[A Case of Radically Resected Sigmoid Colon Cancer with Bladder Invasion after Chemotherapy and Weight Loss in an Extremely Obese Patient].

A 30's extremely obese patient(body mass index: BMI 45 kg/m2)was referred to our hospital with a chief complaint of bloody urine and stool. Colonoscopy revealed a sigmoid colon tumor. Barium enema examination revealed stenosis of the sigmoid colon.

[A Case of Initially Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Curatively Resected after Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy with Gemcitabine].

Background: The neoadjuvant therapy against locally advanced pancreatic cancer(LAPC)have been developed by combining radiation with chemotherapy. We experienced a case of LAPC performed R0 resection and obtained high histopathological effect by carbon-ion radiotherapy with gemcitabine(GEM).

Case Presentation: A 65-year-old male with epigastric and back pain was suspected as pancreas cancer by FDG-PET/CT scan, and was referred to our hospital.

[A Successful Case of Pancreaticoduodenectomy after Neoadjuvant Therapy for Pancreatic Head Cancer with Acute Pancreatitis Due to Iatrogenic Injury of the Pancreatic Duct].

A 64-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for treatment of pancreatic head cancer with acute pancreatitis due to iatrogenic injury of the pancreatic duct during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. In addition to a 28 mm pancreatic head tumor, soft tissue shadow and fluid collection surrounding the superior mesenteric artery(SMA)due to pancreatitis were observed in the abdominal CT scan. The tumor was histologically diagnosed as adenocarcinoma by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration.

Low-temperature Raman spectroscopy of sodium-pump rhodopsin from : insight of Na binding for active Na transport.

We carried out the low-temperature Raman measurement of a sodium pump rhodopsin from Indibacter alkaliphilus (IaNaR) and examined the primary structural change for the light-driven Na+ pump. We observed that photoexcitation of IaNaR produced the distorted 13-cis retinal chromophore in the presence of Na+, while the structural distortion was significantly relaxed in the absence of Na+. This structural difference of the chromophore with/without Na+ was attributed to the Na+ binding to the protein, which alters the active site.

Efficacy of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for patient with morbid obesity and type 1 diabetes mellitus: a case report.

Background: Bariatric surgery is effective for the treatment of patients with morbid obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), for body weight loss and glycemic control. However, in Japan, there has been no previous report of the effectiveness bariatric surgery in a case of morbid obesity associated with acute onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), in which pancreatic β-cells were destroyed and endogenous insulin was depleted.

Case Presentation: A 36-year-old woman with morbid obesity and T1DM, diagnosed when she was 6 years, was admitted for bariatric surgery.

MicroRNA-593-3p Expression in Peritoneal Lavage Fluid as a Prognostic Marker for Pancreatic Cancer Patients Undergoing Staging Laparoscopy.

Background: Some presumed resectable pancreatic cancer patients harbor radiographically occult metastases that are incidentally identified at the time of abdominal exploration. This study aims to identify novel diagnostic or predictive microRNA (miRNA) markers for subclinical peritoneal dissemination in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing abdominal exploration.

Methods: Peritoneal lavage fluid samples were harvested from 74 patients with pancreatic cancer at the time of staging laparoscopy.

Intracholecystic papillary neoplasm arising in the cystic duct and extending into common bile duct: a case report.

An 83-year-old man without specific symptoms was referred to our hospital for further evaluation and treatment of apparent double primary tumors of the cystic duct and common bile duct. Computed tomography showed contrast-enhanced solid tumors in the cystic duct and common bile duct. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that the bile duct tumor was isointense on T1-weighted images and had low intensity on T2-weighted images.

Triple-Methyl Blockade With Recombinant Methioninase, Cycloleucine, and Azacitidine Arrests a Pancreatic Cancer Patient-Derived Orthotopic Xenograft Model.

Objectives: Methionine addiction is a fundamental and general hallmark of cancer caused by enhanced methyl flux. In the present study, we effected a novel methionine-methylation blockade to target a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft model of pancreatic cancer.

Methods: The pancreatic cancer patient-derived orthotopic xenograft mouse models were randomized into 6 groups of 8 mice each and treated for 2 weeks: untreated control; azacitidine; oral recombinant methioninase (o-rMETase); o-rMETase plus cycloleucine; o-rMETase plus cycloleucine plus azacitidine (triple-methyl blockade therapy); and gemcitabine (positive control).

Protection of liver sinusoids by intravenous administration of human Muse cells in a rat extra-small partial liver transplantation model.

Small-for-size syndrome (SFSS) has a poor prognosis due to excessive shear stress and sinusoidal microcirculatory disturbances in the acute phase after living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT). Multilineage-differentiating stress enduring (Muse) cells are reparative stem cells found in various tissues and currently under clinical trials. These cells selectively home to damaged sites via the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)-S1P receptor 2 system and repair damaged tissue by pleiotropic effects, including tissue protection and damaged/apoptotic cell replacement by differentiating into tissue-constituent cells.

Synthesis of Tricyclic Laddersiloxane with Various Ring Sizes (Bat Siloxane).

A new synthetic method for tricyclic laddersiloxanes, ladder-type silsesquioxanes with defined structures, is developed based on intramolecular cyclization of hydrosilyl-functionalized cyclic siloxanes. This method enables the construction of unprecedented laddersiloxanes with various ring sizes. Herein, the preparation of tricyclic laddersiloxanes containing 6-8-6-, 8-8-8-, or 12-8-12-membered-ring systems is reported.

Resection rate curves by location along the small intestine provide perspectives on characteristics of Crohn's disease.

Aim: Crohn's disease (CD) can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract; however, the frequency of CD lesions differs by location. This work aimed to examine resection rates by location to clarify locational characteristics of the small intestine in surgical CD cases.

Method: This was a single-centre retrospective case note review of patients who had undergone resection for CD affecting the small intestine between January 2014 and February 2020.

BEX2 suppresses mitochondrial activity and is required for dormant cancer stem cell maintenance in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) define a subpopulation of cancer cells that are resistant to therapy. However, little is known of how CSC characteristics are regulated. We previously showed that dormant cancer stem cells are enriched with a CD274 fraction of cholangiocarcinoma cells.

O-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase and glucose transporter 2 in foregut and hindgut gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms.

Background: Streptozocin (STZ) is used for treating both pancreatic (PanNET) and gastrointestinal (GI-NET) neuroendocrine tumors but its therapeutic efficacy is relatively low in GI-NETs. Therefore, it has become pivotal to select GI-NET patients who could benefit from STZ treatment. STZ is transported via the glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) into the cells and the loss of O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) also increases its therapeutic efficacy.

Clinical practice guidelines for the management of biliary tract cancers 2019: The 3rd English edition.

Background: The Japanese Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery launched the clinical practice guidelines for the management of biliary tract cancers (cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder cancer, and ampullary cancer) in 2007, then published the 2nd version in 2014.

Methods: In this 3rd version, clinical questions (CQs) were proposed on six topics. The recommendation, grade for recommendation, and statement for each CQ were discussed and finalized by an evidence-based approach.

Functionalised polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane with encapsulated fluoride - first observation of fluxional SiF interactions in POSS.

The synthesis of a styryl functionalised POSS incorporating an encapsulated fluoride ion within a (SiO) cage (T-F) is reported. It was characterised by single crystal XRD, MALDI-MS, FTIR, solution (Si, F, C, H) and solid state (Si, F) NMR. In the absence of H decoupling, the Si solution NMR spectrum exhibited a triplet of doublets.

Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for an ascending colon cancer patient with an implantable left ventricular assist device: a case report.

Background: Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) currently play an important role in the treatment of patients with end-stage heart failure who require a bridge to heart transplantation or destination therapy. With the development and improvement of the LVADs, the morbidity and mortality rates are declining and life expectancies increasing, and the number of patients with LVADs requiring non-cardiac surgery is likely to increase. We present the case of a patient with implantable LVAD who underwent laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for ascending colon cancer.

GNAS mutation detection in circulating cell-free DNA is a specific predictor for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas, especially for intestinal subtype.

Pancreatic cystic neoplasms (PCNs) are a heterogeneous group with varying risks of malignancy. To explore the clinical utility of liquid biopsy in cyst type classification, we analyzed the GNAS/KRAS mutations in circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) obtained from 57 patients with histologically diagnosed PCNs, including 34 with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) and compared the mutant allele prevalence and variant patterns with the paired resected specimens using next-generation sequencing. The positive prevalence of GNAS mutations in cfDNA of patients with IPMN (n = 11, 32%) was significantly higher than that in those with other PCNs (0%, P = 0.

Large Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Cages: The Isolation of Functionalized POSS with an Unprecedented Si O Core.

The synthesis of organo-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS, (R-SiO ) , T ) is an area of significant activity. To date, T is the largest such cage synthesized and isolated as a single isomer. Herein, we report an unprecedented, single-isomer styryl-functionalized T POSS.

Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 is a key mediator in TLR3 ligand and Smac mimetic-induced cell death and suppresses TLR3 ligand-promoted invasion in cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) ligand which activates TLR3 signaling induces both cancer cell death and activates anti-tumor immunity. However, TLR3 signaling can also harbor pro-tumorigenic consequences. Therefore, we examined the status of TLR3 in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cases to better understand TLR3 signaling and explore the potential therapeutic target in CCA.

Prognostic impact of intraoperative peritoneal cytology after neoadjuvant therapy for potentially resectable pancreatic cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) is considered a potential approach to improve survival for patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA). The objective of this study was to identify the clinical implications of washing peritoneal cytology (CY) status after NAT.

Methods: Between 2005 and 2016, 151 consecutive patients with resectable (R)/borderline resectable (BR) PA underwent NAT with intention of subsequent resection at our institution.

Synthesis of Tetrachloro, Tetraiodo, and Tetraazido Double-Decker Siloxanes.

A convenient and scalable (gram-scale) route to unprecedented TD-double-decker siloxanes (DDSQs) bearing four chloro () or four azido () groups is reported. Both compounds were characterized and proved to undergo successful nucleophilic substitution for (with iodide or azide) and copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne [3 + 2] cycloaddition for . All of these transformations occurred under mild conditions, and the corresponding DDSQs were prepared in very high yields.