Fibrous histiocytoma as first presentation in systemic lupus erythematosus and sero-positive Sjögren's syndrome.

Purpose: To describe a triad of fibrous histiocytoma, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Sero-positive Sjögren's Syndrome.

Observations: This case was diagnosed first as bilateral fibrous histiocytoma of cheeks, which on further investigations proved to be a triad of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Fibrous histiocytoma and Sero-positive Sjögren's Syndrome.

Conclusions And Importance: Association between fibrous histiocytoma, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Sero-positive Sjögren's Syndrome has been known before, but fibrous histiocytoma as first presentation in the triad has not been reported.

Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease: An Update.

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an increasingly recognized immune-mediated condition comprised of a collection of disorders that share specific pathological, serological, and clinical features. IgG4-RD is a fibroinflammatory condition with a tendency to form tumors with inflammatory infiltrate with IgG4 rich plasma cells and elevation of serum IgG4, which may affect virtually every organ and tissue. IgG4-related ophthalmic disease may present as dacryoadenitis, myositis, or involvement of other orbital tissue.

Experience of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for treatment of diabetic macular edema among Omani population.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of intravitreal (IVT) triamcinolone in diabetic macular edema (DME).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study of 42 eyes diagnosed clinically and supported with optical coherence tomography (OCT), with DME of more than 300 μm in thickness. All eyes were injected with a single IVT injection of preservative free triamcinolone acetonide (TA) with dose of 4 mg.

Alternating central serous chorioretinopathy in two consecutive pregnancies.

To highlight the similarity in onset, clinical course, and resolution of central serous chorioretinopathy in two eyes, in two consecutive pregnancies in the same patient. A case report. Snellen visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, and optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Visual outcome following extracapsular cataract extraction in mature cataracts with pseudoexfoliation syndrome: A retrospective study.

Purpose/objective: To report the best corrected visual acuity, at the end of one year, in 33 patients (35 eyes), who underwent extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation (PC-IOL) for mature and hypermature cataracts, with pseudoexfoliation (PEX).

Design: Retrospective, non-comparative, single-institutional (Sultan Qaboos University Hospital) study.

Participants: Thirty-three patients with mature and hypermature cataracts, with PEX operated upon between January 2007 and December 2008, by one surgeon (AM).

Optical coherence tomography: clinical applications in medical practice.

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a success story of scientific and technological co-operation between a physicist and a clinician. The concept of cross-sectional imaging revolutionalized the applicability of OCT in the medical profession. OCT is a non-contact, topographic, biomicroscopic device that provides high resolution, cross-sectional digital images of live biological tissues in vivo and in real time.

Confoscan: an ideal therapeutic aid and screening tool in acanthamoeba keratitis.

Although present worldwide, Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a rare condition. It is a protozoal infection of the eye that is generally caused by wearing contaminated contact lenses or lens solutions. Confoscan and confocal scanning laser tomography (CSLT) are in vivo noninvasive diagnostic tools which provide high definition images of corneal microstructures.

Ocular adnexal reactive lymphoid hyperplasia in children.

Aim: To describe the clinical and histopathological features of ocular reactive lymphoid hyperplasia in children, and review the literature regarding this entity.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective, interventional case series, a chart review was performed of three patients diagnosed with reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. Details of clinical presentation, ocular and systemic examination findings, management and subsequent course were noted.

Cerebro-rhino orbital mucormycosis: an update.

Mucormycosis is an uncommon fungal infection which can lead to fulminant necrotizing infection under optimal host condition. Fungi have the ability to invade blood vessels and can affect different parts of the body. The most common, though the most aggressive, form is cerebro-rhino-orbital mucormycosis that occurs in debilitated patients, in conjunction with sinus or para-sinus involvement.

Frosted branch angiitis, neuroretinitis as initial ocular manifestation in Behçet disease.

Behçet disease is an idiopathic, multisystem disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of orogenital ulceration and vasculitis of the veins and arteries of all calibers. Ocular involvement may affect the conjunctiva, sclera, uveal tract, vitreous, blood vessels, and retina. Many theories have pointed toward an autoimmune response behind its pathogenesis, which may be triggered by exposure to an infectious agent.

Total levator aponeurosis resection for primary congenital ptosis with very poor levator function.

Aim: This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of total levator aponeurosis resection in patients with very poor levator function secondary to primary congenital ptosis.

Design: A retrospective, noncomparative single-institutional study was designed.

Participants: Seven patients with very poor levator function secondary to primary congenital ptosis operated between May 2008 and May 2010 by one surgeon (AM).

Sebaceous gland carcinoma of the eyelid.

Sebaceous gland carcinoma, commonly arises in the periocular area, is an uncommon condition. It represents 1-5.5% of eyelid malignancies and is considered to be the third most common eyelid malignancy after basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas, although few reports placed this tumor as second most common after basal cell carcinoma.

Subjective and quantitative measurement of wavefront aberrations in nuclear cataracts - a retrospective case controlled study.

Purpose: To measure, quantify and compare Ocular Aberrations due to nuclear cataracts.

Setting: Department of ophthalmology and school for ophthalmic technicians, college of medicine and health sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.

Design: Retrospective case controlled study.

Culture Negative Confoscan Positive Acanthamoeba Keratitis: A relentless course.

Acanthamoeba keratitis is a protozoal infection of the eye, mainly due to the use of non-sterile solutions, like saline for disinfecting contact lenses. We report a case where delay in the diagnosis of acanthamoeba keratitis due to inadequate laboratory investigations and clinical management led to an excruciatingly painful course of the disease. The importance of non-invasive imaging techniques of confocal microscopy in the diagnosis of acanthamoeba keratitis, in the absence of positive culture reports, is highlighted in this case.

Bacterial keratitis: perspective on epidemiology, clinico-pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment.

Bacterial keratitis is an acute or chronic, transient or recurrent infection of the cornea with varying predilection for anatomical and topographical parts of the cornea like marginal or central. It is a potentially sight-threatening corneal infection in humans that is generally found in eyes with predisposing elements, the most common of which is contact lens wear. The epidemiological data reveals the universal occurrence of this disease.

Bevacizumab therapy for macular edema in central retinal vein occlusion: Long-term results.

Background: There is no proven effective treatment for vision loss in central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Bevacizumab has been reported in small series with limited follow-up, to have a positive effect in reducing cystoid macular edema (CME) and improving vision in CRVO.

Purpose: To report long-term results with the use of bevacizumab in CRVO.

In vivo morphometry of corneal endothelial cells in pseudoexfoliation keratopathy with glaucoma and cataract.

Background: This study was designed to define correlations between in vivo morphometric and demographic data of pseudoexfoliation (PEX) keratopathy patients from Omani Arab origin with cataract and glaucoma.

Methods: In a non-randomized controlled comparative case series, 69 adult patients (43 males and 26 females) with 78 cataract and 48 glaucoma eyes with corneal PEX material were assessed by confocal biomicroscopy (Confoscan 2, Nidek) and values compared to normative US and Omani Arab population values. Descriptive statistics.

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery: indications and complications in the ophthalmic field.

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) is a highly sophisticated type of surgery, which has revolutionized the surgical management of chronic sinus diseases. In the ophthalmic field, FESS plays a crucial role in the management of a few conditions, but not without risks. Ophthalmic complications associated with FESS are well documented.

Cyanoacrylate-induced pseudo-tarsorrhaphy of the eye.

Cyanoacrylate, also known as superglue, is a polymer which forms a strong bond at room temperature with a variety of materials including metal, glass, plastic, rubber, skin, mucous membranes and other epithelial tissues as well. We hereby present a 22-year-old female who had an accidental instillation of the glue in her eye, with an uneventful outcome.

Natural course of central serous chorioretinopathy without subretinal exudates in normal pregnancy.

Background: Pregnancy is a well-known risk factor for central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).

Methods: Patients were examined using slit-lamp biomicroscopy, fundus examination, fundus photography, and optical coherence tomography, making note of best-corrected visual acuity.

Results: All patients had resolution of CSCR.