Costs Associated with Adverse Drug Reactions Among HIV/TB Patients in Thailand.

Purpose: To assess the direct and indirect costs associated with adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in patients receiving treatment regimens for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and tuberculosis (TB) in selected Thai hospitals.

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted between October 2014 and September 2019 at three public hospitals in Thailand. Data were obtained from a medical database and spontaneous ADR reporting system of each study site.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of thiazolidinediones in uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients receiving sulfonylureas and metformin in Thailand.

Objective: The national essential drug committee in Thailand suggested that only one of thiazolidinediones be included in hospital formulary but little was know about their cost-effectiveness values. This study aims to determine an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of pioglitazone 45 mg compared with rosiglitazone 8 mg in uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients receiving sulfonylureas and metformin in Thailand.

Methods: A Markov diabetes model (Center for Outcome Research model) was used in this study.