Altermagnetic lifting of Kramers spin degeneracy.

Lifted Kramers spin degeneracy (LKSD) has been among the central topics of condensed-matter physics since the dawn of the band theory of solids. It underpins established practical applications as well as current frontier research, ranging from magnetic-memory technology to topological quantum matter. Traditionally, LKSD has been considered to originate from two possible internal symmetry-breaking mechanisms.

Discovery and molecular basis of subtype-selective cyclophilin inhibitors.

Although cyclophilins are attractive targets for probing biology and therapeutic intervention, no subtype-selective cyclophilin inhibitors have been described. We discovered novel cyclophilin inhibitors from the in vitro selection of a DNA-templated library of 256,000 drug-like macrocycles for cyclophilin D (CypD) affinity. Iterated macrocycle engineering guided by ten X-ray co-crystal structures yielded potent and selective inhibitors (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) = 10 nM) that bind the active site of CypD and also make novel interactions with non-conserved residues in the S2 pocket, an adjacent exo-site.

Solid Solutions RbNbMoO ( = 1.31-1.625) with Orthorhombic β-Pyrochlore Structure: Thermal Behavior and Electronic Structure of β-Pyrochlores Compounds Based on [Nb(Ta)/Mo] Octahedral Framework.

Solid solutions RbNbMoO ( = 1.31-1.625) having a β-pyrochlore structure with an orthorhombic system were synthesized by solid-state reaction.

Multimodal small-molecule screening for human prion protein binders.

Prion disease is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by misfolding and aggregation of the prion protein (PrP), and there are currently no therapeutic options. PrP ligands could theoretically antagonize prion formation by protecting the native protein from misfolding or by targeting it for degradation, but no validated small-molecule binders have been discovered to date. We deployed a variety of screening methods in an effort to discover binders of PrP, including F-observed and saturation transfer difference (STD) NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF), DNA-encoded library selection, and screening.

Optical Characterization of AsTe Films Grown by Plasma Deposition Based on the Advanced Optimizing Envelope Method.

Three AsTe films with different x and dissimilar average thickness are characterized mainly from one interference transmittance spectrum ( = 300 to 3000 nm) of such film on a substrate based on the advanced optimizing envelope method (AOEM). A simple dual transformation of () is proposed and used for increasing the accuracy of computation of its envelopes () and () accounting for the significant glass substrate absorption especially for > 2500 nm. The refractive index () of AsTe and AsTe films is determined with a relative error <0.

Reductive Amination in the Synthesis of Pharmaceuticals.

Reductive amination plays a paramount role in pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry owing to its synthetic merits and the ubiquitous presence of amines among biologically active compounds. It is one of the key approaches to C-N bond construction due to its operational easiness and a wide toolbox of protocols. Recent studies show that at least a quarter of C-N bond-forming reactions in the pharmaceutical industry are performed via reductive amination.

Author Correction: Second-generation DNA-templated macrocycle libraries for the discovery of bioactive small molecules.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

[The use of videooculography in schizophrenia].

Aim: To study characteristics of oculomotor movements in schizophrenia.

Material And Methods: Oculomotor characteristics of 30 patients with diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia and 20 people of the control group were measured.

Results And Conclusion: Parameters of specific eye movements, which are characteristic of this disease, have been identified.

Real-time technique for conversion of skin temperature into skin blood flow: human skin as a low-pass filter for thermal waves.

Monitoring of skin blood flow oscillations related with mechanical activity of vessels is a very useful modality during diagnosis of peripheral hemodynamic disorders. In this study, we developed a new model and technique for real-time conversion of skin temperature into skin blood flow oscillations, and vice versa. The technique is based on the analogy between the thermal properties of the human skin and electrical properties of the special low-pass filter.

[Biopotentials of the urinary bladder during functional load].

Unlabelled: The study aimed to investigate the specific bioelectrical activity of the urinary bladder walls at a functional load.

Materials And Methods: The study comprised five subjects aged 18-22 years who had no diseases of the urinary system. Participants signed an informed consent form before entering the study, which was approved by the Ethics Committee of our organization.

Atom- and Step-Economical Ruthenium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Esters from Aldehydes or Ketones and Carboxylic Acids.

We developed a ruthenium-catalyzed reductive ester synthesis from aldehydes or ketones and carboxylic acids using carbon monoxide as a deoxygenative agent. Multiple factors influencing the outcome of the reaction were investigated. Best results were obtained for commercially available and inexpensive benzene ruthenium chloride; as low as 0.

Second-generation DNA-templated macrocycle libraries for the discovery of bioactive small molecules.

DNA-encoded libraries have emerged as a widely used resource for the discovery of bioactive small molecules, and offer substantial advantages compared with conventional small-molecule libraries. Here, we have developed and streamlined multiple fundamental aspects of DNA-encoded and DNA-templated library synthesis methodology, including computational identification and experimental validation of a 20 × 20 × 20 × 80 set of orthogonal codons, chemical and computational tools for enhancing the structural diversity and drug-likeness of library members, a highly efficient polymerase-mediated template library assembly strategy, and library isolation and purification methods. We have integrated these improved methods to produce a second-generation DNA-templated library of 256,000 small-molecule macrocycles with improved drug-like physical properties.

Infrared and Raman spectroscopy study of AsS chalcogenide films prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition.

AsS chalcogenide films, where As content is 60-40at.%, have been prepared via a RF non-equilibrium low-temperature argon plasma discharge, using volatile As and S as the precursors. Optical properties of the films were studied in UV-visible-NIR region in the range from 0.

Hydrogen-free reductive amination using iron pentacarbonyl as a reducing agent.

We developed solvent-free reductive amination without an external hydrogen source using iron pentacarbonyl as a reducing agent. Neither a catalyst nor any other additives were employed. Various types of substrates are suitable for the reaction, including those with low reactivity, e.

Investigation of the composition-structure-property relationship of AsTe films prepared by plasma deposition.

AsTe amorphous films of different chemical content were prepared by Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD). For the first time the optical properties of As-Te chalcogenide materials have been measured in UV-VIS-IR ranges (from 0.2 to 25μm) for a very wide range of chemical compositions (20-80at.

Dichotomy of Atom-Economical Hydrogen-Free Reductive Amidation vs Exhaustive Reductive Amination.

Rh-catalyzed one-step reductive amidation of aldehydes has been developed. The protocol does not require an external hydrogen source and employs carbon monoxide as a deoxygenative agent. The direction of the reaction can be altered simply by changing the solvent: reaction in THF leads to amides, whereas methanol favors formation of tertiary amines.

Reductive amination catalyzed by iridium complexes using carbon monoxide as a reducing agent.

Development of novel, sustainable catalytic methodologies to provide access to amines represents a goal of fundamental importance. Herein we describe a systematic study for the construction of a variety of amines catalyzed by a well-defined homogeneous iridium complex using carbon monoxide as a reducing agent. The methodology was shown to be compatible with functional groups prone to reduction by hydrogen or complex hydrides.

[The influence of alternating magnetic field on in vitro litholysis of uroliths in blemaren water solutions].

Unlabelled: THE AIM OF THE RESEARCH: increase of efficiency of urolith in vitro solution using water Blemaren medication solutions after their exposure to 2 Hz alternating magnetic field.

Materials And Methods: water solution of Blemaren medication with pH=6,15 in concentrations corresponding to single portion of medication (1 tablet m=3,5282 g per 250 ml of water) and uroliths (oxalates, urates including uncommon xanthine calculi). Composition of calculi was determined by means of X-ray tests and IR spectroscopy.

Thermography-based blood flow imaging in human skin of the hands and feet: a spectral filtering approach.

The determination of the relationship between skin blood flow and skin temperature dynamics is the main problem in thermography-based blood flow imaging. Oscillations in skin blood flow are the source of thermal waves propagating from micro-vessels toward the skin's surface, as assumed in this study. This hypothesis allows us to use equations for the attenuation and dispersion of thermal waves for converting the temperature signal into the blood flow signal, and vice versa.

Dichotomy of Reductive Addition of Amines to Cyclopropyl Ketones vs Pyrrolidine Synthesis.

An interesting catalytic dichotomy was discovered: switching between simple ligand-free catalysts leads to fundamentally different outcomes of reductive reaction between amines and α-carbonylcyclopropanes. Whereas a rhodium catalyst leads to the traditional reductive amination product, ruthenium catalysis enables a novel reaction of pyrrolidine synthesis via ring expansion. The protocols do not require an external hydrogen source and employ carbon monoxide as a deoxygenative agent.

The synthesis of sterically hindered amines by a direct reductive amination of ketones.

An atom-economical methodology for the synthesis of sterically hindered tertiary amines was developed, which is based on complementary Rh- and Ru-catalyzed direct reductive amination of ketones with primary and secondary amines using carbon monoxide as a deoxygenating agent.

[CHARACTERISTICS OF THE URETER CONTRACTIONS IN CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC PYELONEPHRITIS].

The article presents results of electrophysiological study of the function of the ureter in the frequency range of 0.6-35 Hz, conducted in 100 children aged 5 to 13 years with chronic pyelonephritis. Data of 35 healthy people were used as a control.

Ruthenium-catalyzed reductive amination without an external hydrogen source.

A ruthenium-catalyzed reductive amination without an external hydrogen source has been developed using carbon monoxide as the reductant and ruthenium(III) chloride (0.008-2 mol %) as the catalyst. The method was applied to the synthesis of antianxiety agent ladasten.