A Simplified Model of Adenine-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease Using SKH1 Mice.

Commonly used adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) murine models often employ C57BL/6 mice; however, this strain has inherent limitations due to its natural resistance to developing key pathological features of CKD, such as tubulointerstitial fibrosis and inflammation. There have been attempts to overcome these barriers by using multiple concentrations of adenine-supplemented diets or by performing prolonged experiments up to 20 weeks. Here, we demonstrate that SKH1 Elite mice develop clinically relevant CKD phenotypes (e.

Inducible clindamycin resistance and genes in in school children in Kathmandu, Nepal.

Aim: Resistance to methicillin and Macrolide-Lincosamide and Streptogramins B and their association with genes in are unknown in Nepal.

Materials & Methods: Nonduplicate nasal swabs from 160 school children were collected from April to September 2018 and processed using standard microbiological procedures.

Results: Out of 160 samples, 64 (40%) were in which 17 (26.