The cost efficiency of HPV vaccines is significantly underestimated due to omission of conisation-associated prematurity with neonatal mortality and morbidity.

Introduction: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) represents the precursor of invasive cervical cancer and is associated with human papillomavirus infection (HPV) against which two vaccines have been approved in the last years. Standard treatments of high-grade CIN are conisation procedures, which are associated with an increased risk of subsequent pregnancy complications like premature delivery and possible subsequent life-long disability. HPV vaccination has therefore the potential to decrease neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Variations in the Elasticity of Breast Tissue During the Menstrual Cycle Determined by Real-time Sonoelastography.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the dependence of breast tissue elasticity on the menstrual cycle of healthy volunteers by means of real-time sonoelastography.

Methods: Twenty-two healthy volunteers (aged 18-33 years) were examined once weekly during two consecutive menstrual cycles using sonoelastography. Group 1 (n= 10) was not taking hormonal medication; group 2 (n = 12) was taking oral contraceptives.

Aromatase inhibitors as solely treatment in postmenopausal breast cancer patients.

Several studies evaluating the clinical effectiveness of endocrine therapy alone in breast cancer patients aged 70 years or older reported comparable survival rates to conventional surgical therapy, although the incidence of local recurrences was higher. Primary endocrine therapy is therefore only recommended as an alternative approach in elderly woman with estrogen receptor positive tumors who are deemed inoperable or who refuse surgery. We report our experience with aromatase inhibitors as primary endocrine therapy for estrogen receptor positive breast cancer in postmenopausal woman who are impaired by other diseases, refuse surgery or are of old age.

The Automated Breast Volume Scanner (ABVS): initial experiences in lesion detection compared with conventional handheld B-mode ultrasound: a pilot study of 50 cases.

The idea of an automated whole breast ultrasound was developed three decades ago. We present our initial experiences with the latest technical advance in this technique, the automated breast volume scanner (ABVS) ACUSON S2000(™). Volume data sets were collected from 50 patients and a database containing 23 women with no detectable lesions in conventional ultrasound (BI-RADS(®)-US 1), 13 women with clearly benign lesions (BI-RADS(®)-US 2), and 14 women with known breast cancer (BI-RADS(®)-US 5) was created.

Optimizing breast cancer follow-up: diagnostic value and costs of additional routine breast ultrasound.

A total of 2,546,325 breast cancer survivors are estimated to live in the United States. The organized breast cancer follow-up programs do not generally include breast ultrasound in asymptomatic women. The purpose of our prospective study was to investigate the efficacy of breast ultrasound in detecting previously occult recurrences.

Identification of differentially expressed microRNAs in human male breast cancer.

Background: The discovery of small non-coding RNAs and the subsequent analysis of microRNA expression patterns in human cancer specimens have provided completely new insights into cancer biology. Genetic and epigenetic data indicate oncogenic or tumor suppressor function of these pleiotropic regulators. Therefore, many studies analyzed the expression and function of microRNA in human breast cancer, the most frequent malignancy in females.

Organ-preserving and reconstructive microsurgery of the fallopian tubes in tubal infertility: still an alternative to in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Tubal infertility mostly results from infections. Conception only is possible through complex treatments (in vitro fertilization or surgery). Success cannot be guaranteed, even after repeated treatments.

Quality of life and satisfaction after breast cancer operation.

Purpose: To investigate the quality of life and satisfaction after different operations in patients with breast cancer, which are breast conserving therapy (BCT), mastectomy and reconstruction after breast BCT or mastectomy.

Materials And Methods: 180 patients with breast cancer who were operated from January 2005 to October 2006 were chosen. They presented without local or distant metastasis in this period of time and were asked to complete the EORTC quality of life questionnaire (QLQ-C30), the EORTC breast cancer module questionnaire (QLQ-BR23) and a specific questionnaire regarding satisfaction of postoperative results designed by ourselves.

Association between women's self-diagnosis of labor and labor duration after admission.

Aims: To examine the association between women's perception of onset and the duration of labor after hospital admission.

Methods: Women whose labor started spontaneously at term, delivering at the Hannover Medical School Hospital, Germany, between 2001 and 2004 were asked when and how labor had started. Answers were analyzed using structured content analysis.

Reconstructive, organ-preserving microsurgery in tubal infertility: still an alternative to in vitro fertilization.

In this retrospective study, we observed a total of 553 patients with tubal infertility who underwent microsurgical reconstructive surgery of the fallopian tubes (including adhesiolysis, anastomosis, fimbrioplasty, salpingostomy, and refertilization after former sterilization). The pregnancy (43.4%) and birth (29.