Signal Generation, Acquisition, and Processing in Brain Machine Interfaces: A Unified Review.

Brain machine interfaces (BMIs), or brain computer interfaces (BCIs), are devices that act as a medium for communications between the brain and the computer. It is an emerging field with numerous applications in domains of prosthetic devices, robotics, communication technology, gaming, education, and security. It is noted in such a multidisciplinary field, many reviews have surveyed on various focused subfields of interest, such as neural signaling, microelectrode fabrication, and signal classification algorithms.

endocarditis: A case report and comprehensive review of an underestimated infection.

Diphtheroids are gram-positive pleomorphic bacilli in the family of Coryneform bacteria. These organisms are present as part of the human flora. Past practice habits had been to consider them as contaminants when isolated from clinical samples.

Safety and Efficacy of Exercise Training in Patients With an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: A Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: In this study, the authors performed a meta-analysis of currently available comparative prospective studies to assess the efficacy and safety of exercise training in heart failure (HF) patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD).

Background: ICDs have been shown to improve survival in patients with HF. However, many patients with ICDs experience fear of shocks and avoid physical activity.

Continuous Dose-Response Association Between Sedentary Time and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-analysis.

Importance: Prior studies suggest that higher sedentary time is associated with a greater risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the quantitative, dose-response association between sedentary time and CVD risk is not known.

Objective: To determine the categorical and quantitative dose-response association between sedentary time and CVD risk.

Effect of treatment with rosiglitazone on high-sensitivity cardiac troponin levels among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To assess the impact of intermediate-term treatment with rosiglitazone on high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T levels among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with or at high risk of coronary artery disease.

Methods: High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T level was measured at baseline and after 6 months of study treatment in a randomized trial comparing rosiglitazone versus placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes and prevalent cardiovascular disease or multiple cardiovascular disease risk factors. Univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to assess the effect of rosiglitazone versus placebo on high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T levels.

A Safety Evaluation of Empagliflozin for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes.

Introduction: Empagliflozin is a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor used to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by enhancing urinary glucose excretion. Empagliflozin is effective at lowering glycosylated hemoglobin and was recently proven superior to placebo for reduction of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. As with any new drug, there are safety considerations that inform its potential use in patients with T2DM.