Efficacy of Enzalutamide Rechallenge for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Objective: There have been several reports on rechallenge with docetaxel, cabazitaxel, abiraterone acetate, or ethinylestradiol for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, the efficacy of enzalutamide rechallenge for mCRPC has not been evaluated.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 63 consecutive patients who received enzalutamide for mCRPC at our institution between 2014 and 2022.

[IMPACT OF MEMBRANOUS URETHRAL LENGTH IN DE NOVO STRESS URINARY INCONTINENCE FOLLOWING HOLMIUM LASER ENUCLEATION OF THE PROSTATE].

(Purpose) Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) is widely performed in recent years; however, difficulties of surgical techniques and high frequency of postoperative stress urinary incontinence (SUI) remain as significant problems. We determined the predictive factors for de novo SUI after HoLEP. (Patients and methods) A total of 303 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent HoLEP were retrospectively evaluated between July 2013 and April 2019.

Small Heat Shock Protein Beta-1 (HSPB1) Is Upregulated and Regulates Autophagy and Apoptosis of Renal Tubular Cells in Acute Kidney Injury.

Background: Heat shock protein beta-1 (HSPB1, also known as HSP27) is a small heat shock protein involved in many cellular processes and reportedly protects cells against oxidative stress. Autophagy protects cells from many types of stress and is thought to play a key role in preventing stress in acute kidney injury (AKI). However, little is known about the role of HSPB1 in autophagy and apoptosis in the pathogenesis of AKI.

Sestrin-2 and BNIP3 regulate autophagy and mitophagy in renal tubular cells in acute kidney injury.

Autophagy is a cellular recycling process induced in response to many types of stress. However, little is known of the signaling pathways that regulate autophagy during acute kidney injury (AKI). Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa-interacting protein (BNIP)3 and sestrin-2 are the target proteins of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and p53, respectively.