Publications by authors named "Uphaus T"

Background: Several factors are frequently considered for outcome prediction rin stroke patients. We assessed the value of digital subtraction angiography (DSA)-based brain perfusion measurements after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for outcome prediction in acute ischaemic stroke.

Methods: From DSA image data (n = 90; 38 females; age 73.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: We examined the impact of the rs10191329 genetic risk variant on neuroaxonal damage as measured by serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels, and disability progression in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS).

Methods: In a cohort of pwMS (n = 740), 658 participants were prospectively monitored every 2 years for less than a decade while 82 of 740 pwMS were monitored retrospectively for up to 40 years. We investigated associations between rs10191329 variants and clinical outcome, including Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), disability accrual (defined by EDSS-increase of at least 1.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: To examine the impact of deep learning-augmented contrast enhancement on image quality and diagnostic accuracy of poorly contrasted CT angiography in patients with suspected stroke.

Methods: This retrospective single-centre study included 102 consecutive patients who underwent CT imaging for suspected stroke between 01/2021 and 12/2022, including whole brain volume perfusion CT (VPCT) and, specifically, a poorly contrasted CT angiography (defined as < 350HU in the proximal MCA). CT angiography imaging data was reconstructed using i.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Interferon-beta (IFN-β) remains crucial for managing multiple sclerosis (MS), with pegylated (PEG) IFN-β offering less frequent dosing for patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS).
  • A study examined laboratory results and side effects between two forms of IFN-β treatment (PEG-IFN-β-1a and IFN-β-1a) among patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) or RRMS over nine years.
  • Findings indicated that PEG-IFN-β-1a led to lower leukocyte counts and higher rates of leukopenia and neutropenia compared to IFN-β-1a, though both treatments had similar disease activity outcomes
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Dissecting trends and contributing risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in patients treated for acute pulmonary embolism (PE) may allow for a better patient selection for existing and emerging treatment options.

Methods: The German nationwide inpatient sample was screened for patients admitted due to PE 2005-2020. Hospitalizations were stratified for the occurrence of ICH; risk factors for ICH and temporal trends were investigated.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Invasive dental procedures, such as wisdom teeth removal, have been identified as potential triggers for vascular events due to the entry of oral bacteria into the bloodstream, leading to acute vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. This study presents the case of a 27-year-old healthy male who developed ischemic stroke resulting from bacteremia after undergoing wisdom teeth extraction. Initially, the patient experienced fever and malaise, which were followed by right-sided hemiplegia.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance plays important roles in mental disorders. Bioactive phospholipids like lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) are synthesized by the enzyme autotaxin (ATX) at cortical synapses and modulate glutamatergic transmission, and eventually alter E/I balance of cortical networks. Here, we analyzed functional consequences of altered E/I balance in 25 human subjects induced by genetic disruption of the synaptic lipid signaling modifier PRG-1, which were compared to 25 age and sex matched control subjects.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive therapy is needed in people with a chronic neuroinflammatory disease of the central nervous system such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Therefore, MS requires monitoring for and preventing against infectious diseases like SARS-CoV-2. Vaccination and anti-viral treatments are, in particular, recommended for elderly people and people at risk of a severe course of infection and of MS.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and quality of accelerated brain diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) using deep learning technologies.
  • 85 patients underwent MRI, where different imaging techniques were compared, including conventional and those enhanced by deep learning, with experienced reviewers assessing the results.
  • The findings indicated that deep learning DWI markedly improved image quality and diagnostic confidence over traditional methods, making ultra-fast brain imaging feasible and more effective.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The occurrence of cerebral vasculitis in individuals with neurosarcoidosis (NS) is considered to be rare. Although the number of relevant publications has increased in recent years, evidence is mostly limited to case reports. To obtain a better understanding of this rare and severe manifestation of disease, we carried out a scoping review on cerebral vasculitis in patients diagnosed with NS.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background Deep learning (DL)-accelerated MRI can substantially reduce examination times. However, studies prospectively evaluating the diagnostic performance of DL-accelerated MRI reconstructions in acute suspected stroke are lacking. Purpose To investigate the interchangeability of DL-accelerated MRI with conventional MRI in patients with suspected acute ischemic stroke at 1.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: Ongoing neuroaxonal damage is a major contributor to disease progression and long-term disability in multiple sclerosis. However, spatio-temporal distribution and pathophysiological mechanisms of neuroaxonal damage during acute relapses and later chronic disease stages remain poorly understood.

Methods: Here, we applied immunohistochemistry, single-molecule array, spatial transcriptomics, and microglia/axon co-cultures to gain insight into spatio-temporal neuroaxonal damage in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To evaluate diagnostic image quality of ultra-high-resolution computed tomography angiography (UHR-CTA) in neurovascular imaging as compared to normal resolution CT-angiography (NR-CTA).

Material And Methods: In this retrospective single-center study brain and neck CT-angiography was performed using an ultra-high-resolution computed tomography scanner (n = 82) or a normal resolution CT scanner (NR-CTA; n = 73). Ultra-high-resolution images were reconstructed with a 1024 × 1024 matrix and a slice thickness of 0.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Rationale And Objectives: Ruptured intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are the leading cause for atraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. In case of aneurysm rupture, patients may face life-threatening complications and require aneurysm occlusion. Detection of the aneurysm in computed tomography (CT) imaging is therefore essential for patient outcome.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has become standard treatment in acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (LVO). However, optimal blood pressure (BP) management following successful recanalization remains unclear. We aim to investigate the association of strictly achieving BP targets of ≤160/90 mmHg with the extent of neuronal loss and functional outcome.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Missing outcome data (MOD) is prevalent in clinical trials, specifically in a study of 13,082 stroke patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy, and affects the validity of conclusions drawn from such data.
  • The study found that MOD occurred in 19.7% of patients at the 90-day mark, with higher rates associated with greater pre-stroke and post-stroke disabilities, longer treatment times, and different discharge conditions.
  • To ensure better follow-up and data completeness, there's a need for targeted efforts on patients with significant disabilities and those discharged to hospitals or other facilities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most frequent causes of stroke. Several randomized trials have shown that prolonged monitoring increases the detection of AF, but the effect on reducing recurrent cardioembolism, ie, ischemic stroke and systemic embolism, remains unknown. We aim to evaluate whether a risk-adapted, intensified heart rhythm monitoring with consequent guideline conform treatment, which implies initiation of oral anticoagulation (OAC), leads to a reduction of recurrent cardioembolism.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Rationale And Objectives: To evaluate clinical feasibility and image quality of a comprehensive ultrafast brain MRI protocol with multi-shot echo planar imaging and deep learning-enhanced reconstruction at 1.5T.

Materials And Methods: Thirty consecutive patients who underwent clinically indicated MRI at a 1.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • International guidelines advise against using intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in ischemic stroke patients who have recently taken direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC).
  • A multicenter study examined the risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) in 832 patients who underwent IVT within 48 hours of DOAC use, compared to over 32,000 controls without recent DOAC intake.
  • Results highlighted varied outcomes based on prior DOAC therapy, with focus on sICH incidence measured through established stroke scales, and included an analysis of DOAC levels and reversal treatments prior to IVT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Impaired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) homeostasis is central to the pathogenesis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), although the precise mechanisms involved are still not completely understood. The aim of the current study was to assess the CSF/serum ratio of neurofilament light chain levels (QNfL) as a potential indicator of functional CSF outflow obstruction in IIH patients.

Methods: NfL levels were measured by single molecule array in CSF and serum samples of 87 IIH patients and in three control groups, consisting of 52 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with an acute relapse, 21 patients with an axonal polyneuropathy (PNP), and 41 neurologically healthy controls (HC).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • - Disease-modifying therapies (DMT) for multiple sclerosis (MS) affect how well patients respond to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, highlighting the need to identify those at risk for inadequate immune responses.
  • - A study analyzed vaccination antibody levels in a group of 386 individuals, finding that untreated MS patients had similar levels to healthy controls, but DMT type and lymphocyte levels impacted vaccine effectiveness in those with MS.
  • - Patients treated with anti-CD20 and those with low CD8 T cell levels before vaccination are at greater risk for poor vaccine responses, suggesting that monitoring antibody levels could help tailor vaccination strategies for better protection in these patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background And Objectives: Immunomodulatory therapies reduce the relapse rate but only marginally control disability progression in patients with MS. Although serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels correlate best with acute signs of inflammation (e.g.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Hospitals around the world introduced considerable visitation restrictions to reduce risk of infection during epidemic spread of SARS-CoV2. Understanding of negative impacts of visitation restrictions on subgroups of patients may help to balance and adjust policies accordingly or introduce further measures to mitigate their impact. We aimed to investigate the association of visitation restrictions with delirium incidence in stroke-unit patients.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Specific antiseizure medications (ASM) would improve the outcome in post-stroke epilepsy (PSE). The aim of this multicenter observational study was to compare different antiseizure monotherapies in PSE.

Methods: We collected the data from 207 patients with PSE who did not change their initial antiseizure monotherapy during the period of 12 months.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF