The baked side: Cow's milk and egg protein threshold dose distributions in children reacting to baked milk and baked egg.

Background: Children allergic to milk and egg, but tolerant to baked products, display higher reactivity thresholds than the general population of children allergic to milk and egg. We sought to verify the reactivity thresholds of milk- and egg-allergic children who also react to baked milk and baked egg, respectively.

Methods: We retrospectively assessed consecutive oral food challenge (OFC) for baked milk and egg between January 2018 and March 2022 in a population of baked milk- and baked-egg allergic children.

Extra Virgin Olive Oil from Stoned Olives with Oxygen Supply during Processing: Impact on Volatile and Phenolic Fraction and Sensory Characteristics.

The improvement of the extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) extraction process involves the proper management of endogenous enzymes of the olive fruit and all the technological conditions that can affect their activities. Coratina and Peranzana cultivars were processed to assess the influence of different technologies for fruit breaking (crushing and stoning) with and without controlled oxygen addition during this critical phase. The study of volatile compounds revealed that the enzymes that are responsible for their genesis during the technological process were significantly affected by oxygen addition in both the systems of fruit crushing.

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) production for food packaging from biomass derived carbohydrates by cupriavidus necator DSM 545.

The extensive utilization of conventional plastics has resulted in a concerning surge in waste. A potential solution lies in biodegradable polymers mostly derived from renewable sources. Cupriavidus necator DSM 545 is a microorganism capable, under stress conditions, of intracellularly accumulating Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), a bio-polyester.

Carotenoids from Different Pumpkin Varieties Exert a Cytotoxic Effect on Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells.

Plants, including pumpkins ( spp.), are an interesting source of nutrients and bioactives with various health benefits. In this research, carotenoid extracts obtained from the pulp of eight pumpkin varieties, belonging to the and species, were tested for cytotoxicity on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.

Baby Foods: 9 Out of 62 Exceed the Reference Limits for Acrylamide.

Acrylamide (AA) is a contaminant resulting from the Maillard reaction and classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a probable carcinogen in Group 2A, with proven neurotoxic effects on humans. European Union (EU) Regulation No. 2017/2158 is currently in force, which establishes measures meant to reduce AA levels in food and sets reference values, but not legal limits, equal to 40 and 150 μg/kg AA in processed cereal-based foods intended for infants and young children and in biscuits and rusks, respectively.

The Role of Combined Muscle Ultrasound and Bioimpedentiometry Parameters for Sarcopenia Diagnosis in a Population of Hospitalized Older Adults.

Background: For the study of quantitative and qualitative muscle parameters, ultrasound and bioelectric impedance analysis are reliable, non-invasive, and reproducible. The aim of this study was to test the combined role of those techniques for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in a population of hospitalized older males and females.

Methods: A total of 70 subjects were recruited, including 10 healthy adults and 60 hospitalized elderly patients with a good level of independence and cooperation, with and without sarcopenia.

Perspectives in the validation of DEFASE: a paradigm shift in food allergy management.

Purpose Of Review: To explore the groundbreaking international consensus on the DEFASE (DEfinition of Food Allergy Severity) project as a revolutionary grading system for IgE-mediated food allergy severity. Against the backdrop of the growing public health challenge posed by food allergy, this article delves into the importance of validating and implementing DEFASE in real-world clinical settings.

Recent Findings: With new therapeutic options available for food allergy, including biologics alongside immunotherapy, it is urgent to properly support clinical decision-making in the management of the disease.

Perspectives in precautionary allergen labelling of prepackaged foods after the FAO/WHO consultation.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the perspectives regarding precautionary allergen labelling (PAL) of prepackaged foods following the consultation conducted by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the WHO.

Recent Findings: The FAO/WHO consultation provided a comprehensive assessment of the current status and practices of PAL implementation worldwide. One of the key findings highlighted by the Expert Committee was the need for improvement in existing PAL systems.

Botanical Impurities in the Supply Chain: A New Allergenic Risk Exacerbated by Geopolitical Challenges.

Background: The supply chains of food raw materials have recently been heavily influenced by geopolitical events. Products that came from, or transited through, areas currently in conflict are now preferentially supplied from alternative areas. These changes may entail risks for food safety.

Sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and arterial stiffness among older adults.

Background: Aging is associated with a higher prevalence of sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity (SO), and increased arterial stiffening, with possible detrimental effects on morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the relationships between sarcopenia, SO, and different indexes of arterial stiffness in older adults.

Methods: A total of 77 hospitalized patients (mean age 78.

Predictors of hospital readmission rate in geriatric patients.

Background: Hospital readmissions among older adults are associated with progressive functional worsening, increased institutionalization and mortality.

Aim: Identify the main predictors of readmission in older adults.

Methods: We examined readmission predictors in 777 hospitalized subjects (mean age 84.

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis and eosinophilic esophagitis: A rare combination?

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a bilateral ocular inflammatory disease with a conjunctival and corneal involvement and typical onset during childhood. Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic disease characterized by eosinophilic inflammation of the mucosa (≥15 eosinophils/HPF) and symptoms of esophageal dysfunction. EoE and VKC are both immune-mediated diseases sharing a similar pathogenetic mechanism and a high association with other allergic diseases.

Evaluation of the Effect of an Olive Phenolic Extract on the Secondary Shelf Life of a Fresh Pesto.

Recent advances in the olive oil sector aim to develop sustainable strategies for the valorisation of mechanical extraction co-products as a rich source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. In this work, we studied the effectiveness of a phenolic extract (PE) from olive vegetation water (OVW) as a new antioxidant of natural origin for improving the quality and extending the secondary shelf life (SSL) of a fresh basil pesto sold as a served loose product at the deli counter, simulating the storage conditions after packaging, opening, and serving. For that, the PE was mixed with the oily phase of fresh pesto in two different concentrations and compared to a control pesto (CTRL) made with the addition of common additives (ascorbic acid (E300) and sorbic acid (E200)).

Characterization of Olive Fruit Damage Induced by Invasive .

The brown marmorated stink bug, (Stål), is an invasive species causing economic crop losses. This species was recently detected attacking olive fruits. The aim of this study was to characterize feeding damage.

Valorization of Pumpkin Byproducts: Antioxidant Activity and Carotenoid Characterization of Extracts from Peel and Filaments.

Pumpkin ( sp.) represents an unquestionable source of valuable nutrients and bioactive compounds having a broad spectrum of health-promoting effects. The goal of this work was to characterize the byproducts (peels and filaments) of different pumpkin varieties belonging to (Butternut, Lunga di Napoli, Moscata di Provenza, and Violina rugosa) and (Delica, Delica vanity, Hokkaido, and Mantovana) species in terms of total carotenoid content, antioxidant activity, and carotenoid profiling.

Myocardial Fibrosis and Steatosis in Patients with Aortic Stenosis: Roles of Myostatin and Ceramides.

Aortic stenosis (AS) involves progressive valve obstruction and a remodeling response of the left ventriculum (LV) with systolic and diastolic dysfunction. The roles of interstitial fibrosis and myocardial steatosis in LV dysfunction in AS have not been completely characterized. We enrolled 31 patients (19 women and 12 men) with severe AS undergoing elective aortic valve replacement.

Antituberculosis drug-induced non-blistering systemic severe reactions: A 10-year (2012-2022) literature review.

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) and drug-induced liver injury (DILI) can hamper therapeutic strategy, contribute to multiple drug resistance and serious public health burden. Diagnosis (including allergy assessment) and management of these two severe hypersensitivity reactions in clinical practice are somewhat difficult and published scientific evidence is rather weak and limited. The first step is always represented by stopping all anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs, treating reaction with systemic corticosteroids, and identifying the offending drug, even if it is often complicated by the patient's simultaneous intake of antibiotics.

Evaluation of the impact on hospitalization risk of an electronic pill-box to promote therapeutic adherence in post-acute care setting: a pilot study.

Literature review reveals that adherence to prescribed therapy at hospital discharge averages around 50%. The purpose of this study was to evaluate adherence to prescribed therapy assessing the relationship between re-hospitalization rate at 30 days and degree of therapeutic adherence in a sample of elderly patients discharged from an acute geriatric ward using an Electronic Medication Packaging device, MePill. The study population (n = 56) was divided in 3 groups, a counseling group (A), a counseling + MePill device group (B) and a control group (C).

Reactivity to allergenic food contaminants: A study on products on the market.

Background: The frequency and severity of reactions in food-allergic consumers exposed to unintentional food allergen contamination during production is unknown. To warn allergic consumers, it has been suggested for pre-packaged foods to be precautionary labelled when the food allergen contamination may exceed the amount to which 1%-5% of the population could react (ED01-ED05). ED01 for hazelnut and milk have been estimated at 0.

Potential of the Oxidized Form of the Oleuropein Aglycon to Monitor the Oil Quality Evolution of Commercial Extra-Virgin Olive Oils.

The quality of commercially available extra-virgin olive oils (VOOs) of different chemical compositions was evaluated as a function of storage (12 months), simulating market storage conditions, to find reliable and early markers of the virgin olive oil (VOOs) quality status in the market. By applying a D-optimal design using the Most Descriptive Compound (MDC) algorithm, 20 virgin olive oils were selected. The initial concentrations of oleic acid, hydrophilic phenols, and α-tocopherol in the 20 VOOs ranged from 58.

The Role of Ultrasound Muscle Parameters for Myosteatosis and Myofibrosis Measurement in Young, Older, and Obese Subjects.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare quantitative and qualitative ultrasound parameters between healthy young adults and post-acute hospitalized older adults with and without physical disability, as well as between normal weight and overweight/obese persons.

Design: Cross-sectional observational study.

Setting And Participants: A total of 120 individuals were recruited: 24 healthy young adults, 24 normal weight and 24 overweight/obese community-dwelling adults, and 48 post-acute hospitalized older adults with different degrees of functional autonomy.

Senescent adipocytes as potential effectors of muscle cells dysfunction: An in vitro model.

Recently, there has been a growing body of evidence showing a negative effect of the white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction on the skeletal muscle function and quality. However, little is known about the effects of senescent adipocytes on muscle cells. Therefore, to explore potential mechanisms involved in age-related loss of muscle mass and function, we performed an in vitro experiment using conditioned medium obtained from cultures of mature and aged 3 T3-L1 adipocytes, as well as from cultures of dysfunctional adipocytes exposed to oxidative stress or high insulin doses, to treat C2C12 myocytes.

Food-labeling issues for severe food-allergic consumers.

Purpose Of Review: Food label represent the primary and only source of information before consuming a food product. Deputy government agencies on five continents require allergenic ingredients to be declared when used in prepackaged foods to assist patients in identifying allergenic foods and to help them to choose wisely. Unfortunately, the mandatory allergen list and legislation regarding food labels and reference doses is not uniform and varies by country.