Effectiveness of Self-Management Programs Among Athletes With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: Protocol for a Systematic Review.

Background: Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a highly prevalent overuse knee injury in athletic populations associated with pain and functional limitations, exacerbated by activities such as running, pivoting, cycling, and jumping. Self-management programs empowering athletes to take an active role in controlling their symptoms for chronic musculoskeletal conditions such as patellofemoral pain syndrome have grown in popularity. However, the efficacy of self-management programs specifically for athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome is unclear due to limited and heterogeneous evidence.

Midwifery educators' knowledge of antenatal exercises in selected Nigerian midwifery schools.

Background:  Exercise during pregnancy is beneficial to both the pregnant woman and the foetus. Midwifery educators play a crucial role in ensuring that midwifery students receive the knowledge and training needed to demonstrate antenatal exercises. To ensure that their students understand and deliver adequate antenatal care, midwifery educators should be highly knowledgeable in pregnancy-related exercises.

A systematic review on the effects of non-pharmacological interventions for fatigue among people with upper and/or lower limb osteoarthritis.

Objectives: To identify non-pharmacological fatigue interventions and determine the effectiveness of these non-pharmacological interventions in reducing fatigue immediately and over time in OA.

Methods: A review protocol (CRD42020163730) was developed and registered with the PROSPERO database. Included studies comprised peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effects of conservative interventions on fatigue in people with upper and lower limb OA.

Utilisation of partogram at a district in the North West Province, South Africa.

Background: The partogram or partograph is a tool used to monitor the progress of labour and serves as a diagnostic tool for labour-related abnormalities such as prolonged labour, cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) and obstructed labour. Appropriate utilisation of the partogram aids health caregivers with early diagnosis and facilitates clinical judgement and interventions to prevent complications of abnormal labour. The partogram is thus a mandatory tool to be utilised to monitor the progress of labour for intrapartum care in South Africa.

Exploration of Gut Microbiome Research in Africa: A Scoping Review.

The crucial role of the gut microbiome in various diseases has led to increased interest in interventions and therapeutics targeting the human microbiome. Accordingly, the current scoping review analyzed the diseases and interventions involved in gut microbiome research in Africa. The electronic databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched from inception to October 2021.

Economic Evaluations of Digital Health Interventions for the Management of Musculoskeletal Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are widespread in many countries and their huge burden on the society has necessitated innovative approaches such as digital health interventions. However, no study has evaluated the findings of cost-effectiveness of these interventions.

Objective: This study aims to synthesize the cost-effectiveness of digital health interventions for people with MSDs.

Global and regional estimates of clinical and economic burden of low back pain in high-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Low back pain (LBP) is a common health problem, and the leading cause of activity limitation and work absence among people of all ages and socioeconomic strata. This study aimed to analyse the clinical and economic burden of LBP in high income countries (HICs) via systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: A literature search was carried out on PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, AMED, and Scopus databases was from inception to March 15th, 2023.

Clinical and economic burden of low back pain in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.

Objectives: Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability and work absenteeism globally, and it poses significant clinical and economic burden to individuals, health systems and the society. This study aimed to synthesise the clinical and economic burden of LBP in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods: A systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines was performed.

Knowledge, attitude, and perception of low back pain and activities that may prevent it among adolescents in Nigeria.

Background: Awareness of activities that may result in low back pain (LBP) among adolescents is fundamental in preventing adulthood LBP.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate adolescents' knowledge, attitude, and perception of LBP and activities that may prevent LBP in Kano, North-western, Nigeria.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey involving 400 school-going adolescents recruited using a multistage random sampling technique.

Applying the ICF codes, flag model and C-OAR-SE in the development of return-to-work assessment scale for stroke survivors.

Background: The Return-to-Work Assessment Scale (RAS) was developed in 2021 by Ibikunle et al. to assess return-to-work among post-stroke survivors.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe how the conceptual (flag model and ICF) and theoretical framework (C-OAR-SE) were used in developing the RAS.

Effectiveness of school-based CPR training among adolescents to enhance knowledge and skills in CPR: A systematic review.

Background:  Cardiac arrest is responsible for 5% - 10% of all deaths among children age 5-19 years; therefore, strategies to prevent poor outcomes post cardiac arrest among children are critical within schools.

Objectives:  The purpose of this study was to systematically review the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training on CPR knowledge and skills among adolescent school children.

Method:  This systematic review was conducted and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline.

Validation of content and structure of the Return-to-work assessment for post-stroke survivors.

Background: Validation of an instrument consist of three main types: content, criterion and construct. Content validity needs to be determined in order for an instrument to be acceptable for use, validity establishes the fact that an instrument measures exactly what it proposes to measure. The Return-to-work assessment scale (RAS) was developed to measure three aspects of return to work: (Personal factors and/or issues, work issues and contextual factors) in 2021.

Effectiveness of physical activity programs in enhancing sleep outcomes among adolescents: a systematic review.

Background: Adolescence is a developmental period characterised by rapid physical and psychological changes that heighten the risk for inadequate sleep. Fortunately, physical activity programs (PAPs) are an easy-to-do intervention that has been associated with improved sleep outcomes in different population groups. This systematic review aimed to provide evidence to support the effects of PAPs on sleep outcomes among apparently healthy adolescents.

Health trends, inequalities and opportunities in South Africa's provinces, 1990-2019: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study.

Background: Over the last 30 years, South Africa has experienced four 'colliding epidemics' of HIV and tuberculosis, chronic illness and mental health, injury and violence, and maternal, neonatal, and child mortality, which have had substantial effects on health and well-being. Using data from the 2019 Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors Study (GBD 2019), we evaluated national and provincial health trends and progress towards important Sustainable Development Goal targets from 1990 to 2019.

Methods: We analysed GBD 2019 estimates of mortality, non-fatal health loss, summary health measures and risk factor burden, comparing trends over 1990-2007 and 2007-2019.

Determination of hand grip strength and its correlates during pregnancy: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Pregnancy results in many changes, including reduced hand grip strength (HGS). However, good HGS is required for physical functions such as carrying and breastfeeding the baby after birth. The aim of this study was to determine the factors that may predict HGS during pregnancy.

Multimorbidity of chronic diseases of lifestyle among South African adults.

Introduction: the prevalence of non-communicable and chronic diseases has been on the increase globally and has been a major factor responsible for high morbidity and mortality. Multimorbidity of the chronic diseases in low/medium income countries should be a major concern for public health practitioners because of the communicable diseases they also battle with. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of multi-morbidity of chronic diseases of lifestyle (CDL) among adult South Africans.

Chronic diseases of lifestyle risk factor profiles of a South African rural community.

Globally, chronic diseases of lifestyle account for millions of dollars spent annually on health. These diseases share similar risk factors including: physical inactivity, obesity, cigarette smoking, and hypertension among others. This study sought to assess risk factors for chronic diseases of lifestyle of a rural community in South Africa.

Effects of Lower Limb Constraint Induced Movement Therapy in People With Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Constraint induced movement therapy (CIMT) is effective at improving upper limb outcomes after stroke. The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of lower limb CIMT studies of any design in people with stroke. PubMED, PEDro, OTSeeker, CENTRAL, and Web of Science were searched from their earliest dates to February 2021.

Autonomy-hindering scope for physiotherapy practice in African countries: Results of creatures and antinomies of regulatory laws.

Background: Healthcare professionals in different countries are governed by laws and statutes for their scopes of practice to ensure that services are rendered by suitably licenced and qualified professionals in order to protect the public. A few of these laws are found to paradoxically hinder the autonomy of physiotherapy.

Objective: My article documents the autonomy-hindering scope for physiotherapy practice in selected African countries.

Comparing Two Different Modes of Task Practice during Lower Limb Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy in People with Stroke: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is used for the rehabilitation of motor function after stroke.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of lower limb CIMT that uses number of repetition of tasks with the one that uses number of hours of practice.

Method: The study was a randomized clinical trial approved by the Ethics Committee of Kano State Ministry of Health.

COVID-19: Are Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors for Its Severity?

Objective: To identify and describe the mechanisms of lifestyle characteristics-obesity, DM, hypertension and physical inactivity-that may lead to the severity of illness among individuals with COVID-19.

Data Source: A scoping review was conducted by searching electronic databases of PubMed and Scopus from December 2019 to August 2020.

Inclusion/exclusion Criteria: inclusion criteria were studies that explicitly describe the mechanism of COVID-19 in relationship with either hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM), obesity and/or physical inactivity.

Body Weight Misperception and Dissatisfaction Among Overweight and Obese Adult Nigerians.

Background: The increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in low- and medium-income countries has a negative impact on overall health. Correct perception of one's body weight is a step in seeking healthy help toward weight reduction in overweight and obese individuals.

Objective: This study was carried out to assess the body weight misperception and dissatisfaction among overweight and obese adults in an urban African setting.