A systematic review of interventions to recognise, refer and diagnose patients with lung cancer symptoms.

Patients with lung cancer (LC) often experience delay between symptom onset and treatment. Primary healthcare professionals (HCPs) can help facilitate early diagnosis of LC through recognising early signs and symptoms and making appropriate referrals. This systematic review describes the effect of interventions aimed at helping HCPs recognise and refer individuals with symptoms suggestive of LC.

Referring patients with suspected lung cancer: a qualitative study with primary healthcare professionals in Ireland.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death globally. Most cases are diagnosed late. Primary healthcare professionals are often the first point of contact for symptoms of concern.

Scoring the Clinical Frailty Scale in the Emergency Department: The Home FIRsT Experience.

We evaluated predictors of the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) scored by an interdisciplinary team (Home FIRsT) performing comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) in our Emergency Department (ED). This was a retrospective observational study (service evaluation) utilising ED-based CGA data routinely collected by Home FIRsT between January and October 2020. A linear regression model was computed to establish independent predictors of CFS.

Primary healthcare professionals' perspectives on patient help-seeking for lung cancer warning signs and symptoms: a qualitative study.

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer incidence and mortality worldwide. Prompt patient help-seeking for signs and symptoms suggestive of lung cancer is crucial for early referral, diagnosis, and survivorship. However, individuals with potential lung cancer symptoms tend to delay help-seeking.

Promoting lung cancer awareness, help-seeking and early detection: a systematic review of interventions.

Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer death. Barriers to the early presentation for LC include lack of symptom awareness, symptom misappraisal, poor relationship with doctors and lack of access to healthcare services. Addressing such barriers can help detect LC early.

Awareness and help-seeking for early signs and symptoms of lung cancer: A qualitative study with high-risk individuals.

Purpose: Lung cancer is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of cancer death globally. Lung cancer incidence and mortality are highest among socioeconomically deprived individuals. This study explored awareness and help-seeking for early signs and symptoms of lung cancer among high-risk individuals.

Home FIRsT: interdisciplinary geriatric assessment and disposition outcomes in the Emergency Department.

Background: Older people in the Emergency Department (ED) are clinically heterogenous and some presentations may be better suited to alternative out-of-hospital pathways. A new interdisciplinary comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) team (Home FIRsT) was embedded in our acute hospital's ED in 2017.

Aim: To evaluate if routinely collected CGA metrics were associated with ED disposition outcomes.

Public Health Messaging and Strategies to Promote "SWIFT" Lung Cancer Detection: a Qualitative Study Among High-Risk Individuals.

Lung cancer (LC) is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer mortality globally. A positive association between LC incidence and socioeconomic deprivation exists. High-risk individuals are less likely to be aware of LC and to correctly appraise LC symptoms and seek medical help accordingly.

Comparison of medium to long-term outcomes of acute severe ulcerative colitis patients receiving accelerated and standard infliximab induction.

Introduction: Accelerated dose infliximab (IFX) induction is associated with reduced short-term colectomy rate in acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC). Data on medium/long-term outcomes of this strategy are limited.

Aims: Evaluate medium/long-term outcomes in patients receiving IFX induction for ASUC, comparing accelerated dose (AD) and standard dose (SD) induction.

Opt-out screening for HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C: observational study of screening acceptance, yield and treatment outcomes.

Background: We initiated an emergency department (ED) opt-out screening programme for HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) at our hospital in Dublin, Ireland. The objective of this study was to determine screening acceptance, yield and the impact on follow-up care.

Methods: From July 2015 through June 2018, ED patients who underwent phlebotomy and could consent to testing were tested for HIV, HBV and HCV using an opt-out approach.

Seizure care in the emergency department. Identifying and bridging the gaps. A study of care and outcomes from 644 seizure presentations.

Care for seizures in an emergency department setting can be variable, and there are disparities in access to onward specialist referral. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utilization and implementation of an evidence-based seizure care pathway in a busy urban tertiary referral center. A total of 644 seizure presentations over two time points were examined.

Moving evidence based guidelines for seizures into practice in the emergency department: What's stopping us?

Purpose: To identify barriers to implementation of an evidence based integrated care pathway (ICP) for seizure management in the Emergency Department (ED).

Methods: A site specific bespoke questionnaire was designed to solicit anonymous responses from all grades of ED medical and nursing staff to a series of questions regarding utility, feasibility, significance and implementation of a locally designed and championed ICP for seizure management and onward referral.

Results: While 95% of respondents agreed that the pathway ensured patients were treated according to best practice, a number of human factors were identified as barriers to use.

Long-term assessment of clinical response to adalimumab therapy in refractory ulcerative colitis.

Introduction: The role of antitumour necrosis factor agents, in particular infliximab in ulcerative colitis (UC) has been well established. More recently adalimumab, a fully humanized antitumour necrosis factor α monoclonal antibody, was licensed for refractory moderately active UC in 2012. Available outcome data for adalimumab from routine clinical practice is limited.

A Randomized Trial of Single-Dose Oral Dexamethasone Versus Multidose Prednisolone for Acute Exacerbations of Asthma in Children Who Attend the Emergency Department.

Study Objective: In acute exacerbations of asthma in children, corticosteroids reduce relapses, subsequent hospital admission, and the need for ß2-agonist bronchodilators. Prednisolone is the most commonly used corticosteroid, but prolonged treatment course, vomiting, and a bitter taste may reduce patient compliance. Dexamethasone has a longer half-life and has been used safely in other acute pediatric conditions.

Single dose oral dexamethasone versus multi-dose prednisolone in the treatment of acute exacerbations of asthma in children who attend the emergency department: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Asthma is a major cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality. In acute exacerbations of asthma, corticosteroids reduce relapses, subsequent hospital admission and the need for ß₂-agonist therapy. Prednisolone is relatively short-acting with a half-life of 12 to 36 hours, thereby requiring daily dosing.

Evaluation of a new needle catching instrument for suturing simple wounds in the Emergency Department.

Objectives: The Needlecatcher comprises a tissue forceps at one end, with a 'piston and barrel' system, which acts as a needle grasper, at the other end of the instrument. It minimizes exposure of the needle during suturing, potentially reducing risk of injury. We evaluate its effect on operator safety during simple wound closure.

Intracranial stab wound: a case report.

Objective: Intracranial stab wounds are relatively uncommon, as the adult skull usually provides an effective barrier to penetration. We present an interesting case of a penetrating intracranial stab wound with several important teaching points.

Clinical Presentation: A 44-year-old man presented to the emergency department with a 1.

A cadaveric study of complications associated with the subxiphoid and transthoracic approaches to emergency pericardiocentesis.

Objectives: The aim of this cadaveric study was to compare three commonly used approaches for emergency pericardiocentesis and to determine the safest approach.

Methods: Thirteen cadavers were injected at three sites with three different coloured dyes, one for each of the three different recommended approaches. The approaches used were (1) ATIP: anterior transthoracic in the fifth left intercostal space (Advanced Cardiac Life Support protocol), (2) SXP1: immediately subxiphoid and (3) SXP2: subxiphoid approach 1.