Publications by authors named "Umit Kara"

Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), marked with the most used Positron Emission Tomography (PET) radiopharmaceutical Fluorine-18 (F-18), is a glucose analog and is taken to living cells through membrane glucose carriers. F-18 FDG involvement in tissue is proportional to glucose use. In many cancers, there is increased glucose use due to increased gluten expression and hexokinase activity.

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Monte Carlo simulation method and Nuclear Medicine MIRD method were used to evaluate the effect of radiopharmaceuticals on Covid-19 disease. The mean absorbed organ dose in the target organ and gamma radiation emitter attenuation properties such as linear attenuation coefficients, energy absorption build-up factors (EABF), exposure build-up factors (EBF), and relative dose distributions (RDD) were examined. The results showed that radiopharmaceuticals containing gamma radiation emitters which are densely ionizing charged particles induced membrane damage and produced protein damage.

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This article explores the effectiveness of gamma rays attenuation of various N95 respirator samples by analysing several theoretical parameters such as the Effective Atomic Numbers (Z), Half Value Layer (HVL), Mean Free Path (MFP), Mass Attenuation Coefficients (MAC), Tenth Value Layer (TVL), Exposure Build Up Factors (EBF) and Energy Absorption Build Up Factors (EABF). For the selected N95 mask samples, the MAC values corresponding to the energy levels between 0.015 and 20 MeV are measured using the WinXCOM software and the MATLAB code.

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