The Anti-proliferative Effect of a Novel Glutaminase Inhibitor IN-3 on Prostate Cancer Cells.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate anti-cancer potential of a novel glutaminase (GLS) inhibitor IN-3 in prostate cancer cells.

Methods: The cell viability upon IN-3 treatment was examined using crystal violet staining and IC values were calculated for cancer cell lines PC-3 and LNCaP and normal fibroblasts CCD1072sk. The expression levels of GLS isoforms were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction after IN-3 treatment.

Three candidate anticancer drugs were repositioned by integrative analysis of the transcriptomes of species with different regenerative abilities after injury.

Regeneration is a homeostatic process that involves the restoration of cells and body parts. Most of the molecular mechanisms and signalling pathways involved in wound healing, such as proliferation, have also been associated with cancer cell growth, suggesting that cancer is an over/unhealed wound. In this study, we examined differentially expressed genes in spinal cord samples from regenerative organisms (axolotl and zebrafish) and nonregenerative organisms (mouse and rat) compared to intact control spinal cord samples using publicly available transcriptomics data and bioinformatics analyses.

Investigation of the cytotoxic, anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic effects of Toluhydroquinone on Caco-2 cell line.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in the world. The treatment options for colorectal carcinoma generally consist of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The drug resistance to chemotherapy agents used in the current cancer treatment has brought about the finding of new drug molecules from some plant and aquatic species in the treatment approaches.

YAP1 Is Involved in Tumorigenic Properties of Prostate Cancer Cells.

The Yes Associated Protein 1 (YAP1) is a transcriptional cofactor negatively regulated by Hippo Pathway. The dysregulation of the pathway has been shown to have a role in tumorigenesis and metastasis in several cancers including prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, YAP1 expression was upregulated in the whole cell lysates and cytoplasmic/nuclear extracts of AR negative (PC3) compared to AR positive (LNCaP) prostate cancer cell lines and primary prostate epithelial cells (PrePEC).

Increased expression of YAP1 in prostate cancer correlates with extraprostatic extension.

Objective: Yes associated protein 1 (YAP1) is a member of the Hippo pathway, acting as a transcriptional coactivator. To elucidate the role of YAP1 and phosphorylated (p)YAP1 in prostate cancer (PCa) tumorigenesis, we investigated their expression in clinical samples of PCa and cell lines.

Methods: Fifty-four tumor, adjacent nontumor, and prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) tissues from patients with PCa after radical prostatectomy were selected from a retrospective cohort and studied using immunohistochemistry (IHC).

A hormone-dependent feedback-loop controls androgen receptor levels by limiting MID1, a novel translation enhancer and promoter of oncogenic signaling.

Background: High androgen receptor (AR) level in primary tumour predicts increased prostate cancer (PCa)-specific mortality. Furthermore, activations of the AR, PI3K, mTOR, NFκB and Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathways are involved in the fatal development of castration-resistant prostate cancer during androgen ablation therapy. MID1, a negative regulator of the tumor-suppressor PP2A, is known to promote PI3K, mTOR, NFκB and Hh signaling.

Metformin anti-tumor effect via disruption of the MID1 translational regulator complex and AR downregulation in prostate cancer cells.

Background: Metformin is an approved drug prescribed for diabetes. Its role as an anti-cancer agent has drawn significant attention because of its minimal side effects and low cost. However, its mechanism of anti-tumour action has not yet been fully clarified.