Isolated Mouse Adult Cardiomyocytes Display Minimal Mitochondrial ATP Demand and Maximal Reliance on Glycolysis.

Mitochondrial maladaptation is a hallmark of heart failure, contributing to impaired energy production and contractile dysfunction. Understanding the bioenergetics of cardiomyocytes under healthy and pathological conditions is critical for characterizing mitochondrial maladaptation. While adult cardiomyocytes from rodents are a widely used model, recent studies have reported oligomycin insensitivity in these cells, a phenomenon often overlooked.

Single-cell multiomic analysis identifies a HOX-PBX gene network regulating the survival of lymphangioleiomyomatosis cells.

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare, progressive lung disease that predominantly affects women. LAM cells carry mutations, causing mTORC1 hyperactivation and uncontrolled cell growth. mTORC1 inhibitors stabilize lung function; however, sustained efficacy requires long-term administration, and some patients fail to tolerate or respond to therapy.

Lipid-droplet associated mitochondria promote fatty-acid oxidation through a distinct bioenergetic pattern in male Wistar rats.

Mitochondria empower the liver to regulate lipid homeostasis by enabling fatty acid oxidation during starvation and lipogenesis during nutrient-rich conditions. It is unknown if mitochondria can seamlessly regulate these two distinct processes or if two discrete populations of mitochondria achieve these two functions in the liver. For the first time in the liver, we report the isolation of two distinct populations of mitochondria from male Wistar rats on an ad-libitum diet: cytoplasmic mitochondria and lipid droplet-associated mitochondria.

Aging reduces kisspeptin receptor (GPR54) expression levels in the hypothalamus and extra-hypothalamic brain regions.

Aging leads to the diminished pulsatile secretion of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Kisspeptin (Kp), the upstream regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, regulates GnRH synthesis and release through its cognate receptor, G-protein coupled receptor 54 (GPR54). In turn, GnRH regulates GPR54 expression.

Glutathionylated and Fe-S cluster containing hMIA40 (CHCHD4) regulates ROS and mitochondrial complex III and IV activities of the electron transport chain.

Human MIA40, an intermembrane space (IMS) import receptor of mitochondria harbors twin CX9C motifs for stability while its CPC motif is known to facilitate the import of IMS bound proteins. Site-directed mutagenesis complemented by MALDI on in vivo hMIA40 protein shows that a portion of MIA40 undergoes reversible S-glutathionylation at three cysteines in the twin CX9C motifs and the lone cysteine 4 residue. We find that HEK293T cells expressing hMIA40 mutant defective for glutathionylation are compromised in the activities of complexes III and IV of the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) and enhance Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels.

Kisspeptin preserves mitochondrial function by inducing mitophagy and autophagy in aging rat brain hippocampus and human neuronal cell line.

It has become amply clear that mitochondrial function defined by quality, quantity, dynamics, homeostasis, and regulated by mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis is a critical metric of human aging and disease. As a consequence, therapeutic interventions that can improve mitochondrial function can have a profound impact on human health and longevity. Kisspeptins are neuropeptides belonging to the family of metastasis suppressors that are known to regulate functions like fertility, reproduction, and metabolism.

Mitochondrial Import of Dengue Virus NS3 Protease and Cleavage of GrpEL1, a Cochaperone of Mitochondrial Hsp70.

Dengue virus infections, which have been reported in nearly 140 countries, pose a significant threat to human health. The genome of dengue virus encodes three structural and seven nonstructural (NS) proteins along with two untranslated regions, one each on both ends. Among them, dengue protease (NS3) plays a pivotal role in polyprotein processing and virus multiplication.

Differential role of melatonin in restoration of age-induced alterations in daily rhythms of expression of various clock genes in suprachiasmatic nucleus of male Wistar rats.

Aging is associated with changes in several basic parameters of circadian rhythms in mammals leading to circadian dysfunction. The hypothalamic Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) regulates neuronal, endocrine and behavioral rhythms through the expression of various clock genes and release of melatonin from pineal gland. In the present study, we investigated the effect of aging on daily rhythms of various clock genes such as rPer1, rPer2, rCry1, rCry2 and rBmal1 in the SCN of male Wistar rats.