The influence of surgery and intraocular lens implantation timing on visual outcome in traumatic cataract.

Purpose: To compare the visual outcome of primary versus secondary traumatic cataract extraction and primary versus secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.

Methods: The medical charts of consecutive patients who developed cataract following open and closed-globe injuries and were referred to our institute were reviewed. The best-corrected visual acuity of the patients who underwent primary and secondary cataract extraction and those with primary and secondary IOL implantation was assessed at presentation and at the end of the follow-up.

Persistent epithelial defects and ulcers in repeated corneal transplantation: incidence, causative agents, predisposing factors and treatment outcomes.

Purpose: To evaluate the occurrence, predisposing factors and outcome of persistent epithelial defects and ulcers complicating repeated corneal transplants.

Methods: The charts of all the patients that underwent repeated corneal transplantation between 1985 and 1998 were retrospectively reviewed for the presence of persistent epithelial defects and ulcers. The repeated corneal transplantation group included 122 regrafts performed in 80 patients.

Spontaneous subperiosteal orbital hemorrhage following thrombolytic therapy for myocardial infarction.

A 60-year-old man experienced right orbital pain, periorbital swelling, and double vision 2 hours after treatment with streptokinase and heparin for myocardial infarction. Orbital CT revealed a right superior subperiosteal orbital hemorrhage. Conservative management in the absence of visual compromise was sufficient, as his symptoms and signs resolved completely in approximately 6 weeks with no recurrence during 6 months of follow-up.

The spectrum of iatrogenic intraocular injuries caused by inadvertent cannula release during anterior segment surgery.

Objective: To evaluate the causes of inadvertent intraocular injuries resulting from the use of cannulas during anterior segment surgery. Method Retrospective review of all cases with inadvertent release of irrigation and viscoelastic cannulas during anterior segment surgery in 15 years.

Results: Inadvertent release of cannulas occurred in 9 of 10 230 cases of anterior segment surgery during a 15-year period.

Intraoperative enoxaparin minimizes inflammatory reaction after pediatric cataract surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of intraocular infusion of enoxaparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin, on postoperative inflammatory response in pediatric cataract surgery.

Design: Prospective, comparative, consecutive interventional case series.

Methods: Seventeen consecutive eyes (11 patients) underwent pediatric cataract surgery in two tertiary medical centers.

Orbital hydatid cyst manifested as expanding exophthalmos following blunt orbital trauma.

A 14-year-old boy suffered right blunt orbital trauma. X-ray revealed a compressed fracture of the right ethmoidal sinuses. Three months after the trauma, progressive, painless right proptosis developed.

Devastating endophthalmitis following penetrating ocular injury during night sleep from orthodontic headgear: case report and literature review.

Background: Complications associated with the use of extra-oral traction devices (orthodontic headgear or facebow) including facial and ocular injuries, are considered infrequent.

Methods: We describe the case of a 12-year-old boy who was inadvertently injured by the metallic bow of orthodontic headgear during sleep and developed blinding intra-ocular infection (endophthalmitis).

Results: The injury resulted in corneal perforation.

The course of epiphora after failure of silicone intubation for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction.

Background: One of the indications for dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in children with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) is failure of silicone intubation. We evaluated the course of epiphora after failure of silicone intubation for CNLDO when DCR was not performed.

Methods: In a comparative cohort study carried out at a tertiary referral center, ten eyes of seven consecutive children who had failure of silicone intubation manifested as persistent epiphora over 2 months and whose parents refused DCR were followed up for an average of 50.

Secondary gelatinous-like keratopathy in corneal graft.

Purpose: To describe the appearance of gelatinous-like keratopathy in a corneal graft.

Methods: A 42-year-old healthy white man underwent phacoemulsification and placement of a posterior chamber intraocular lens. After the procedure, he developed pseudophakic bullous keratopathy and underwent 2 subsequent corneal transplantations because of failure of the primary corneal graft.

The prevalence and risk factors for donor corneal button contamination and its association with ocular infection after transplantation.

Background: One of the most serious complications of corneal transplantation is postoperative ocular infection, which may result in loss of the eye. Contamination of the donor corneal button before transplantation may result in such complication.

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of donor corneal button contamination, the spectrum of the contaminating microorganisms, and their sensitivity to antimicrobial agents.

Congenital eyelid imbrication syndrome.

Purpose: To describe congenital eyelid imbrication syndrome and its possible pathophysiology.

Design: Clinical observational case report.

Methods: A full-term newborn was examined after a vaginal delivery and uneventful pregnancy.

The expression of hepatitis-C virus antigen by immunohistochemical stain and polymerase chain reaction in corneas of seropositive corneal donors.

Background: Of the donor corneas rejected for transplantation, the largest group is that from donors testing seropositive for hepatitis C virus (HCV). In situations of severe shortage in supply of donor corneal tissue, we may consider the use of seropositive donors for transplantation if we can prove with high certainty the absence of HCV RNA in the donor corneal tissue. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a highly sensitive and specific technique for direct detection of HCV RNA and can be used for this purpose.

Central retinal artery occlusion after peribulbar anesthesia.

We describe the development of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) in 2 patients after peribulbar (periconal) anesthesia during uneventful phacoemulsification. Although peribulbar anesthesia avoids direct optic-nerve injury, indirect injury presenting as CRAO may occur from vasospasm in response to the injection.

Visual functions following recovery from non-arteritic central retinal artery occlusion.

Background And Objective: Visual acuity and other visual functions may improve following treatment of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). A prospective, noncomparative case series study was conducted to investigate patients' visual functions after treatment of non-arteritic CRAO.

Patients And Methods: Eight consecutive patients whose visual acuity improved following successful systematic treatment protocol for non-arteritic CRAO of less than 48 hours (one of them with patent cilioretinal artery) were evaluated for visual functions.

Central serous chorioretinopathy associated with retinitis pigmentosa.

Macular changes may appear in retinitis pigmentosa patients and include macular atrophy, cystoid macular edema, retinal cysts, and holes. However, other primary macular diseases have not been described in patients with retinitis pigmentosa, probably because of atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the overlying retina. We present a 35-year-old patient whose first symptom was an acute decrease in visual acuity due to central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).

Diode laser thermal keratoplasty to correct hyperopia.

Purpose: We investigated long-term efficacy, predictability, stability, and safety of diode laser thermal keratoplasty (DTK) to correct hyperopia.

Methods: DTK was performed on 24 eyes (18 patients). Eight eyes with high hyperopia (mean +4.

Detachment of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To report the entity of partial detachment and folding of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in age-related macular degeneration (ARMD).

Design: Interventional case reports.

Methods: Review of the features of CNV detachment in two patients with CNV due to ARMD by contact lens slit-lamp biomicroscopy, fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography, and three-dimensional confocal scanning laser indocyanine green (ICG) angiography.

Preexisting and postoperative glaucoma in repeated corneal transplantation.

Purpose: To evaluate the incidence, risk factors, management, and visual outcome of postoperative glaucoma in comparison with preexisting glaucoma in repeated corneal transplantation.

Methods: The charts of all the patients who underwent repeated corneal transplantation between 1985 and 1998 were reviewed for the occurrence of preexisting and postoperative glaucoma. Eighty patients underwent 122 repeated corneal transplantations, of which six underwent surgery in both eyes.