A review of the potential involvement of small RNAs in transgenerational abiotic stress memory in plants.

Crop production is increasingly threatened by the escalating weather events and rising temperatures associated with global climate change. Plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms, including stress memory, to cope with abiotic stresses such as heat, drought, and salinity. Stress memory involves priming, where plants remember prior stress exposures, providing enhanced responses to subsequent stress events.

Mechanical integrity of photovoltaic panels under hailstorms: Mono vs. poly-crystalline comparison.

The performance of Photovoltaic (PV) modules heavily relies on their structural strength, manufacturing methods, and materials. Damage induced during their lifecycle leads to degradation, reduced power generation and efficiency. Mechanical stresses, originating from manufacturing, transportation, and operational phases impose significant loads on PV modules.

Assessment of salt and drought stress on the biochemical and molecular functioning of onion cultivars.

Background: Salt and drought stress are the main environmental constraints that limit onion growth and productivity. Türkiye is the fifth largest onion producer, whereas the stress conditions are increasing in the region, resulting in poor crop growth.

Methods And Results: A current study was conducted under greenhouse conditions according to a completely randomized design with factorial arrangements to evaluate the performance of onion cultivars.

Developing future heat-resilient vegetable crops.

Climate change seriously impacts global agriculture, with rising temperatures directly affecting the yield. Vegetables are an essential part of daily human consumption and thus have importance among all agricultural crops. The human population is increasing daily, so there is a need for alternative ways which can be helpful in maximizing the harvestable yield of vegetables.

Retrospective Comparison of Patients ≥ 80 Years With Atrial Fibrillation Prescribed Either an FDA-Approved Reduced or Full Dose Direct-Acting Oral Anticoagulant.

Direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) represent the standard for preventing stroke and systemic embolization (SSE) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). There is limited information for patients ≥ 80 years. We report a retrospective analysis of AF patients ≥ 80 years prescribed either a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved reduced (n = 514) or full dose (n = 199) DOAC (Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban, or Apixaban) between January 1st, 2011 (first DOAC commercially available) and May 31st, 2017.

Comparative transcriptomics of drought stress response of taproot meristem region of contrasting purple carrot breeding lines supported by physio-biochemical parameters.

Carrot is one of the nutritious vegetable crops sensitive to drought stress resulting in loss of quality and yield. There are a lot of studies on detailed molecular mechanisms of drought stress response of main crops; however, very little information available on vegetables, including carrots. Hence, in this study, we investigated root transcriptome profiles from the meristematic region of two contrasting purple carrot (B7262A, drought tolerant; P1129, drought sensitive) lines under varying stress levels (85% and 70%) by using RNA-Seq technique.

Moving Beyond DNA Sequence to Improve Plant Stress Responses.

Plants offer a habitat for a range of interactions to occur among different stress factors. Epigenetics has become the most promising functional genomics tool, with huge potential for improving plant adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses. Advances in plant molecular biology have dramatically changed our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that control these interactions, and plant epigenetics has attracted great interest in this context.

Unraveling Sorghum Allelopathy in Agriculture: Concepts and Implications.

Allelopathy is an ecological phenomenon that involves the production and release of biomolecules from different crops, cultivated plants, and bacteria or fungi into the soil rhizosphere and impacts other organisms in the vicinity. Sorghum possesses vital allelopathic characteristics due to which it produces and releases different biomolecules from its root hairs, stems, and grains. Several studies have reported that sorghum acts as an allelopathic crop, decreasing the growth and eco-physiological attributes of surrounding plants and weeds growing simultaneously or subsequently in the field.

Comparison of Low-Dose Direct Acting Anticoagulant and Warfarin in patients Aged ≥80 years With Atrial Fibrillation.

Low dose direct acting oral anticoagulants (LDDOACS) were approved for elderly atrial Fibrillation (AF) patients with limited information. A retrospective analysis collecting baseline characteristics and outcomes in AF patients ≥ 80 prescribed LDDOAC or warfarin (W), from a multidisciplinary practice between 1/1/11 (First LDDOAC available) and 5/31/17 was conducted. From 9660 AF patients, 514 ≥ 80 received a LDDOAC and 422 W.

Use of cone beam computed tomography imaging for airway measurement to predict obstructive sleep apnea.

: This retrospective chart review examined whether airway parameters were correlated with scores on the STOP-Bang questionnaire. Minimal upper airway area, upper airway volume, minimal retropalatal area, retropalatal volume, minimal retroglossal area, and retroglossal volume were calculated from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Patients were grouped based on their STOP-Bang scores (<3 or ≥3) for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and airway parameters were compared across the 2 groups.

Dupilumab progressively improves systemic and cutaneous abnormalities in patients with atopic dermatitis.

Background: Dupilumab is an IL-4 receptor α mAb inhibiting signaling of IL-4 and IL-13, key drivers of type 2-driven inflammation, as demonstrated by its efficacy in patients with atopic/allergic diseases.

Objective: This placebo-controlled, double-blind trial (NCT01979016) evaluated the efficacy, safety, and effects of dupilumab on molecular/cellular lesional and nonlesional skin phenotypes and systemic type 2 biomarkers of patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Methods: Skin biopsy specimens and blood were evaluated from 54 patients randomized 1:1 to weekly subcutaneous doses of 200 mg of dupilumab or placebo for 16 weeks.