the host owing to the fact that the infectivity of the spores is attained only after 4 months of aging in water and that the spores are highly resistive to freezing and drying.

[Cytophotometric studies of the nuclear cycle of Sphaeromyxa elegini].

The cytophotometric investigation of DNA content in the nuclei of Myxosporidia Sphaeromyxa elegini Dogiel 1948 was made. It was found that not only nuclei of sporoplasm but also capsulogenic nuclei are haploid. The fact makes us leave apart, as far as these species are concerned, the scheme of nucl eic cycle according to which all somatic nuclei are diploid.