Ambient carbon monoxide correlates with mortality risk of hemodialysis patients: comparing results of control selection in the case-crossover designs.

Background: Growing evidence suggests that environmental air pollution adversely affects kidney health. To date, the association between carbon monoxide (CO) and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has not been examined.

Methods: Among 134,478 dialysis patients in the Korean ESRD cohort between 2001 and 2014, 8,130 deceased hemodialysis patients were enrolled, and data were analyzed using bidirectional, unidirectional, and time-stratified case-crossover design.

The impact of sunlight exposure on mortality of patients with end stage renal disease.

Recent data suggest that reduced sunlight exposure is associated with increased mortality in the general population. To date, the association between sunlight exposure and mortality in dialysis patients has not been examined. Among 134,478 dialysis patients in the Korean end-stage renal disease (ESRD) cohort from 2001 to 2014, 31,291 patients were enrolled from seven metropolitan cities, and data were analyzed using bi-directional case-crossover design.