Serum erythropoietin level is increased during stimulation for IVF but not in OHSS.

Background: Erythropoietin (Epo) is a potent vascular growth factor that induces angiogenesis and antiapoptotic signalling. We investigated whether the development of numerous follicles and corpora lutea during in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle affects circulating Epo levels and further, if Epo could be used as a novel marker for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).

Methods: 24 women were included in the uncomplicated IVF group and 35 women in the OHSS group.

Analysis of Non-Relapsed and Relapsed Adult Type Granulosa Cell Tumors Suggests Stable Transcriptomes during Tumor Progression.

Adult-type granulosa cell tumor (AGCT) is a rare ovarian malignancy characterized by slow growth and hormonal activity. The prognosis of AGCT is generally favorable, but one-third of patients with low-stage disease experience a late relapse, and over half of them die of AGCT. To identify markers that would distinguish patients at risk for relapse, we performed Lexogen QuantSeq 3' mRNA sequencing on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded, archival AGCT tissue samples tested positive for the pathognomonic Forkhead Box L2 () mutation.

Plasma pentraxin 3 is higher in early ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome than in uncomplicated in vitro fertilization cycle of high-risk women.

Purpose: Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a locally secreted, quicker responsive pro-inflammatory protein than C-reactive protein (CRP). We evaluated the value of PTX3 in the prediction of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), a severe complication of in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Methods: This two-year prospective follow-up study included 27 women with uncomplicated IVF-cycles (IVF group) and 31 patients diagnosed with moderate or severe early OHSS (OHSS group).

Functional Profiling of FSH and Estradiol in Ovarian Granulosa Cell Tumors.

Adult-type granulosa cell tumors (AGCTs) are sex-cord derived neoplasms with a propensity for late relapse. Hormonal modulators have been used empirically in the treatment of recurrent AGCT, albeit with limited success. To provide a more rigorous foundation for hormonal therapy in AGCT, we used a multimodal approach to characterize the expressions of key hormone biomarkers in 175 tumor specimens and 51 serum samples using RNA sequencing, immunohistochemistry, RNA hybridization, quantitative PCR, and circulating biomarker analysis, and correlated these results with clinical data.

Hormone profiling, including anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), for the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and characterization of PCOS phenotypes.

Objective was to evaluate serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and in its different phenotypes in relation to clinical, endocrine and metabolic parameters using a new automated VIDAS method and to compare it with the Gen II method. Study design was multi-center study including 319 PCOS women and 109 healthy controls. Serum AMH levels measured using VIDAS were significantly higher in PCOS women than controls ( < .

Other Primary Malignancies Among Women With Adult-Type Ovarian Granulosa Cell Tumors.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of new primary malignancies after adult-type granulosa cell tumor (AGCT) and the incidence of AGCT after breast and uterine cancer using nationwide population-based registry data.

Methods: We used the Finnish Cancer Registry to identify all patients diagnosed with AGCT in 1968 to 2013 (n = 986). The number of subsequent primary malignancies among women with AGCT and the number of AGCTs in women with previous breast or uterine cancer were compared with the expected number of cases and expressed as standardized incidence ratios (SIRs).

The mental health of mothers and fathers during pregnancy and early parenthood after successful oocyte donation treatment: A nested case-control study.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the mental health problems between parents after oocyte donation treatment, after in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) with own gametes and after naturally conceiving (NC).

Material And Methods: This is a prospective, longitudinal questionnaire study. The study group consisted of 26 oocyte donation mothers and their matched IVF/ICSI (n = 52) and NC (n = 52) controls.

Selective progesterone receptor modulators: new possibilities for gynecologic hormone therapy.

Progesterone regulates several female reproductive functions. Progesterone and synthetic progestins derived from it have long been utilized in gynecology. The effects of these steroids in target cells are mediated via progesterone receptors, Progesterone receptors are also the target of action of selective progesterone receptor modulators.

Systematic drug sensitivity testing reveals synergistic growth inhibition by dasatinib or mTOR inhibitors with paclitaxel in ovarian granulosa cell tumor cells.

Objective: Resistance to standard chemotherapy poses a major clinical problem in the treatment of ovarian cancer patients. Adult-type granulosa cell tumor (AGCT) is a unique ovarian cancer subtype for which efficient treatment options are lacking in advanced disease. To this end, systematic drug response and transcriptomics profiling were performed to uncover new therapy options for AGCTs.

Roles of human epididymis protein 4, carbohydrate antigen 125, inhibin B and anti-Müllerian hormone in the differential diagnosis and follow-up of ovarian granulosa cell tumors.

Objective: Evaluation of circulating tumor markers in ovarian cancer is crucial for optimal patient care. The goal of this study was to verify the most accurate circulating tumor markers for the diagnosis and follow-up of adult-type granulosa cell tumors (AGCTs).

Methods: The levels of circulating human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), together with AGCT markers inhibin B and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), were measured in 135 samples from AGCT patients, 37 epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) patients, and 40 endometrioma (ENDO) patients.

C-reactive protein response is higher in early than in late ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

Objectives: Many in vitro fertilization (IVF) complications are inflammatory by nature, some of which are even life-threatening. We evaluated the response of C-reactive protein (CRP) in IVF complications, especially in early and late ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), to support clinical decision making in gynecological emergency policlinics.

Study Design: In a prospective two-year study at Helsinki University Hospital, Finland, we recruited patients with IVF complications including moderate or severe OHSS (n=47 patients: 36 early and 14 late OHSS cases), or other IVF complications (n=13).

FOXL2 402C>G Mutation Can Be Identified in the Circulating Tumor DNA of Patients with Adult-Type Granulosa Cell Tumor.

Adult granulosa cell tumors (AGCTs) of the ovary are molecularly characterized by the pathognomonic FOXL2 402C>G (C134W) mutation. To improve diagnostics and follow-up, we developed a specific digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) assay to detect the FOXL2 mutation in the circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) of AGCT patients. Optimization of the ddPCR assay was performed using a TaqMan primer/probe with the RainDance RainDrop digital PCR system.

Circulating levels of TNF-related apoptosis inducing-ligand are decreased in patients with large adult-type granulosa cell tumors-implications for therapeutic potential.

Targeted treatments are needed for advanced adult-type granulosa cell tumors (AGCTs). We set out to assess tumor tissue and circulating levels of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a promising anti-cancer cytokine, in patients affected by AGCT. We analyzed tissue expression of TRAIL in 127 AGCTs using immunohistochemistry or RT-PCR.

Characteristics and outcome of recurrence in molecularly defined adult-type ovarian granulosa cell tumors.

Objective: Adult-type ovarian granulosa cell tumors (AGCTs) have an unpredictable tendency to relapse. In a carefully validated patient cohort, we evaluated the prognostic factors related to AGCT recurrence.

Methods: We identified all patients diagnosed with AGCT during 1956-2014 in Helsinki University Hospital, with a minimum follow-up of one year (n=240).

Immune activation enhances epithelial nerve growth in provoked vestibulodynia.

Background: Provoked vestibulodynia manifests as allodynia of the vulvar vestibular mucosa. The exact mechanisms that result in altered pain sensation are unknown. Recently, we demonstrated the presence of secondary lymphoid tissue, which is the vestibule-associated lymphoid tissue in the vestibular mucosa, and showed that this tissue becomes activated in provoked vestibulodynia.

[Diagnosis and follow-up observation of granulosa cell tumor of the ovary are becoming more precise].

Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary is a rare, hormonally active ovarian cancer, typical symptoms of which include various gynecological bleeding disorders. Adult granulosa cell tumor is most commonly detected at stage I, whereupon the prognosis is good. The disease, however, recurs in one third of stage I patients and leads to death in half of these.

Molecularly Defined Adult Granulosa Cell Tumor of the Ovary: The Clinical Phenotype.

The histopathologic features of adult granulosa cell tumors (AGCTs) are relatively nonspecific, resulting in misdiagnosis of other cancers as AGCT, a problem that has not been well characterized. FOXL2 mutation testing was used to stratify 336 AGCTs from three European centers into three categories: 1) FOXL2 mutant molecularly defined AGCT (MD-AGCT) (n = 256 of 336), 2) FOXL2 wild-type AGCT (n = 17 of 336), 3) misdiagnosed other tumor types (n = 63 of 336). All statistical tests were two-sided.

[Somatic examination of a female victim of a sexual offence].

Examination of a female victim of a sexual offence is carried out usually within seven days of the incident. It includes an interview, inspection and documentation of bodily injuries, gynecologic examination and collection of specimens of sexually transmitted diseases and appropriate forensic specimens. Preventive antimicrobial therapy and postcoital contraception will also be provided.

Incidence and occupational variation of ovarian granulosa cell tumours in Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden during 1953-2012: a longitudinal cohort study.

Objective: To determine the incidence and occupational variation of granulosa cell tumours (GCTs) in Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden over a 60-year period, 1953-2012.

Design: A longitudinal cohort study.

Setting And Population: Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden and a total of 249 million women over a 60-year period (1953-2012).

Mental health and developmental outcomes for children born after ART: a comparative prospective study on child gender and treatment type.

Study Question: Do children born after assisted reproductive techniques (ART; IVF/ICSI) display more mental health issues or social and cognitive developmental problems at 7-8 years than naturally conceived (NC) controls, and does child gender play a role?

Summary Answer: ART children do not differ with regard to mental health or social and cognitive developmental problems when compared with controls, but some gender-specific differences do exist.

What Is Known Already: Systematic reviews have not found any evidence of delays in neurocognitive or sensorimotor development in ART children. However findings on the effect of the type of ART treatment (IVF versus ICSI) on the offspring's physical and mental development have not been uniform.

Combined comparative genomic hybridization and transcriptomic analyses of ovarian granulosa cell tumors point to novel candidate driver genes.

Background: Ovarian granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) are the most frequent sex cord-stromal tumors. Several studies have shown that a somatic mutation leading to a C134W substitution in the transcription factor FOXL2 appears in more than 95% of adult-type GCTs. Its pervasive presence suggests that FOXL2 is the main cancer driver gene.

The clinical utility of serum anti-Müllerian hormone in the follow-up of ovarian adult-type granulosa cell tumors--A comparative study with inhibin B.

Ovarian adult-type granulosa cell tumors (AGCTs) require prolonged follow-up, but evidence regarding the optimal follow-up marker is lacking. The objective of our study was to validate the clinical usefulness of serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and the current marker inhibin B as single and combined markers of AGCTs. We conducted a longitudinal, partially prospective cohort study of 123 premenopausal and postmenopausal AGCT patients with a median follow-up time of 10.

Activation of vestibule-associated lymphoid tissue in localized provoked vulvodynia.

Objective: Localized provoked vulvodynia (LPV) may have inflammatory etiology. We wanted to find out whether the cell-mediated immune system becomes activated in the vestibular mucosa in LPV.

Study Design: This was a controlled cross-sectional study.

Clinical characteristics and survival of patients with an adult-type ovarian granulosa cell tumor: a 56-year single-center experience.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate clinical prognostic factors and survival of patients with ovarian granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) in a long-term follow-up study.

Methods: A total of 240 adult-type GCTs diagnosed in Helsinki University Central Hospital from 1956 to 2012 were histologically reevaluated. Data were analyzed for several clinical factors in relation to major developments in imaging, surgery, and chemotherapy: the old era (1956-1983) and the new era (1984-2012).