Divergent evolution of genes in the genus : impacts of annuals and perennials' life history strategies.

Within the family , the genus is composed of two subgenera annuals (2n=40) and perennials. This life strategy transition may have differentially affected the evolution of various gene families. Its cultivated species has high level of susceptibility to major pathogens including viruses, bacteria and fungi.

Investigation of Resistance Genes in Genus Reveals Highly Variable NLRome in Parallel Domesticated Member Species.

is a unique genus that consist of multiple crop species that are domesticated in parallel fashion between 7-10 thousand years ago. Here we studied the evolution of nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat receptor (NLR) genes across five crop species of genus . In total identified 286, 350, 234, 250, 108 and 161 NLR genes were from , , , , and respectively.

Regulating CEO pay and green innovation: moderating role of social capital and government subsidy.

The Chinese government has implemented the policies to regulate executive (CEO) pay in state-owned enterprises (SOEs) with the aim of promoting wage equality. This study examines whether these policies affect the motivation of CEOs to engage in green innovation (GI). By analyzing data from Chinese listed SOEs between 2008 and 2017, the study reveals an unintended environmental consequence of regulating CEO pay.

ESG performance, capital financing decisions, and audit quality: empirical evidence from Chinese state-owned enterprises.

We study the nexus between environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance and corporate capital financing decisions. Further, we also analyze the effect of audit quality and type of ownership (state-owned enterprises (SOEs) vs non-state-owned enterprises (non-SOEs), local vs central SOEs in this relationship. By applying panel regression (fixed effects) on 6295 firm-year observations of Chinese A-listed enterprises data for 2010-2019, we conclude that firms' ESG information is crucial to their financing decisions.

Effect of Pilates based exercises on symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To determine the effects of Pilates exercises on pain, knee range of motion and functional disability in women with knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: The double-blind randomised controlled trial was conducted at the National Orthopaedic Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan, from April to September 2018, and comprised female patients with knee osteoarthritis. The subjects were selected and randomised into control group A receiving isometrics and intervention group B receiving Pilates exercises.

Frequency of cervical radiculopathy among patients with chronic cervical pain in Lahore, Pakistan.

Objective: To determine the frequency of cervical radiculopathy in cases of non-traumatic chronic neck pain.

Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2015 to February 2016 at the Department of Physiotherapy, Azra Naheed Medical College, Superior University, Lahore and comprised patients of either gender aged 20-50 years with chronic neck pain lasting more than 6 months. Data was collected using a 14-point self-administered questionnaire.

Use of Smart Phones and Social Media in Medical Education: Trends, Advantages, Challenges and Barriers.

Introduction: The technological advancements have transformed the society into a global forum influencing the educational processes and learning environments. Medical education is no exemption with an increasing trend to use the social media and smart phones for teaching and learning. Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram, YouTube and Edmodo are the platforms promoting collaborative learning, improved communication and knowledge sharing.

Genetic dissection of developmental responses of agro-morphological traits under different doses of nutrient fertilizers using high-density SNP markers.

The production and productivity of rice (Oryza sativa L.) are primarily influenced by the application of the critical nutrients nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). However, excessive application of these fertilizers is detrimental to the environment and increases the cost of production.

Self-Medication Phenomenon; A Population Based Study from Lahore.

Objective: To study the reasons of self-medication in rural and urban population..

Methods: The cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Lahore, Pakistan, from March to August 2017, and comprised inhabitants of rural and urban areas of the city regardless of gender and aged 18-50 years.

Molecular basis of arsenite (As⁺³)-induced acute cytotoxicity in human cervical epithelial carcinoma cells.

Background: Rapid industrialization is discharging toxic heavy metals into the environment, disturbing human health in many ways and causing various neurologic, cardiovascular, and dermatologic abnormalities and certain types of cancer. The presence of arsenic in drinking water from different urban and rural areas of the major cities of Pakistan, for example, Lahore, Faisalabad, and Kasur, was found to be beyond the permissible limit of 10 parts per billion set by the World Health Organization. Therefore the present study was initiated to examine the effects of arsenite (As(+3)) on DNA biosynthesis and cell death.