Armed conflict effects in intimate partner violence: Revealing pathways using the socioecological framework.

We explored women's narratives about their experiences as victim-survivors of multiple forms of armed conflict violence and intimate partner violence (IPV) in Colombia and examined pathways that clarify the relationships between these two types of violence. Thematic analysis of 47 interviews identified connections that explain how armed conflict influences IPV at all levels of the socio-ecology. At the societal level, armed conflict events amplified patriarchal notions and intensified men's expressions of hypermasculinity through violence.

The rise of proximal colorectal cancer: a trend analysis of subsite specific primary colorectal cancer in the SEER database.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Given the significant prevalence of CRC, regular preventative screening is required. CRCs in different locations of the colon have variable molecular pathogenesis, gross appearance, and general disease outcomes.

Changes in Hospital Utilization Among Seriously Mentally Ill Patients Following Enrollment in an Integrated Primary and Behavioral Health Care Program.

Objectives: Integrated primary and behavioral health care models are emerging to improve access to care; however, the effect they have on utilization and expenditure has yet to be studied.

Methods: A retrospective, longitudinal review of all patients (N = 343; 97% Medicaid) enrolled in our primary and behavioral health care program looked at hospital utilization up to a year before and after enrollment and estimated spending from Medicaid reimbursement data.

Results: There was a significant decrease in emergency department (ED) visits per person before enrollment vs after enrollment (2.

The impact of junk food marketing regulations on food sales: an ecological study.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of junk food broadcast marketing policies on nationwide junk food sales and identify policy characteristics effective in reducing sales.

Methods: Country policy data (n = 79) were categorized in a thorough literature review and analysed using a repeated measures design against data on food sales per capita. Study conducted in United States, 2017.

Making It Work Without a Family Drug Court: Connecticut's Approach to Parental Substance Abuse in the Child Welfare System.

Parental substance abuse presents, complex challenges for the child welfare system and courts. This article describes the State of Connecticut's experience implementing the Recovery Specialist Voluntary Program (RSVP), a recovery support program designed to confront the problem of parental substance abuse within the child welfare system without, a family drug court. The state-level collaboration efforts, system changes, factors affecting development and implementation of RSVP, program participants, and preliminary outcomes are described.

Bringing adolescents into substance abuse treatment through community outreach and engagement: the Hartford Youth Project.

While outreach and case management services have been shown to improve retention of at-risk youth in behavioral health treatment, these important support services are challenging to implement. The Hartford Youth Project (HYP), established by the Connecticut Department of Children and Families as a pilot for the state adolescent substance abuse treatment system, made outreach and engagement integral to its system of care. HYPbrought together a network of stakeholders: referral sources (juvenile justice, schools, community agencies, child welfare, and families); community-based outreach agencies; treatment providers; and an administrative service organization responsible for project coordination.

Treating juvenile offenders for marijuana problems.

Aims: This study investigated the characteristics and substance abuse treatment experience of two differentially defined groups of juvenile offenders, those who were referred or otherwise involved with the legal system and those who reported recent criminal behavior.

Design: Six hundred adolescents from the Cannabis Youth Treatment (CYT) Project were classified by criminal justice system involvement and recent criminal behavior. Multivariate and repeated-measures techniques explored substance use frequency, substance use problems, psychological and social risk factors and treatment outcomes as functions of criminal status.

Alcohol and drug abuse among Connecticut youth: implications for adolescent medicine and public health.

In 1995, a statewide survey of alcohol and other drug use was conducted in a random sample of approximately 4,000 7th to 12th graders in public schools in Connecticut. The survey, part of a statewide substance abuse treatment needs assessment, showed that use of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana was widespread and increasing, particularly among younger students. Connecticut's students reported higher rates of substance use compared to their peers nationwide.

Intention to postpone sexual initiation among Puerto Rican female adolescents.

The purpose of this analysis is to examine the factors associated with intentions to initiate sexual intercourse among a group of female high school students in Puerto Rico. A large metropolitan high school was purposively selected for the study. The mean age of the girls who participated in the study (N = 133) was 16.

Puerto Rican youth in drug treatment facilities: who volunteers for HIV testing?

This paper examines the characteristics of youngsters in drug treatment who volunteer for AIDS testing in comparison to those who do not. HIV Antibodies testing was offered on a voluntary basis to a sample of 250 Puerto Rican youngsters enrolled in three ambulatory drug treatment centers in 1991. Sixty-six percent of the youngsters agreed to take the test.

Psychosocial correlates of drug use among Puerto Rican youth: generational status differences.

This study investigates the role of several social psychological variables which could help explain the process by which Puerto Rican adolescents become vulnerable to drug use involvement with exposure to a host society, New York City, where the prevalence of drug use is higher than in the society of origin. Puerto Rico. To study how acculturation affects the psychosocial factors associated with adolescent drug use, four generational status groups of Puerto Rican students living in two settings--New York City and San Juan, Puerto Rico--were surveyed: New York Ricans (New York City-born Puerto Ricans); New York migrants (island-born Puerto Ricans living in New York); Puerto Rican islanders (adolescents who had never lived outside of Puerto Rico); and Puerto Rican immigrants (New York City-born youngsters of Puerto Rican parentage whose families had returned to live on the Island).

Patterns of personal health practice: men and women in the United States.

This investigation examined the dimensionality of personal health practices among 1,171 men and 1,854 women included in a national probability sample of adults 20 to 64 years of age living in the coterminous United States. Data on a wide range of personal health behaviors were collected in the 1979 National Survey of Personal Health Practices and Consequences. I used gender-specific factor analyses to uncover the underlying domains of 10 different types of health behavior.

Obstetric care among family physicians in Pennsylvania. Trends, association with residency training, and policy implications.

A study was designed to investigate the status of obstetric practice by Pennsylvania family physicians and its relationship to family practice residency training. A 50% probability sample of all family and general physicians and of all graduates of Pennsylvania family practice residency programs was surveyed by mail. Ten percent of Pennsylvania family physicians and general practitioners reported currently practicing obstetrics, 44% of whom said they planned to stop within 3 years.

Microcomputer-generated reminders. Improving the compliance of primary care physicians with mammography screening guidelines.

Recent studies have documented that physician compliance with recommended periodic health screening improves with reminders to physicians. These reminders, however, are often costly to maintain and modify. This study investigates the influence of a microcomputer tickler system on the ordering of mammograms.

Drug use among Puerto Rican youth: an exploration of generational status differences.

An analysis of the relationship between generational status, or a migrational experience, and adolescent drug use takes advantage of a natural experiment--the migration of Puerto Ricans to the continental United States and their immigration back to the island. Although researchers have studied different sources of variation in adolescent drug use behavior, few have examined the drug use experience of the same ethnic group in varying sociocultural settings. The present study focused on the drug use involvement of four generational status groups of Puerto Rican adolescents in two different settings--New York City and San Juan, Puerto Rico.

The day hospital as entry point to a network of long-term services: a program evaluation.

One hundred twenty-six admissions to a time-limited day hospital program were studied to obtain evaluative and descriptive information about the program and its patients. Patients most likely to complete the program were older, lived with their families, had intermediate amounts of prior inpatient admissions, and had no arrest record. Among all study patients admitted to the day hospital (dropouts as well as graduates), 62 percent were still participating in at least one long-term treatment and rehabilitation program of the parent community mental health service six months after they left the day hospital.