Atomistic investigation of surface characteristics and electronic features at high-purity FeSi(110) presenting interfacial metallicity.

Iron silicide (FeSi) is a fascinating material that has attracted extensive research efforts for decades, notably revealing unusual temperature-dependent electronic and magnetic characteristics, as well as a close resemblance to the Kondo insulators whereby a coherent picture of intrinsic properties and underlying physics remains to be fully developed. For a better understanding of this narrow-gap semiconductor, we prepared and examined FeSi(110) single-crystal surfaces of high quality. Combined insights from low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory calculations (DFT) indicate an unreconstructed surface termination presenting rows of Fe-Si pairs.

Quantum Tunneling Mediated Interfacial Synthesis of a Benzofuran Derivative.

Reaction pathways involving quantum tunneling of protons are fundamental to chemistry and biology. They are responsible for essential aspects of interstellar synthesis, the degradation and isomerization of compounds, enzymatic activity, and protein dynamics. On-surface conditions have been demonstrated to open alternative routes for organic synthesis, often with intricate transformations not accessible in solution.

Assembly of Robust Holmium-Directed 2D Metal-Organic Coordination Complexes and Networks on the Ag(100) Surface.

We describe the formation of lanthanide-organic coordination networks and complexes under ultra-high-vacuum conditions on a clean Ag(100) surface. The structures comprise single Ho atoms as coordination centers and 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate (from terephtalic acid, TPA) as molecular linkers. Using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy, we find two different chiral phases of surface-supported metal-organic structures incorporating Ho atoms.

Ho-Mediated Alkyne Reactions at Low Temperatures on Ag(111).

Low-temperature approaches to catalytic conversions promise efficiency, selectivity, and sustainable processes. Control over certain coupling reactions can be obtained via the pre-positioning of reactive moieties by self-assembly. However, in the striving field of on-surface synthesis atomistic precision and control remains largely elusive, because the employed coupling reactions proceed at temperatures beyond the thermal stability of the supramolecular templates.

Site-Specific Adsorption of Aromatic Molecules on a Metal/Metal Oxide Phase Boundary.

Nanostructured surfaces are ideal templates to control the self-assembly of molecular structures toward well-defined functional materials. To understand the initial adsorption process, we have investigated the arrangement and configuration of aromatic hydrocarbon molecules on nanostructured substrates composed of an alternating arrangement of Cu(110) and oxygen-reconstructed stripes. Scanning tunneling microscopy reveals a preferential adsorption of molecules at oxide phase boundaries.

Functionalized Graphdiyne Nanowires: On-Surface Synthesis and Assessment of Band Structure, Flexibility, and Information Storage Potential.

Carbon nanomaterials exhibit extraordinary mechanical and electronic properties desirable for future technologies. Beyond the popular sp -scaffolds, there is growing interest in their graphdiyne-related counterparts incorporating both sp and sp bonding in a regular scheme. Herein, we introduce carbonitrile-functionalized graphdiyne nanowires, as a novel conjugated, one-dimensional (1D) carbon nanomaterial systematically combining the virtues of covalent coupling and supramolecular concepts that are fabricated by on-surface synthesis.

Novel score for prediction of malignant bile duct obstruction based on biochemical and clinical markers.

Background: Early differentiation of malignant from benign bile duct obstruction is of utmost importance.

Aim: To identify biochemical and clinical predictors for malignancy in patients with bile duct obstruction, and establish a predictive model by combining pre-treatment patient characteristics. A web-based application was developed for easy assessment of malignant bile duct probability (www.

An elementary quantum network of single atoms in optical cavities.

Quantum networks are distributed quantum many-body systems with tailored topology and controlled information exchange. They are the backbone of distributed quantum computing architectures and quantum communication. Here we present a prototype of such a quantum network based on single atoms embedded in optical cavities.

A comparison of student and faculty perceptions of clinical post-conference learning environment.

The purpose of this study was to repeat a study by Letizia and Jennrich that described and compared perceptions of the clinical post-conference learning environment of undergraduate baccalaureate student nurses (BSN) and faculty. The Clinical Post-Conference Learning Environment Survey (CPCLES) was sent electronically to all traditional and accelerated BSN students and faculty; 178 usable responses were returned. Both faculty and students perceived the environmental characteristics captured by the CPCLES were important, but were used less than expected (p<0.

A single-atom quantum memory.

The faithful storage of a quantum bit (qubit) of light is essential for long-distance quantum communication, quantum networking and distributed quantum computing. The required optical quantum memory must be able to receive and recreate the photonic qubit; additionally, it must store an unknown quantum state of light better than any classical device. So far, these two requirements have been met only by ensembles of material particles that store the information in collective excitations.

Highly water-soluble prodrugs of anthelmintic benzimidazole carbamates: synthesis, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics.

Highly water-soluble prodrugs 1a- g of anthelmintic benzimidazole carbamates 2a- g were synthesized. These prodrugs combine high aqueous solubility and stability with high lability in the presence of alkaline phosphatases. The veterinary utility of 1a was shown by a pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic study performed in swine.

Outbreaks of Soybean Frogeye Leaf Spot in Iowa.

Frogeye leaf spot of soybean, caused by Cercospora sojina, is typically a disease of warm and humid regions (2). Although the disease was reported in the Midwest in the 1920s (1), no outbreaks have been recorded in Iowa. Outbreaks of frogeye leaf spot occurred during 1999 in soybean fields in Ames and Grand Junction in central Iowa.

Soybean Varietal Response and Yield Loss Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.

Soybean Sclerotinia stem rot, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, has recently emerged from being a minor problem in areas where soybeans of maturity groups 0 to I are grown to a significant cause of soybean yield losses in the north-central region, which produces 80% of soybean in the United States. Studies were conducted in Iowa to quantify varietal response to S. sclerotiorum for cultivars of maturity groups I to III in fields that had uniform infestation histories.

Treatment and Outcome of Adolescents with Anorrexia Nervosa.

Primary care providers need to be aware of the therapeutic partnership required for successful treatment of adolescents with anorexia nervosa. This partnership, based on a biopsychological model, addresses multiple aspects of the disorder rather than isolated goals, such as weight gain. Early, established, and severe anorexia are discussed, as well as options for outpatient care and hospitalization and possible outcome.

A modified method for experimental candidosis in mice avoiding lethality.

A model is presented which selected one out of 150 Candida albicans strains for the evaluation of antifungal agents. The mice were inoculated with 6 x 10(5) CFU of strain 352 into the tail vein. The strain has a moderate phospholipase B (PLB) activity in vitro and was originally isolated from a stool sample from a patient in an intensive care unit.

Increase of DNA content in tissue stages of Entamoeba histolytica strain SFL 3.

The DNA content of culture forms and tissue stages of pathogenic E. histolytica strain SFL 3 were measured photometrically after the nuclei had been stained with the fluorochrome BAO. As a control, the DNA guartity of E.

Antimalarial activity of new floxacrine-related acridinedione derivatives: studies on blood schizontocidal action of potential candidates against P. berghei in mice and P. falciparum in vivo and in vitro.

Deoxyfloxacrine derivatives (1-hydrazone: S 83 0083; 1-imine: S 84 7277) and floxacrine derivatives (10-methoxy-floxacrine: L 84 7667; 1-imine: L 84 7693) selected from a series of newly synthesized 3-aryl-7-chloro-3,4-dihydro-1,9(2H,10H)-acridinediones were evaluated for blood schizontocidal activities in mice infected with asexual stages of various drug-resistant lines of P. berghei and in New World monkeys infected with blood schizonts of different chloroquine-resistant strains of P. falciparum.

Effects of dimethylsulfoxide and the deep-freezing process on the infectivity, motility, and ultrastructure of Trypanosoma cruzi.

The effects of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO, final concentration 5%) and the deep-freezing process on the infectivity (ID50), motility, and ultrastructure of nontreated and DMSO-treated Trypanosoma cruzi suspensions (PSG-3 buffer with 10% horse serum) were investigated prior to and after cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen. DMSO equilibration caused distinct suppression of motility and characteristic, fine structural alterations in numerous organelles, such as myelin-like structures in the cytoplasm and/or inside the mitochondrial apparatus, enlargement of the perinuclear space, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondrial cristae, as well as condensation of the kinetoplast with loss of its lamellar structure. There was no evidence of loss of infectivity in DMSO-treated parasites.

Ultrastructural changes of Trichomonas vaginalis prior and after cryopreservation.

Fine structural changes of Trichomonas vaginalis are described prior and after the freezing process in liquid nitrogen. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) used as the cryoprotectant caused distinct alterations of the cytoplasm when trichomonads were equilibrated with 5% DMSO under various experimental conditions. Changes were bubble-like protrusions, fissuration and/or vacuolation of the cytoplasm, doubling and removal or/and rupture of the cell membrane.