Bcl‑xL‑specific BH3 mimetic A‑1331852 suppresses proliferation of fluorouracil‑resistant colorectal cancer cells by inducing apoptosis.

BH3 mimetics are small‑molecule inhibitors of the antiapoptotic Bcl‑2 family and have therapeutic efficacy against hematological malignancies. BH3 mimetic A‑1331852 suppresses colorectal cancer cell proliferation. Progressive resistance to the widely used anticancer agent fluorouracil (5‑FU) is a key reason for colorectal cancer recurrence; therefore, the present study tested if A‑1331852 can suppress the proliferation of 5‑FU‑resistant colorectal cancer cells.

A novel technique for the construction of an end ileostomy to prevent stoma outlet obstruction after rectal resection and total colectomy: a single-center retrospective study.

Purpose: Stoma outlet obstruction (SOO) is an early postoperative complication of rectal cancer. We devised a novel surgical technique: end-ileostomy, to reduce SOO. Here, we describe the surgical technique used for constructing an end ileostomy and assess its impact on SOO.

Robotic extraperitoneal stoma closure with left hemicolectomy for descending colon cancer following abdominoperineal resection: A case report.

Extraperitoneal colostomy is often selected to reduce the risk of parastomal hernia. However, its closure surgery is rare and seldom reported. Here, we report our unique experience with robotic left hemicolectomy and extraperitoneal colostomy closure.

Visualization of cecal tumor by near-infrared laparoscopy and intraoperative colonoscopy.

Background: In laparoscopic colorectal surgery, accurate localization of a tumor is essential for ensuring an adequate ablative margin. Therefore, a new method, near-infrared laparoscopy combined with intraoperative colonoscopy, was developed for visualizing the contour of a cecal tumor from outside of the bowel. The method was used after it was verified on a model that employed a silicone tube.

Unanticipated pathological clearance in two cases of clinical T4b dMMR/MSI-h advanced colorectal cancer: the potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors despite positive positron-emission tomography results.

Background: The standard treatment for colorectal cancer consists of surgery and chemotherapy, which can be combined to improve outcomes. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are a significant advancement in the standard treatment of metastatic, unresectable colorectal cancer with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR). However, limited data are available about the use of ICI in the neoadjuvant and conversion settings.

Suctionable Gauze Ball Operated by the Console Surgeon Overcomes Wet Scenes during Robotic Rectal Surgery.

Although robotic rectal resections are now widely performed, there are few robotic suction tools that can be easily used by console surgeons. It can therefore be difficult to maintain a clear visual field in the pelvis when there is effusion and bleeding from either a highly advanced cancer or from preoperative cancer treatment. In this report, we introduce our unique surgical technique that uses a soft catheter with a small gauze ball attached, inserted through the assistant port.

[A Case of Transverse Colon Cancer with Gastrointestinal Amyloidosis Prevented from Anastomotic Leakage by Multidimensional Approach].

The patient was a 68-year-old woman who was on hemodialysis due to systemic amyloidosis and nephrotic syndrome. Biopsy revealed amyloid deposition in the stomach, duodenum, and colon. A transverse colon tumor was found on a follow- up CT after the aortic dissection surgery.

Predictive power of isolated high home systolic blood pressure for cardiovascular outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: KAMOGAWA-HBP study.

Aims/introduction: Isolated high home systolic blood pressure (IHHSBP) is a risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, no study has shown an association between IHHSBP and CVD in diabetes. We examined the association between IHHSBP and CVD in type 2 diabetes.

"Role-sharing surgery": a new surgical education system that gives beginner surgeons more chances to operate while ensuring the surgical quality of robotic surgery.

It has been pointed out that robotic surgery is more time-consuming than laparoscopic surgery, and a major challenge for the future is educating young surgeons while maintaining the surgical quality. To solve these problems, we report a role-sharing surgery (RSS) approach in which the surgery is divided into several areas and timetabled, with roles shared by several operators. We performed RSS for 19 standard colorectal cancer surgeries.

Spontaneous regression of advanced transverse colon cancer with deficient mismatch repair: a case report.

Background: Spontaneous regression (SR) of cancer occurs in 1 in 60,000-100,000 patients. This phenomenon has been reported in almost all cancer types, most commonly neuroblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, and lymphoma/leukemia. However, SR in colorectal cancer (CRC) is extremely rare, particularly in advanced cases.

AZD6738 promotes the tumor suppressive effects of trifluridine in colorectal cancer cells.

Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3‑related (ATR) is a kinase that repairs DNA damage. Although inhibitors that selectively target ATR have been developed, their effectiveness in colorectal cancer has not been widely reported. The present study hypothesized that anticancer agents that effectively act in the S phase before the G/M checkpoint may be ideal agents for concomitant use with ATR inhibitors, which act at the G/M checkpoint.

Impact of continued high blood pressure on the progression of diabetic nephropathy after 10 years: KAMOGAWA-HBP study.

Albuminuria is a prognostic marker of worsening renal outcomes in people with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. High home systolic blood pressure is associated with the development of diabetic nephropathy. We assessed the impact of chronic high home blood pressure on diabetic nephropathy progression 10 years after study entry.

Incomplete lymphatic sealing around the inferior mesenteric artery is a risk factor for chylous ascites in robotic rectal cancer surgery.

Introduction: Compared with laparoscopic surgery (LS), robotic surgery (RS) is considered to have acceptable outcomes in rectal cancer, but few reports have focused on chylous ascites in RS. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and etiology of chylous ascites after RS.

Methods: This retrospective study included 291 patients with rectal cancer who underwent RS (n = 165) or LS (n = 126) with high ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA).

Home-measured pulse pressure is a predictor of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: The KAMOGAWA-HBP study.

Background And Aims: Pulse pressure (PP) is a prognostic predictor of cardiovascular mortality. This retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association between home PP measurements and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods And Results: Home blood pressure was measured for 14 consecutive days in 1082 patients with type 2 diabetes, and pulse pressure was calculated.

Maximum home blood pressure and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: KAMOGAWA-HBP study.

Objective: The maximum blood pressure was reported as a possible marker of organ damage. We previously showed that maximum home blood pressure was significantly associated with development of diabetic nephropathy. In the same cohort of patients with diabetes as in the previous study, this study aimed to evaluate the prognostic blood pressure values for the onset of first cardiovascular events.

Diabetic nephropathy ameliorated in patients with normal home blood pressure compared to those with isolated high home systolic blood pressure: A 5-year prospective cohort study among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Using normal home blood pressure (home BP) as a reference, isolated high home systolic blood pressure (IH-home SBP) increases the risk of diabetic nephropathy. However, whether diabetic nephropathy would improve among diabetic patients without IH-home SBP has not been previously assessed.

Methods: This prospective 5-year cohort study of 264 patients with moderate or severe albuminuria investigated the effect of IH-home SBP or normal home BP on the risk of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Robot-assisted laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection with en bloc prostatectomy using the Retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy technique.

Introduction: The best surgical technique for rectal cancer invading the prostate remains controversial. Rectal resection with en bloc prostatectomy using a standard retropubic approach is an option but has disadvantages. We report a new surgical procedure applying Retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.

The Interaction Between Cancer-associated Fibroblasts and Cancer Cells Enhances Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 in Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: The acquisition of resistance to apoptosis is one of the biggest problems in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis with a focus on interleukin (IL)-6 produced by the interaction between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs).

Materials And Methods: DLD-1 and HCT116 cell lines were treated with IL-6 and furthermore co-cultured with CAFs.

ATR inhibitor AZD6738 increases the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to 5‑fluorouracil by inhibiting repair of DNA damage.

The repair of DNA damage caused by chemotherapy in cancer cells occurs mainly at two cell cycle checkpoints (G and G) and is a factor contributing to chemoresistance. Most colorectal cancers harbor mutations in p53, the main pathway involved in the G checkpoint, and thus, are particularly dependent on the G checkpoint for DNA repair. The present study examined the effect of AZD6738, a specific inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia mutated and rad3‑related (ATR) involved in the G checkpoint, combined with 5‑fluorouracil (5‑FU), a central chemotherapeutic agent, on colorectal cancer cells.

Intra-Liver Allograft C3d-Binding Donor-Specific Anti-HLA Antibodies Predict Rejection After Liver Transplantation.

Background: There is no doubt that antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) due to donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (DSA) brings a poor outcome for liver transplant recipients. However, the relationship between intragraft DSA (g-DSA), complement-binding abilities, and AMR remains unknown.

Materials And Methods: We enrolled a total of 20 liver transplant recipients who underwent protocol or episode graft biopsies in the mid to long term after liver transplant (median 48.

Impact of Donor and Recipient Age on Outcomes After Living Donor Liver Transplant.

Background: Living donor liver transplant between elderly donors and recipients has gained popularity, but the effects of their age remain unknown. Our aim is to evaluate the effects of matching by donor and recipient age with special insights into their recovery periods.

Methods: Ninety-five living donor liver transplant pairs, excluding the left lateral segment graft cases, who underwent surgery were enrolled.

Single vs Multiple Arterial Reconstructions in Living Donor Liver Transplant.

Background: It is true that multiple arterial reconstructions are sometimes required in living donor liver transplant (LDLT). However, the best procedure is still controversial regarding arterial reconstruction in liver grafts with multiple arteries.

Methods: A total of 93 patients, 55 right lobe grafts and 38 left lobe grafts, who underwent LDLT at our university from 2003 to 2017 were enrolled for this study.

Chitinase 3-like 1 secreted from cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes tumor angiogenesis via interleukin-8 secretion in colorectal cancer.

The cancer‑stromal interaction has been demonstrated to promote tumor progression, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are the main components of stromal cells, have attracted attention as novel treatment targets. Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) is a chitinase-like protein, which affects cell proliferation and angiogenesis. However, the mechanisms through which cells secrete CHI3L1 and through which CHI3L1 mediates tumor progression in the cancer microenvironment are still unclear.