Salubrinal Ameliorates Inflammation and Neovascularization via the Caspase 3/Enos Signaling in an Alkaline-Induced Rat Corneal Neovascularization Model.

Ocular alkaline burn is a clinical emergency that can cause permanent vision loss due to limbal stem cell deficiency and corneal neovascularization (CNV). Although the basic pathogenetic mechanisms are considered to be acute oxidative stress and corneal neovascularization triggered by inflammation, the underlying intracellular mechanisms have not been clearly elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress on inflammation and neovascularization, and the effect of the ER stress inhibitor salubrinal (SLB), as a novel treatment in a corneal alkaline burn model in rats.

Scedosporium apiospermium keratitis: a case report.

Background: Scedosporium apiospermum, an opportunistic and filamentous fungus, is a rarely seen ocular entity that is difficult to identify and heal. We report a challenging case of S. apiospermium keratitis and discuss the treatment modalities in light of previous studies.

The Possible Protective Effect of Boric Acid in an Alkaline-Induced Corneal Neovascularization Rat Model.

It is known that boric acid (BA) exerts it antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by activating the activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. This pathway has been reported to control antioxidant status in the eye. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible preventive effects of boric acid administration on oxidative damage and corneal neovascularization (CNV).

The effect of longstanding silicone oil on retina choroid and optic nerve in eyes with retinal detachment: an optical coherence tomography study.

Background: The study aims to evaluate peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL-T), central macular thickness (MT), choroidal thickness (CT), and thickness of each retinal layer after automatic segmentation in patients who underwent retinal detachment (RD) repair with longstanding silicone oil tamponade.

Methods: We enrolled 33 patients who underwent complicated primary rhegmatogenous RD surgery and followed up with a long-term silicone tamponade were included in this retrospective comparative (case-control) study. RNFL-T, CT, and thickness of each retinal layer after automatic segmentation analysis were measured after the longstanding silicone removal surgery.

Fourier analysis of corneal Scheimpflug imaging: clinical use in keratoconus.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical use of Fourier analysis of videokeratography data in the diagnosis and follow-up of keratoconus (KC).

Methods: We conducted a chart review of consecutive patients presented to our cornea clinic. A team of two experienced cornea specialists divided the patients into three groups: normal cornea, forme fruste KC (FFKC), and clinical KC.

Comparison of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and keratoconus patients on elevation maps.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the tomographic features of the cornea on elevation maps between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and keratoconus (KC) patients and to investigate the presence of susceptibility to ectatic corneal diseases in OSAS patients.

Design: This is a comparative cross-sectional case-control study.

Methods: This study included 84 eyes of 42 patients diagnosed with severe OSAS using polysomnography (apnea/hypopnea index > 30), 84 eyes of 56 patients diagnosed with keratoconus, and 84 eyes of 42 healthy subjects as control group and evaluated in three groups.

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Patients with Cone Dystrophy.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate macular perfusion using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with cone dystrophy and to determine the associations between the quantitative data of OCTA and functional parameters.

Methods: The data of 36 eyes of 18 patients with cone dystrophy and 38 eyes of 19 healthy controls were analyzed. The superficial and deep capillary plexus (SCP and DCP) vessel densities (VD) of the macula, the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and choriocapillary flow density values were obtained using OCTA.

Scheimpflug imaging of the anterior segment following simultaneous cross-linking with topography-guided custom ablation treatment for keratoconus.

Purpose: To report alterations in the anterior segment following accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking and topo-guided customized ablation treatment with the Nidek vision excimer laser system (Nidek Co., Ltd., Gamagori, Japan) in a single procedure.

A Case of Shield Ulcer Due to Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis.

Corneal shield ulcer is an uncommon but serious complication of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) that can threaten visual acuity. We present a 12-year-old case with a corneal shield ulcer on the superior part of the cornea in the right eye. We learned from his history that he was treated with topical cyclosporine A (CsA) and corneal debridement was performed for the same complaints six months ago.

Paralytic Strabismus in Turkish Children Examined at Three Tertiary Care Services: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: To assess the etiology and distribution of pediatric ocular motor nerve palsy manifesting as paralytic strabismus.

Methods: The authors retrospectively examined the medical files of patients younger than 18 years who were suspected to have strabismus between January 1999 and June 2012 in three Turkish clinics and followed up for at least 6 months. Patients with paralytic strabismus were stratified according to age, sex, affected cranial nerve, and etiology (congenital, traumatic, neoplastic, post-viral, vascular, undetermined, or other), and compared the proportions between groups.

The usability of lamellar scleral autograft in ocular perforation treatment.

Importance: Open globe injury is a frequent and preventable healthcare problem with an annual incidence of 3.5/100,000 worldwide. Management and treatment methods aim to ensure globe integrity.

Bilateral Traumatic Carotid-Cavernous Fistula in a Child: Corkscrew Eyelid Vessels as an Indicator of Severe Congestion.

An 11-year-old girl presented with bilateral traumatic caroticocavernous fistula associated with corkscrew eyelid vessels, which were considered indicators of severe congestive disease in this case. Coil embolization was performed; similar to other congestive findings such as proptosis, orbital bruit, increased intraocular pressure, congested scleral and retinal vessels, engorged eyelid vessels resolved immediately after coil embolization. This pediatric case is unique given the caroticocavernous fistula was bilateral and was associated with prominent dilatation of the eyelid vessels, named for the first time as corkscrew eyelid vessels.

Evaluation of Anterior Segment Parameters During Pregnancy.

Purpose: To evaluate the anterior segment changes of eye during pregnancy according to the trimesters and compare them with non-pregnant subjects.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study included 90 pregnant women (1.trimester: 30, 2.

Evaluation of static and dynamic Pupillometry changes in men using Silodosin for benign prostatic hypertrophy.

Background: Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome is a variant of the small pupil syndrome that has been observed during cataract surgery in some patients currently or previously treated with α1 adrenergic blockers. It is important for cataract surgeons to predict the probable complications preoperatively. Our study aims to evaluate the static and dynamic pupil characteristics of patients treated with silodosin-a selective α1 adrenergic blocker-for benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) and to compare these values with healthy subjects using an automatic quantitative pupillometry system.

An Alternative Approach for External Drainage of Suprachoroidal Hemorrhage: Active Aspiration with Butterfly Needle.

: To describe a novel surgical technique for external drainage of choroidal detachment/suprachoroidal hemorrhage with a butterfly needle.: This is a retrospective case series on six eyes with serous and/or hemorrhagic choroidal detachments due to previous intraocular surgery or perforating ocular trauma that underwent active external suprachoroidal fluid drainage procedure with butterfly needle. The primary outcome measures were perioperative controlled fluid discharge and presence of choroidal detachment at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months postoperatively.

Comparison of structural and functional tests in primary open angle glaucoma.

Purpose: To comparatively analyze the structural and functional tests used in the diagnosis and follow-up of glaucoma.

Methods: Eighty eyes of 40 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and 46 eyes of 23 healthy individuals were included in the study. Transient pattern electroretinography (PERG), steady-state PERG (ssPERG), computerized visual field (VF) screening, and examination of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular thickness on optical coherence tomography (OCT) were undertaken.

Bupivacaine injection for comitant horizontal strabismus: clinical and radiological results.

Purpose: To report the outcomes of bupivacaine injection for the treatment of comitant horizontal strabismus and evaluate clinical effectiveness and associated radiological changes.

Methods: This prospective observational clinical study was conducted on 10 patients with comitant horizontal strabismus of up to 40 prism diopters. Ophthalmologic examinations and three-dimensional orbital magnetic resonance imaging were performed pre and post-injection (at first, third, and 12th months).

No Relationship between Visual Field Damage and Choroidal Thickness in Eyes with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between visual field damage and choroidal thickness (ChT) in subjects with primary open-angle glaucoma.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 115 eyes of 58 glaucoma patients and 112 eyes of 56 healthy subjects were enrolled. ChT at the fovea, 0.

Canalicular laceration (cheese wiring) with a silicone tube after endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy: when to remove the tube?

To discuss the removal time of a nasolacrimal silicone tube stent by reporting three cases with canalicular laceration due to prolonged indwelling of the stent. This study involved three cases of nasolacrimal duct obstruction treated by endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy with silicone tube insertion. The mean indwelling time of the silicone tube was 9.

A novel model of retinopathy of prematurity in normobaric hyperoxic conditions.

Aim: To examine changes in retinal vasculature after treatment with different oxygen concentrations from common retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) models and to determine a novel and practical ROP model.

Methods: A sample of 14 newborn Sprague-Dawley rats was used. The study group (n=7) was exposed to 95% oxygen for 4h per day followed by normoxic laboratory conditions for 20h.

An unusual complication of blunt ocular trauma: a horseshoe-shaped macular tear with spontaneous closure.

A case of horseshoe-shaped macular tear after blunt trauma with the course of the tear and the relevant findings obtained by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) is described. A 21-year-old man who had suffered blunt trauma 5 days previously visited our clinic complaining of vision loss in his left eye. Ophthalmic examination and SD-OCT images revealed a horseshoe-shaped macular tear.