Role of Gray Scale, Color Doppler and Spectral Doppler in Differentiation Between Malignant and Benign Thyroid Nodules.

Introduction: High resolution ultrasound is the most sensitive imaging test available for the examination of the thyroid gland and due to increase in use of ultrasound more incidental thyroid nodules are diagnosed. In this study we try to establish the specific grayscale, color and spectral Doppler characteristics of malignant and benign thyroid nodules.

Aim: To determine the specific gray scale characteristics, angioarchitecture and cut-off values of Doppler indices of malignant and benign thyroid nodules.

Omental infarct mimicking acute pancreatitis.

Omental infarction is a rare condition which is being increasingly reported in the literature due to the advancement in imaging techniques and its typical computed tomography appearance. Accurate diagnosis of omental infarct can be made on computed tomography, thereby avoiding exploratory surgery. We report a case of conservatively managed primary omental infarct which was clinically thought to be acute pancreatitis.

Focal hepatic lesions characterisation by different sonographic techniques: a prospective analysis.

Introduction: Ultrasound is usually the first diagnostic investigation for the assessment of liver lesions. Apart from conventional sonography (CS), new grey-scale sonographic techniques have been developed which have increased the application of ultrasound in liver imaging. The present study was undertaken to compare image quality of CS, real-time compound sonography (RTCS), tissue harmonic sonography (THS) and tissue harmonic compound sonography (THCS) in focal liver lesions.

A Case of Exophytic Angiomyolipoma of the Liver.

Hepatic angiomyolipoma (AML) is a benign liver tumor, composed mainly of blood vessels, smooth muscle, and fat cells in varying proportions. We report on a case of resected hepatic AML which was diagnosed preoperatively using contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan.

A Case of Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans of the Trunk.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is a rare, usually superficial soft tissue sarcoma, which is diagnosed by its typical clinical manifestations. We report a case of histopathologically proved dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of the left upper posterior trunk in a 35-year-old female for whom complete surgical resection was done.

Idiopathic subareolar breast abscess in a male patient.

We present a case of left breast abscess in a young male patient who presented with acute onset swelling left breast. Imaging studies helped in accurate diagnosis and the case was managed by subareolar incision and drainage. Subareolar breast abscess is an uncommon entity in male and should be kept as a differential diagnosis for male breast swellings.

Arnold Chiari malformation with spina bifida: a lost opportunity of folic Acid supplementation.

In Arnold Chiari (kee-AHR-ee) II malformation elongated cerebellar tonsils are displaced inferiorly through the Foramen Magnum into the upper cervical spinal canal. It is a complex anomaly with skull, dura, brain, spine and cord manifestations. Meningomyelocele is seen in all cases.

Unusual cause for abdominal pain in cirrhosis : thrombosed intrahepatic portal vein aneurysms.

Portal venous system aneurysm is a rare condition with very few reported cases in English literature. With the increasing availability of advanced imaging modalities like Doppler ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, portal venous system aneurysms are being increasingly reported. Here, we report a rare case of multiple intrahepatic portal venous system aneurysms complicated by thrombosis in a young patient with chronic liver disease and portal hypertension.

A Case of Intermittently Discharging Skin Lesion: Orodentocutaneous Fistula Demonstrated on CT Fistulography.

Orodentocutaneous fistula is a rare entity where periapical dental abscess communicates with both oral cavity and external skin. In few cases, patients presents initially with only cutaneous manifestation with no recollectable history of dental problem. Delay in diagnosis of odontogenic cause of skin lesion makes the disease more chronic and extensive.

Spontaneous emphysematous osteomyelitis of spine detected by computed tomography: Report of two cases.

We hereby report two cases of spontaneous emphysematous osteomyelitis of spine caused by gas forming organisms in diabetic patients, which were diagnosed using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging with one case managed successfully. These cases highlight the role of CT in diagnosis of gas forming spinal infections, especially in diabetic patients. Early and aggressive management is required in those cases to avoid mortality.

Doppler Sonography and 3D CT Angiography of Acquired Uterine Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs): Report of Two Cases.

Uterine Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs) are rare but life threatening causes of abnormal vaginal bleeding. Accurate clinical and radiological diagnosis is essential because uterine instrumentation that is often used for management of other sources of abnormal bleeding, can lead to massive hemorrhage. Timely diagnosis and early proper treatment can markedly reduce the associated disease mortality.

Aneurysm of external jugular vein mimicking hemangioma of neck.

Venous aneurysms are one of the rare causes of neck swellings. Among neck veins, external jugular vein aneurysms are uncommon. We present a case of a woman who presented with a nontender compressible swelling in the left lower neck region, which initially thought to be hemangioma, was later found to be external jugular vein aneurysm on Doppler ultrasound and CT angiography.

A case of fecaloma.

Fecalomas represent firm organized form of impacted feces. They are commonly seen in sigmoid colon. We report a case of large fecaloma in young adult female with chronic constipation, which was managed conservatively.