Roles of Toll-like Receptor Signaling in Inflammatory Bone Resorption.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors expressed in immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Microbe-associated molecular patterns, including bacterial components, membranes, nucleic acids, and flagella are recognized by TLRs in inflammatory immune responses. Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease known to cause local infections associated with gingival inflammation, subsequently leading to alveolar bone resorption.

[Rapid disappearance of acute epidural hematoma by percutaneous aspiration of subperiosteal hematoma--case report].

We present the case of an 8-year-old boy who was injured in a bicycle accident and was admitted with a right frontal skull fracture, an acute epidural hematoma, a right frontal laceration, and a subperiosteal hematoma on admission. After the frontal cutaneous suture, the subperiosteal hematoma was aspirated by the percutaneous needle. Two hours later, a CT scan revealed that the epidural hematoma was disappeared.