Selected CNR1 polymorphisms and hyperandrogenemia as well as fat mass and fat distribution in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

The endocannabinoid system is postulated to play an important role in the etiology of obesity, insulin resistance, fat distribution and metabolic disorders. Insulin resistance associated with abdominal obesity plays a leading role in the etiology of hyperandrogenism and other clinical features of the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). A total of 174 women 16-38 years old, diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria are recruited.

Thyroidectomy in children: changing trends and surgical strategies.

Background: Surgical thyroid pathology is an uncommon problem in children and due to environmental factors may be locally-specific. Until the mid-90's, Lower Silesia had been regarded as a region of endemic goiter but since then a better system of iodine prophylaxis has been introduced.

Objectives: To assess changing trends in the epidemiology of surgical thyroid diseases in children and to examine whether they have influenced potential alterations of operative strategies during the study period.

Esophageal atresia and anal atresia in a newborn with heterotaxia combined with other congenital defects.

Heterotaxia (HTX) is a heterogeneous group of laterality defects characterized by abnormal discordance of asymmetric thoracic and abdominal organs. Esophageal anomalies occur rarely in HTX cases although additional defects associated with esophageal atresia are common. We report on a rare case of a neonate with HTX and multiple congenital malformations as well as specific facial dysmorphism, corresponding only to a few cases described in literature.

Electrocoagulation versus clips in laparoscopic varicocelectomy in boys.

Introduction: Varicocele occurs in about 15% of adolescents, but it is hardly ever noticed in children under 10 years old. Surgical treatment in adolescents is still controversial.

Objectives: The aim of this work was to assess the outcome of laparoscopic varicoelectomy by using electrocoagulation versus clips.

Late-presenting congenital diaphragmatic hernia in children: a literature review.

This is a review of 122 articles published until December 2003 that describe 349 children with late-presenting postero-lateral congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Data regarding pre-operative diagnostic work-up were adequately reported in 177 patients with left CDH and in 41 with a right-sided defect. Chest radiography was the only diagnostic study in 92 (51.

[Role of total bladder resection and reconstructive surgery in children with soft tissue sarcomas--three clinical cases)].

Soft tissue tumors of the lower genitourinary tract in children require a multidisciplinary treatment. The international CWS-91 and CWS-96 protocols established the second-look operation as a control procedure. One of the surgical options is a total cystectomy followed by the subsequent genitourinary reconstruction.

Primary neurilemmoma of the thyroid gland in a 12-year-old girl.

A case of a neurilemmoma of the thyroid gland in a 12-year-old girl is reported. The tumor was noted as a asymptomatic left lower neck swelling 9 months before admission. Ultrasound scan showed the solid lesion of predominantly hypoechoic structure measuring 17.