Decitabine Inhibits Bone Resorption in Periodontitis by Upregulating Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines and Suppressing Osteoclastogenesis.

DNA methylation controls several inflammatory genes affecting bone homeostasis. Hitherto, inhibition of DNA methylation in vivo in the context of periodontitis and osteoclastogenesis has not been attempted. Ligature-induced periodontitis in C57BL/6J mice was induced by placing ligature for five days with Decitabine (5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine) (1 mg/kg/day) or vehicle treatment.

Combined application of geranylgeranylacetone and amelogenin promotes angiogenesis and wound healing in human periodontal ligament cells.

Amelogenin directly binds to glucose-regulated protein 78 (Grp78). Cell migration activity is expected to increase when human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) overexpressing Grp78 are treated with amelogenin. Geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) is a drug that induces the expression of heat shock protein and is routinely used to treat gastric ulcers.

Exosomes from TNF-α-treated human gingiva-derived MSCs enhance M2 macrophage polarization and inhibit periodontal bone loss.

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosome plays a central role in the cell-free therapeutics involving MSCs and the contents can be customized under disease-associated microenvironments. However, optimal MSC-preconditioning to enhance its therapeutic potential is largely unknown. Here, we show that preconditioning of gingival tissue-derived MSCs (GMSCs) with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is ideal for the treatment of periodontitis.

Amelogenin Downregulates Interferon Gamma-Induced Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Expression Through Suppression of Euchromatin Formation in the Class II Transactivator Promoter IV Region in Macrophages.

Enamel matrix derivatives (EMDs)-based periodontal tissue regenerative therapy is known to promote healing with minimal inflammatory response after periodontal surgery, i. e., it promotes wound healing with reduced pain and swelling.

Amelogenin induces M2 macrophage polarisation via PGE2/cAMP signalling pathway.

Objectives: Amelogenin, the major component of the enamel matrix derivative (EMD), has been suggested as a bioactive candidate for periodontal regeneration. Apart from producing a regenerative effect on periodontal tissues, amelogenin has also been reported to have an anti-inflammatory effect. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear.

Roles of serum in innate immune responses of human leukocytes to synthetic lipopeptide.

Tripalmitoyl-S-glyceryl-l-Cys-Ser-(Lys) (PamCSK) is a highly conserved molecular motif found in various classes of lipoproteins. The requirement for leukocyte to respond to synthetic PamCSK were studied. PamCSK primed neutrophils for a respiratory burst in a serum-dependent manner.

Adhesion attenuates respiratory burst induced by different modes of triggering in resting or LPS-primed neutrophils.

The effects of adherence on neutrophil superoxide anion (O) generation triggered by surface, soluble ligand, or adherence were studied. Resting-neutrophils adhered to the uncoated tubes resulting in O generation, but not on plasma-, fibrinogen-, vitronectin-, fibronectin-, laminin-, collagen-, or poly HEMA-coated surfaces. Enhanced N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-stimulated O generation by LPS-primed-neutrophils was induced by the incubation on plasma, fibrinogen, vitronectin, fibronectin, or laminin in the absence of Mg.

Investigation of the functional role of human Interleukin-8 gene haplotypes by CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome editing.

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) gene polymorphisms have been considered as susceptibility factors in periodontal disease. However, the functional roles of IL-8 gene haplotypes have not been investigated. Here, we demonstrate for the first time the use of the CRISPR/Cas9 system to engineer the IL-8 gene, and tested the functionality of different haplotypes.

Inhibition of Sprouty2 polarizes macrophages toward an M2 phenotype by stimulation with interferon γ and Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide.

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder caused by specific bacteria residing in the biofilm, particularly Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg). Sprouty2 (Spry2) functions as a negative regulator of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling pathway. We previously demonstrated that sequestration of Spry2 induced proliferation and osteogenesis in osteoblastic cells by basic FGF (bFGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulation in vitro, but diminished cell proliferation in gingival epithelial cells.

Grp78 Is Critical for Amelogenin-Induced Cell Migration in a Multipotent Clonal Human Periodontal Ligament Cell Line.

Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are known to play a pivotal role in regenerating the periodontium. Amelogenin, which belongs to a family of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, is a potential bioactive molecule for periodontal regenerative therapy. However, its downstream target molecules and/or signaling patterns are still unknown.

Mutation of Spry2 induces proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts but inhibits proliferation of gingival epithelial cells.

Sprouty was identified as an inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor, and Sprouty2 (Spry2) functions as a negative regulator of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. In this study, we investigated how inhibition of Spry2 affects osteoblasts and gingival epithelial cells in periodontal tissue regeneration in vitro. Transduction of a dominant-negative mutant of Spry2 (Y55A-Spry2) enhanced basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)- and epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced ERK activation in MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells.

Identification of novel amelogenin-binding proteins by proteomics analysis.

Emdogain (enamel matrix derivative, EMD) is well recognized in periodontology. It is used in periodontal surgery to regenerate cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying periodontal regeneration are still unclear.