Acute traumatic diaphragmatic ruptures: A retrospective study of 48 cases.

Purpose: Traumatic diaphragmatic rupture (TDR) is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, and the preoperative diagnosis is difficult.

Methods: Forty-eight patients with TDR were treated in our department between January 2000 and May 2009. The cause, location, size of rupture, associated morbidity and mortality, surgical material for repair, and predictive factors for overall outcome were evaluated.

Temperature-dependent growth shapes of Ni nanoclusters on NiAl(110).

Scanning tunneling microscopy studies reveal that two-dimensional nanoscale Ni islands formed by deposition of Ni on NiAl(110) between 200-400 K exhibit far-from-equilibrium growth shapes which change systematically with temperature. Island structure reflects the two types of adsorption sites available for Ni adatoms, and island shapes are controlled by the details of adatom diffusion along island edges accounting for numerous local configurations. The temperature dependence of the island shapes is captured and elucidated by kinetic Monte Carlo simulation of a realistic atomistic-level multisite lattice-gas model incorporating precise diffusion barriers.

A new hypothesis about neuronal degeneration appeared after a rat model of menopause.

Objective: Estrogen is suggested to be one of the most important regulators of neuronal function, including neuronal proliferation, survival and plasticity. There is a broad consensus that the loss of ovarian hormones is associated with neurodegeneration in the hippocampus that leads to cognitive impairment.

Methods: A total of 8 female rats which were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy were included in this study.

Plasma citrulline levels predict intestinal toxicity in patients treated with pelvic radiotherapy.

Background: Radiotherapy (RT) for abdominal and pelvic malignancies often causes severe small bowel toxicity. Citrulline concentrations are known to decrease with intestinal failure. We thus evaluated the feasibility of plasma citrulline levels in predicting radiation-induced intestinal toxicity.

Effects of diabetes and ovariectomy on rat hippocampus (a biochemical and stereological study).

Oxidative stress is one of the main reasons of both menopause and diabetes. So, it plays crucial role in the pathogeneses of that condition and disease. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of menopause and diabetes upon the hippocampus using a rat model.

Liver transplantation from an upper midline incision.

Objectives: To evaluate the minimally invasive incision to the recipient of a liver transplant.

Materials And Methods: A 55-year-old man with cirrhosis due to hepatitis B accompanied by hepatocellular carcinoma underwent a right lobe, living-donor liver transplant using an 18-cm long, upper midline incision. The recipient hepatectomy was performed from the left to the right side (from medial to lateral).

Stereological evaluation of the kidneys of anencephalic and normal fetuses.

The aim of this study is to test the glomerular and other quantitative parameters of kidneys of anencephalic fetuses and comparing those to "normal" fetuses. In this study, 20 kidneys of human fetuses (5 boys and 5 girls of anencephalic fetus, and 5 boys and 5 girls of normal fetus), at gestational ages of 25-30 weeks, were examined. This study is based on two basic research methods: one is a conventional anatomical measurement at the macroscopical level; the other is a design-biased stereological method at the microscopical level.

Distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase-expressing interneurons with respect to anatomical organization of the neostriatum.

We have recently shown in vitro that striatal tyrosine hydroxylase-expressing interneurons identified in transgenic mice by expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (TH-eGFP) display electrophysiological profiles that are distinct from those of other striatal interneurons. Furthermore, striatal TH-eGFP interneurons show marked diversity in their electrophysiological properties and have been divided into four distinct subtypes. One question that arises from these observations is whether striatal TH-eGFP interneurons are distributed randomly, or obey some sort of organizational plan as has been shown to be the case with other striatal interneurons.

Nucleation and growth of Ag islands on the (√3 × √3)R30° phase of Ag on Si(111).

We use scanning tunneling microscopy to measure densities and characteristics of Ag islands that form on the (√3 × √3)R30°-Ag phase on Si(111), as a function of deposition temperature. Nucleation theory predicts that the logarithm of island density varies linearly with inverse deposition temperature. The data show two linear regimes.

Relation of hepatitis B core antigen expression with histological activity, serum HBeAg, and HBV DNA levels.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a potentially life-threatening liver infection which may progress to liver failure and cirrhosis. Intrahepatic expression patterns of viral antigens detected by immunohistochemistry may have prognostic implications in disease process.

Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the HBV core antigen (HBcAg) expression and histological activity index (HAI), fibrosis, serum hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) status and HBV DNA levels in patients with chronic HBV infection.

Effects of diabetes mellitus on the rat liver during the postmenopausal period.

The present study investigated whether diabetes worsened the onset of liver injury/damage during the ovariectomized (OVX)-induced postmenopausal period in rats. Diabetes results in severe complications in humans, such as liver failure. Estrogen and its derivatives are medically acceptable, powerful antioxidant agents that can enable liver and other important organs to defend themselves against oxidative related injury.

Stereological and histological analysis of the developing rat heart.

We studied with quantitative and microscopical methods the heart of rats divided into five age groups: embryos at the age of 11 days, fetuses at the age of 16 days and 20 days and also heart samples of 3-day-old pups and young adults (5 weeks of age) were used (n = 10 samples in each group). At the end of the study; heart samples were obtained from all animals. Stereological estimations were performed on heart volume, volume of heart lumen (ventricles and atria), volume of myocardium, numerical density of the myocyte nuclei and mean nuclear diameter of myocytes.

The neuroprotective role of boric acid on aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity.

This study was designed to investigate the qualitative and quantitative changes in brain tissue following aluminum chloride (AlCl(3)) administration and to determine whether boric acid (BA) has a protective effect against brain damage induced by AlCl( 3). For this aim, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly separated into eight groups: (1) control, (2) AlCl(3) (5 mg/kg/day), (3, 4 and 5) BA (3.25, 36 and 58.

Preoperative angiographic guidewire localization of the bleeding small bowel segment.

Angiography is helpful to detect the site of bleeding in patients with overt gastrointestinal bleeding. However, angiography sometimes cannot give bleeding location precisely to the surgeons particularly for small bowel bleedings. We described angiography-directed preoperative guidewire placement for localization of the bleeding during laparotomy.

Effects of haloperidol on striatal neurons: relation to neuronal loss (a stereological study).

In the present work, we investigated the effect of chronic haloperidol administration on the number of striatal neurons in guinea pigs. For this purpose, adult male guinea pigs were given daily injections of 1, 2 or 3 mg/kg of haloperidol for 6 weeks. After treatment, the animals were anesthetized via brief inhalation of ether, the brains were removed and the corpus striatum was dissected.

Growth hormone reduces tissue damage in rat ovaries subjected to torsion and detorsion: biochemical and histopathologic evaluation.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of growth hormone (GH) as an antioxidant and tissue-protective agent and analyse the biochemical and histopathological changes in rat ovaries due to experimental ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Study Design: Forty-eight adult female rats were randomly divided into eight groups. In Group 1, a period of bilateral ovarian ischemia was applied.

Nanodomains due to phason defects at a quasicrystal surface.

Among the three coexisting types of terraces found on the twofold surface of the d-Al-Cu-Co quasicrystal, nanodomains are essentially observed on the transition-metal rich ones, with a coherent interface boundary. Both clean surface and Ag growth analyses, demonstrate that nanodomain surfaces are structurally identical to one of the two other terraces, which contains 85 at. % Al.

Effects of hypertension and ovariectomy on rat hepatocytes. Are amlodipine and lacidipine protective? (A stereological and histological study).

Background/aims: Calcium channel blockers are increasingly used for the treatment of hypertension. Menopause and hypertension are both important risk factors for liver damage and several other circulatory abnormalities. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of amlodipine and lacidipine in an ovariectomy-induced postmenopausal period model and a deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt-induced hypertensive model in rats.

Self-assembly of metal nanostructures on binary alloy surfaces.

Deposition of metals on binary alloy surfaces offers new possibilities for guiding the formation of functional metal nanostructures. This idea is explored with scanning tunneling microscopy studies and atomistic-level analysis and modeling of nonequilibrium island formation. For Au/NiAl(110), complex monolayer structures are found and compared with the simple fcc(110) bilayer structure recently observed for Ag/NiAl(110).

Macroprolactinemia, like hyperprolactinemia, may promote platelet activation.

Insulin resistance, which provides a convenient milieu for platelet activation, has been closely associated with atherosclerotic disorders. Although it often accompanies hyperprolactinemia, findings conflict concerning its clinical impact in macroprolactinemia. In order to investigate the relationship between hyperprolactinemia and platelet activation evidenced by ADP-stimulated P-selectin expression on flow cytometry, we studied hyperprolactinemic, macroprolactinemic, and normoprolactinemic subjects.

Protective effects of montelukast on ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat ovaries subjected to torsion and detorsion: biochemical and histopathologic evaluation.

Objective: To reveal the effects of montelukast as an antioxidant and tissue protective agent and study the biochemical and histopathologic changes in experimental ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat ovaries.

Design: Experimental study.

Setting: Experimental surgery laboratory in a university department.

The effect of melatonin against FK506-induced renal oxidative stress in rats.

Background: Nephrotoxicity is an important side effect of FK506 and oxidative stress has been considered as one of the possible mechanisms. The present investigation examines the ability of melatonin to protect against FK506-induced renal oxidative stress.

Methods: Thirty rats were divided into 3 groups (n = 10 each group).

Ruptured Hydatid Cysts into the Peritoneum: A Case Series.

Introduction: The rupture of a hydatid cyst into the abdominal cavity is a rare and serious complication.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we evaluated ten patients who were surgically treated for ruptured hydatid cysts into the peritoneum at a university hospital in an endemic area between 2003 and 2008.

Results: There were three female and seven male patients, with a mean age of 34.

A stereological assessment method for estimating the surface area of cycloids.

Objective: In this study, we sought to determine differences in estimations of surface area made by classical vertical uniform random (VUR) section series and vertical section series obtained perpendicular to a fixed horizontal plane.

Materials And Methods: One volunteer subject (male, 25 years of age) with no neurological deficit was chosen at random from a bank of controls in the magnetic resonance (MR) image data library of the Department of Radiology. First, a soccer ball with known geometrical features (radius: 9.