Comparison of Cyclophosphamide-Based Graft Versus Host Disease Prophylaxis after "Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation from 9/10 HLA Matched Unrelated Donor'' with Standard Graft Versus Host Disease Prophylaxis after "10/10 HLA Matched Relative Donor'' Transplant.

Graft Versus Host Disease (GvHD), which can be observed at a rate of 30-80% after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is an important complication that adversely affects the survival and quality of the life of patientsPosttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) effectively prevents GvHD after HLA-haploidentical ASCT. In our study, the use of PTCy in 1-antigen HLA-mismatched unrelated donor (9/10MMUD) ASCT was compared with standard GvHD prophylaxis in HLA-identical related donor (MRD) ASCT. We conducted a retrospective study of the comparison of 42 patients with 9/10 MMUD ASCT receiving PTCy+Methotrexate (MTX)+Calcineurin Inhibitor (CNI) and 37 patients with HLA-identical MRD who received MTX+CNI  in 3 bone marrow transplantation centers.

Apheresis product total CD34 cell count prediction at peripheral stem cell collection via a formula: A multicenter study.

Introduction: Effective mobilization of Stem Cells(SCs) to peripheral blood (PB) is crucial for obtaining sufficient CD34 cell numbers via apheresis. The ratio of pre-apheresis PB CD34 cells is the best parameter for predicting the product CD34 cell count. However, quantitating CD34 PB cells requires flow cytometry, which usually takes two or more hours to obtain the results.

Comparison of Infectious Complications in Patients Receiving High-Dose Cyclophosphamide as GvHD Prophylaxis After Transplantation From A 9/10 HLA-Matched Unrelated Donor with Standard GvHD Prophylaxis After Transplant From A Fully Matched Related Donor.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether cyclophosphamide administered after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) from 9/10 HLA-Matched Unrelated Donors (MMUD) increases the rates of bacterial, fungal, viral infections, complications (hemorrhagic cystitis (HC)), and infection-related mortality compared to allogeneic stem cell transplantation from matched related donors (MRD).

Methods: This is a retrospective multicenter study. 45 MMUD ASCT patients who received posttransplant cyclophosphamide+methotrexate+calcineurin inhibitor compared with 45 MRD ASCT patients who received methotrexate+calcineurin inhibitor.

A Patient Who Developed Lagophthalmos Following Rhinoplasty.

Lagophthalmos, impairment of closing upper eyelids, can result from various reasons. However, lagophthalmus after a rhinoplasty is both unusual and frustrating. We report a patient experiencing lagophthalmos following rhinoplasty and its management.

An integrated experimental-computational framework to assess the influence of microstructure and material properties on fracture toughness in clinical specimens of human femoral cortical bone.

Microstructural and compositional changes that occur due to aging, pathological conditions, or pharmacological treatments alter cortical bone fracture resistance. However, the relative importance of these changes to the fracture resistance of cortical bone has not been quantified in detail. In this technical note, we developed an integrated experimental-computational framework utilizing human femoral cortical bone biopsies to advance the understanding of how fracture resistance of cortical bone is modulated due to modifications in its microstructure and material properties.

Influence of Osteocyte Lacunar-Canalicular Morphology and Network Architecture on Osteocyte Mechanosensitivity.

Purpose Of Review: The goal of this review is to summarize recent findings related to modifications in osteocyte lacunar and canalicular morphology due to physiological and pathological conditions. In addition, this review aims to outline how these modifications may influence the local mechanical environment of osteocytes and their mechanosensitivity.

Recent Findings: Reduction in lacunar density with age and increasing lacunar size with lactation are confirmed in multiple studies in human and murine bone.

The Effect of Anteriorly Located Sigmoid Sinus on Postoperative Hearing Gains: A Case-Control Study.

There are many studies on the effects of temporal bone anatomical variations on a mastoid pneumatization. Considering the effects of the anatomic variations on mastoid pneumatization, it is considered that many anatomic variations may affect graft success rates and postoperative hearing threshold gains. We aimed to evaluate the effects of various anatomic variations on postoperative hearing gains among patients undergoing tympanoplasty.

Evaluating the Role of Canalicular Morphology and Perilacunar Region Properties on Local Mechanical Environment of Lacunar-Canalicular Network Using Finite Element Modeling.

Physiological and pathological processes such as aging, diseases, treatments, and lactation can alter lacunar-canalicular network (LCN) morphology and perilacunar region properties. These modifications can impact the mechanical environment of osteocytes which in turn can influence osteocyte mechanosensitivity and the remodeling process. In this study, we aim to evaluate how the modifications in the canalicular morphology, lacunar density, and the perilacunar region properties influence the local mechanical environment of LCN and the apparent bone properties using three-dimensional finite element (FE) modeling.

Assessment of intracranial pressure with ultrasonographic measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter on patients undergoing suspension direct laryngoscopy.

Purpose: The study aims to examine the effect on intracranial pressure by calculating the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) using ultrasound in patients who underwent suspension direct laryngoscopy.

Methods: Thirty-three patients who underwent suspension direct laryngoscopy were included in this prospective observational study. ONSD measurement was performed using a high-frequency linear probe.

Quantifying how altered lacunar morphology and perilacunar tissue properties influence local mechanical environment of osteocyte lacunae using finite element modeling.

Previous studies have demonstrated that osteocyte lacunar morphology and perilacunar bone tissue properties undergo alterations due to physiological and pathological processes such as aging, lactation, diseases, and treatments. However, the influence of these alterations on the apparent mechanical properties of the bone and the local mechanical environment of osteocyte lacunae has not been evaluated in detail. The goal of this study is to quantify the influence of osteocyte lacunar morphology and perilacunar tissue properties on local mechanical environment around lacunae and the apparent mechanical properties of the bone using three-dimensional FE models of lacunae networks with varying lacunar morphology and perilacunar properties based on previously reported experimental data.

External ear anatomy and variations in neonates.

It is aesthetically important that the auricle has a natural and beautiful shape. The sizes, position and symmetry of normal auricle are used for different purposes in different disciplines. A deformation in the auricle of neonates and its size or location on the face may indicate a possible anomaly.

The Effect of Udenafil on Stasis Zone in an Experimental Burn Model.

Background: Management of the burn injuries is still a problematic issue because the stasis zone may become necrotic. We hypothesized that udenafil, a potent phospodiesterase inhibitor, can be beneficial in burn treatment by enhancing the viability of the stasis zone.

Methods: Fifteen Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups.

Structural role of osteocyte lacunae on mechanical properties of bone matrix: A cohesive finite element study.

Despite the extensive studies on biological function of osteocytes, there are limited studies that evaluated the structural role of osteocyte lacunae on local mechanical properties of the bone matrix. As a result, the goal of this study was to elucidate the independent contribution of osteocyte lacunae structure on mechanical properties and fracture behavior of the bone matrix uncoupled from its biological effects and bone tissue composition variation. This study combined cohesive finite element modeling with experimental data from a lactation rat model to evaluate the influence of osteocyte lacunar area porosity, density, size, axis ratio, and orientation on the elastic modulus, ultimate strength, and ultimate strain of the bone matrix as well as on local crack formation and propagation.

Biomechanical mechanisms of atypical femoral fracture.

Antiresorptives such as bisphosphonates (BP) and denosumab are commonly used osteoporosis treatments that are effective in preventing osteoporotic fractures by suppressing bone turnover. Although these treatments reduce fracture risk, their long-term use has been associated with atypical femoral fracture (AFF), a rare potential side effect. Despite its rare occurrence, AFF has had a disproportionately significant adverse impact on society due to its severe outcomes such as loss of function and delayed healing.

Platelet-rich fibrin: An effective chronic wound healing accelerator.

Background: Platelets are cells that play a central role in wound healing, and they are the main source of the growth factor complex that plays the main role in natural wound healing. It is aimed to present the beneficial effects of topical application of PRF on chronic ulcers that do not respond to standard wound care in cases of chronic ulcers that require a long treatment process and high costs.

Materials And Methods: The study included 16 patients between the dates of January 2017 and September 2019.

Effect of rhinophototherapy on nasal congestion in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to objectively and subjectively evaluate the effects of adding rhinophototherapy to intranasal beclomethasone dipropionate to treat nasal congestion in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Method: Seventy-five seasonal allergic rhinitis patients were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in Group 1 received intranasal beclomethasone dipropionate for two weeks and patients in Group 2 had rhinophototherapy added to the same medical therapy as Group 1.

The effect of health-promoting lifestyle education program provided to women with gestational diabetes mellitus on maternal and neonatal health: a randomized controlled trial.

Gestational diabetes is associated with adverse health outcomes for mother and offspring. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Education Program provided to women with gestational diabetes on maternal lifestyle, quality of life, depression symptoms and neonatal health. A randomized controlled study was conducted in the perinatology clinic.

Four Quadrant-Embedded Purse-String Closure for Defects of Benign Skin Tumors Post Circular Excision.

Objective: Skin wounds after elliptical removal of benign tumors, are conventially sutured linearly for closure and often result in longer and undesirable scars. We aimed to evaluate the efficiency of four quadrant embedded intradermal purse-string suture closure technique for round defects in order to obtain satisfactory cosmetic outcomes and limited scar.

Materials And Methods: We analysed the features of 143 patients for whom a total of 208 four quadrant embedded purse string sutures were used to completely close their postoperative surgical defects.

A three-dimensional multiscale finite element model of bone coupling mineralized collagen fibril networks and lamellae.

Despite evidence of contribution of mineralized collagen fibrils (MCF) to both the microscale elastic and fracture response of bone, the extent of influence of MCF orientation and material property variation on the lamellar scale mechanical properties is still not well quantified. To this end, in this study, we developed a three-dimensional multiscale finite element model that linked submicroscale models of MCF networks to microscale models of several lamellae. The developed models evaluated the individual and relative influence of MCF orientation as well as material property variation due to MCF mineral distribution and interaction on the lamellar scale mechanical response of bone.

Advanced Modeling Methods-Applications to Bone Fracture Mechanics.

Purpose Of Review: The goal of this review is to summarize recent advances in modeling of bone fracture using fracture mechanics-based approaches at multiple length scales spanning nano- to macroscale.

Recent Findings: Despite the additional information that fracture mechanics-based models provide over strength-based ones, the application of this approach to assessing bone fracture is still somewhat limited. Macroscale fracture models of bone have demonstrated the potential of this approach in uncovering the contributions of geometry, material property variation, as well as loading mode and rate on whole bone fracture response.

Effects of dabigatran and fondaparinux on degloving injuries: An experimental study.

Background: Management of the skin degloving injuries is still a problematic issue, and the avulsed part of the skin may become necrotic. We hypothesized that the anticoagulant pharmacological agents, fondaparinux and dabigatran may be beneficial in the treatment of degloving injuries by enhancing the viability of the reattached flap.

Methods: Twenty four Wistar rats were divided into three groups as follows: control group (Group 1), fondaparinux group (Group 2) and dabigatran group (Group 3).

Preoperative estimation of breast resection weight in patients undergoing inferior pedicle reduction mammoplasty: the Bilgen formula.

Background/aim: Symptomatic breast hypertrophy has a significant impact on the quality of life of women. The amount of tissue to be excised may be preoperatively estimated by an experienced surgeon. However, this remains a subjective assessment.

Assessment of the multifactorial causes of atypical femoral fractures using a novel multiscale finite element approach.

Atypical femoral fracture (AFF), which is a low energy fracture in the subtrochanteric or diaphysis region of the femur, has multifactorial causes that span macro- to microscale mechanisms including femoral geometry, cortical bone composition and structure. However, the extent of individual and combined influence of these factors on AFF is still not well understood. As a result, the aim of this study is to develop a multiscale fracture mechanics-based finite element modeling framework that is capable of quantifying the individual and combined influence of macroscale femoral geometrical properties as well as cortical bone microscale material properties and structure on AFF.

Disastrous Complications Following Rhinoplasty: Soft Tissue Defects.

Background: Rhinoplasty has become one of the most frequently performed worldwide aesthetic procedures thanks to the successful results obtained by plastic surgeons. In this study, soft tissue defects, encountered as an undesirable and fearsome complication following rhinoplasty, its causes and precautions are presented by authors.

Materials And Methods: Eight patients operated between December 2015 and December 2018 were enrolled in this study.