Two doses of subcutaneous methadone for postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing tibial plateau levelling osteotomies.

Objectives: To evaluate analgesia, sedation and adverse effects of two doses of subcutaneous methadone in dogs undergoing tibial plateau levelling osteotomy.

Materials And Methods: Seventeen client-owned dogs undergoing unilateral tibial plateau levelling osteotomy were randomly allocated to receive either 0.25 mg/kg methadone (eight dogs) or 0.

Association between total hypercalcaemia and iliosacral lymph node metastasis in dogs diagnosed with anal sac adenocarcinoma using abdominal ultrasonography.

Background: Anal sac adenocarcinoma (ASACA) in dogs is a malignant perianal tumour that often metastasizes to the iliosacral lymph nodes. Additionally, this tumour can be associated with hypercalcemia of malignancy. To date, no study has looked at the association between increased blood calcium levels and suspected or confirmed lymph node metastasis as a primary objective.

Racial and Ethnic Variation in Complementary and Integrative Health Therapy Use Among US Veterans.

Importance: White individuals are the greatest users of complementary and integrative health (CIH) therapies in the general population, but this might partially be due to differences in age, health condition, and location. Identifying the nuances in racial and ethnic differences in care is one important step to addressing them.

Objective: To evaluate racial and ethnic differences in Veterans Affairs (VA)-covered CIH therapy use in a more nuanced manner by examining the association of 5 demographic characteristics, health conditions, and medical facility locations with those differences.

Axial twisting within an ending loop of a continuous suture pattern affects the biomechanical properties of knots of certain suture sizes and types.

Objective: To determine whether axial twisting within an ending loop negatively impacts maximum load to failure and failure mode of suture knots.

Samples: 525 knots (15 samples each of 7 different suture types/sizes tested in 5 knot-twist configurations each).

Procedures: Each suture type (polydioxanone [PDO], Monoderm [polyglecaprone 25], and Nylon) and size (1, 0, 2-0, 3-0) were used to create a starting square knot, and each of the following ending square knot configurations: 0 twists, 1 twist, 4 twists, and 10 twists.

Blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy of bupivacaine liposomal suspension using static bodyweight distribution and subjective pain scoring in dogs after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy surgery.

Objective: To compare the analgesic effect of surgical wound infiltration with liposomal bupivacaine (LB) to saline placebo in dogs after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO).

Study Design: Blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical prospective study.

Animals: Fifteen client-owned dogs receiving LB and 17 dogs receiving an equivalent volume of saline placebo, all with confirmed unilateral cranial cruciate ligament insufficiency.

Delay and nonreceipt of needed healthcare in U.S. adults with household family members with serious health needs.

Introduction: Households may be primary settings for developing noncommunicable and infectious diseases due to shared lifestyle factors and ease of transmission, rendering multiple family members within a household in simultaneous need of health services. Limited resources may force families to prioritize healthcare for individuals with serious health needs over other family members; however, few studies have examined unmet healthcare needs within family contexts. This study examines the odds of U.

Students' Approaches to Learning During Pre-Clinical and Clinical Phases of a Veterinary Curriculum, Their Motivations, and Their Correlation with GPA.

This study was conducted to determine if veterinary students adopt a different approach to learning in the clinical compared to pre-clinical phase, and what factors motivate their approach. We also sought to determine if the learning approach adopted correlates with grade point average (GPA). Two questionnaires were administered to the same cohort of students (112 students) at the end of the pre-clinical and at the end of the clinical phase.

Association between Childhood Maltreatment and Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Los Angeles.

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been associated with poor mental health outcomes in adulthood. Childhood maltreatment is related to both depressive and anxiety symptoms. Our objective was to investigate these associations among low-income, mostly Black and Latino men who have sex with men (MSM), as these may be a particularly vulnerable population group.

Perceived social support moderates the association between household dysfunction adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and self-reported drug use among men who have sex with men in Los Angeles, California.

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been shown to be associated with drug use in adulthood. The single ACE of household substance use history (part of the household dysfunction category) has frequently been associated with drug use. Resilience factors such as perceived social support appear to buffer the association between ACEs and drug use and may be particularly relevant for urban men who have sex with men (MSM).

Menopause hormone therapy and complementary alternative medicine, quality of life, and racial/ethnic differences: the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN).

Objective: We hypothesized that, among midlife women with vasomotor and/or genitourinary symptoms of menopause, (1) hormone therapy (HT) compared with complementary alternative medicine (CAM) will be associated with higher quality of life (QoL), and (2) race/ethnicity would modify associations of HT and CAM with QoL.

Methods: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of QoL in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation participants using HT, CAM, or both. Women ( n = 2,514) completed a CAM use questionnaire and QoL assessments at baseline and every 1 to 2 years from 2002 to 2013.

Long-acting injectable methadone (methadone-fluconazole) provides safe and effective postoperative analgesia in a randomized clinical trial for dogs undergoing soft tissue surgery.

Objective: To assess the pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, and adverse effects of injectable methadone with the pharmacokinetic enhancer fluconazole (methadone-fluconazole), compared with the standard formulation of injectable methadone, in dogs after ovariohysterectomy. We hypothesized that 2 doses of methadone-fluconazole would provide 24 hours of postoperative analgesia.

Animals: 3 purpose-bred dogs (pharmacokinetic preliminary study) and 42 female dogs from local shelters (clinical trial) were included.

Dogs ≥ five years of age at the time of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt diagnosis have better long-term outcomes with surgical attenuation than with medical management alone.

Objective: To determine the outcome in dogs diagnosed with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts (EHPSS) at ≥ 5 years of age treated with medical management only (M) or with surgical attenuation (S). The hypothesis was that dogs undergoing surgical attenuation would have a longer survival time than dogs undergoing medical management only.

Animals: 351 dogs definitively diagnosed with EHPSS at ≥ 5 years of age.

Evaluation of outcomes following subtotal colectomy for the treatment of idiopathic megacolon in cats.

Objective: To evaluate outcomes in cats undergoing subtotal colectomy for the treatment of idiopathic megacolon and to determine whether removal versus nonremoval of the ileocecocolic junction (ICJ) was associated with differences in outcome.

Animals: 166 client-owned cats.

Procedures: For this retrospective cohort study, medical records databases of 18 participating veterinary hospitals were searched to identify records of cats with idiopathic megacolon treated by subtotal colectomy from January 2000 to December 2018.

COVID-19 Infection in the Veterans Health Administration: Gender-specific Racial and Ethnic Differences.

Purpose: Racial/ethnic minoritized groups, women, and economically disadvantaged groups are disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigated racial/ethnic differences by gender in correlates of COVID-19 infection among veterans seeking health care services at the Veterans Health Administration. Little is known about gender-specific factors associated with infection among veterans.

Near-Complete Genome of SARS-CoV-2 Delta (AY.3) Variant Identified in a Dog in Kansas, USA.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) descriptions of infection and transmission have been increasing in companion animals in the past year. Although canine susceptibility is generally considered low, their role in the COVID-19 disease cycle remains unknown. In this study, we detected and sequenced a delta variant (AY.

The Role of Community-Level Factors on Disparities in COVID-19 Infection Among American Indian/Alaska Native Veterans.

Objectives: American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities have been disproportionately affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study examines whether neighborhood characteristics mediate AI/AN versus White-non-Hispanic Veteran COVID-19 infection disparities, and whether mediation differs based on proximity to reservations.

Methods: Using Veteran Health Administration's (VHA) national database of VHA users evaluated for COVID-19 infection (3/1/2020-8/25/2020), we examined whether census tract neighborhood characteristics (percent households overcrowded, without complete plumbing, without kitchen plumbing, and neighborhood socioeconomic status [n-SES]) mediated racial disparities in COVID-19 infection, using inverse odds-weighted logistic models controlling for individual-level characteristics.

Unmet healthcare needs among midlife adults with mental distress and multiple chronic conditions.

Background: Limited attention has focused on midlife health. Yet, this is a time of great change, including onset of chronic conditions and changes in mental health.

Objective: To examine unmet healthcare needs among midlife adults (50-64 years) in the US with severe psychological distress (SPD) and/or multiple chronic conditions (MCC).

Longitudinal Assessment of Physical Activity and Cognitive Outcomes Among Women at Midlife.

Importance: The increasing prevalence of cognitive decline, impairment, and dementia spurs intense interest in cognitive preservation strategies.

Objective: To explore the longitudinal association between physical activity (PA) and cognitive performance among women at midlife.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study is an analysis from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.

A survey of attributes of surgical resident applicants deemed important to American College of Veterinary Surgeons board-certified surgeons involved in resident selection and methods used to evaluate these attributes.

Objective: To determine which attributes of residency applicants were most commonly assessed by large and small animal American College of Veterinary Surgeons diplomates and to determine which evaluation methods were perceived to assess those attributes.

Study Design: Online survey.

Sample Population: American College of Veterinary Surgeons board-certified surgeons as of March 2019.

Clinical findings for dogs undergoing elective and nonelective cholecystectomies for gall bladder mucoceles.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe elective and nonelective post-cholecystectomy complications and mortality rates in dogs with a gall bladder mucocele. The secondary purpose was to report complications and mortality rates for different methods of common bile duct catheterisation.

Materials And Methods: A multi-institutional retrospective case series was performed to identify dogs with a gall bladder mucocele between 2004 and 2018 that underwent a cholecystectomy.

Perioperative analgesia associated with oral administration of a novel methadone-fluconazole-naltrexone formulation in dogs undergoing routine ovariohysterectomy.

Objective: To determine perioperative analgesia associated with oral administration of a novel methadone-fluconazole-naltrexone formulation in dogs undergoing routine ovariohysterectomy.

Animals: 43 healthy female dogs.

Procedures: Dogs were randomly assigned to receive the methadone-fluconazole-naltrexone formulation at 1 of 2 dosages (0.

Sexual orientation, social support, and mental health resilience in a U.S. national sample of adults.

Sexual minority mental health disparities can be attributed, in large part, to chronic exposure to stress. There is growing interest in understanding the factors associated with psychological resilience, or the ability to positively cope with life's stressors. Using nationally representative data (2012-2013; N = 14,470), this study compared differences in resilience status (operationalized empirically using SF-12 mental health score among respondents reporting 2+ past-year stressful life events; respondents were categorized as "flourishing," "average," or "languishing") by sexual orientation and assessed whether social support mediated sexual minority disparities in resilience.

Outcomes of dogs undergoing immediate or delayed surgical treatment for gastrointestinal foreign body obstruction: A retrospective study by the Society of Veterinary Soft Tissue Surgery.

Objective: To evaluate gastrointestinal injury and outcomes between dogs treated with immediate surgical intervention vs those treated with delayed surgical intervention for gastrointestinal foreign body obstruction (GIFBO).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Sample Population: Client-owned dogs (n = 855) from five referral hospitals.

Effect of Duration and Onset of Clinical Signs on Short-Term Outcome of Dogs with Hansen Type I Thoracolumbar Intervertebral Disc Extrusion.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to determine if either the rate of onset of clinical signs or duration from initial clinical signs to surgical decompression affected the overall quality or duration of recovery in dogs with intervertebral disc extrusion.

Study Design:  This was a retrospective case series of 131 client owned dogs. Medical records of dogs surgically treated with hemilaminectomy for intervertebral disc extrusion between January 2016 and December 2017 were reviewed for signalment, neurological grade at presentation, rate of onset and duration of clinical signs and surgical variables.

Assessment of time to completion, number of errors, and knot-holding capacity of square knots and Aberdeen knots tied by veterinary students and student perceptions of knot security and knot-tying difficulty.

Objective: To assess the time to completion, number of errors, and knot-holding capacity (KHC) for starting and ending square knots (SSKs and ESKs) of a continuous pattern and Aberdeen knots tied by veterinary students and to investigate student perceptions of knot security and knot-tying difficulty for the 3 knot types.

Sample: 16 second-year veterinary students.

Procedures: Students created 3 (4-throw) SSKs, 3 (5-throw) ESKs, and 3 (3 + 1 configuration) Aberdeen knots with 2-0 polydioxanone on a custom test apparatus.