Improving nutritional status of children using artificial intelligence-based mobile application postsurgery: randomised controlled trial.

Background: Malnutrition is a common problem in children postsurgery especially in low-middle-income countries. Health-based mobile apps play an important role for better nutritional status.

Methods: This is a two-arm randomised controlled trial, which was conducted at a tertiary care hospital, Rawalpindi.

Effect of screen time on behavior of pre-schoolers in Islamabad.

Objective: Early years of childhood form the basis of intelligence, personality, social behaviour, and capacity to learn and nurture oneself as an adult. Our objective was to find out the effects of screen time on behavior of pre-schoolers, which could provide scientific grounds to the control of digital screen time.

Method: A cross sectional survey was conducted in four private preschools of Islamabad from June -November 2021.

Comparison of Critical Thinking among undergraduate medical students of Conventional and Integrated curricula in Twin Cities.

Objectives: To compare critical thinking of undergraduate medical students of institutes following traditional and integrated curriculum at Twin cities.

Methods: The current cross-sectional study was conducted in medical colleges of Twin Cities from February 2021 till August 2021. Two medical colleges one with conventional and other with integrated mode of curriculum were included.

Development of a protocol for conducting a randomized control trial on effects of artificial intelligence on nutritional status of children post cardiac surgery.

Objective: To assess the effect of diet-related mobile application based on artificial intelligence on the nutritional status of children post-cardiac surgery, and to compare their diet-related problems with their counterparts having the usual diet.

Methods: The two-arm double-blind randomised controlled trial will be conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, over an expected duration of 6 months from March to August 2021. Intervention group A will be given a diet-related mobile application based on artificial intelligence, while usual-care group B will be handed a pamphlet with instructions related to post-operative diet on discharge.

Efficacy and Safety of the RBD-Dimer-Based Covid-19 Vaccine ZF2001 in Adults.

Background: The ZF2001 vaccine, which contains a dimeric form of the receptor-binding domain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and aluminum hydroxide as an adjuvant, was shown to be safe, with an acceptable side-effect profile, and immunogenic in adults in phase 1 and 2 clinical trials.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial to investigate the efficacy and confirm the safety of ZF2001. The trial was performed at 31 clinical centers across Uzbekistan, Indonesia, Pakistan, and Ecuador; an additional center in China was included in the safety analysis only.

Endophthalmitis Postintravitreal Bevacizumab Injections: Incidence, Management, and Visual Outcome in Tertiary Care Center in Pakistan.

Purpose: The purpose is to study the incidence, characteristics, management, and visual outcome of endophthalmitis postintravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin®) injections.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study conducted at Fauji Foundation Hospital that is a tertiary care center in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The study duration was from January 1, 2015 to March 31, 2020.

Risk factors, causative organisms and sensitivity patterns of infective keratitis in a tertiary care hospital in Rawalpindi.

Objective: To determine the risk factors, causative organisms, sensitivity patterns and treatment outcomes of infective corneal ulcers.

Methods: The prospective cohort study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2019 at the Department of Ophthalmology, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, and comprised eyes of patients with corneal ulcer. Corneal scrapes were sent for microbiological assessment.

SLC4A11 mutations causative of congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED) progressing to Harboyan syndrome in consanguineous Pakistani families.

Background: Autosomal recessive corneal hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED) is a rare congenital disorder of cornea. Mutations in SLC4A11 gene are associated with CHED phenotype. CHED is also an early feature of Harboyan syndrome.

Measurement of Service Quality Gaps in Dental Services using SERVQUAL in Public Hospitals of Rawalpindi.

Objectives: To measure service quality gaps in dental services provided at public hospitals of the district, Rawalpindi.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in two of the public hospitals of the district, Rawalpindi from April to October 2019. Non-probability consecutive sampling was used to include a total number of 400 patients, equally divided between Rural health center (RHC) and Tehsil headquarter (THQ).

Topical Ocular Anesthetic Use among Welders of Rawalpindi City, Pakistan.

A descriptive cross-sectional survey was done from January to June 2018 in welding shops of Rawalpindi city, Pakistan. The objectives of the study were to determine the frequency of topical ocular anesthetic use among welders and to assess the knowledge and practices of welders regarding safety measures. One hundred and fifty-eight welders from age group of 20 years and above, having welding work experience of more than one year, were included in the study.

Health status of geriatrics in Gujrat, Pakistan.

Objective: To determine the overall health status of the elderly in an area Pakistan's Punjab province.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2016 in Tehsil Kharian of district Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan district, and comprised people aged 60 years or more who were enrolled through multistage random sampling. To measure the health status, and adapted and modified version of Short Form-36 health survey was used.

Role of topical antibiotics in prophylaxis against endophthalmitis following intravitreal antibiotics.

Objective: To compare the prophylactic use of antibiotic with placebo to prevent post intra-vitreal endophthalmitis and other complications.

Methods: A prospective, cohort study was conducted at Ophthalmology Department, Fauji Foundation Hospital (FFH), from June 2016 to July 2017. A total of 1082 eyes of 673 patients were enrolled in this study.

Co-morbid depression in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

It was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted to determine the frequency of depression and association with factors in type 2 diabetics in diabetic clinic of Fauji Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi from 1st January - 30th June 2014. In all 110 diabetic patients were selected using convenient Sampling. Data was collected by using a pre- tested structured proforma.

Huge Gastric and Ileal Trichobezoars Causing Small Bowel Obstruction.

The bezoar is the accumulation of undigestible food or fibre in the digestive tract, most commonly in stomach and proximal small bowel. Trichobezoar is an accumulation of hair. They may present as an independent mass in small bowel or with or without an extension into the small bowel.

Panoramic View Of Challenges And Opportunities For Primary Healthcare Systems In Pakistan.

Background: Pakistan has a broad system of primary health care facilities to achieve mission of "Health for all". Over the last seven years health expenditure by government of Pakistan has been increased to attain this goal. This study was conducted with the aim to assess all blocks of service readiness (basic equipment, basic amenities, laboratory capacity, standard precautions and essential medicines) in public-primary health care facilities of tehsil Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Effect of antenatal counselling on exclusive breastfeeding.

Background: The promotion and support of breastfeeding is a global priority. However, in reality most of the mothers are unable to practice exclusive breastfeeding. Most mothers discontinue breastfeeding because of lack of confidence in their ability to breastfeed, problem with infant suckling, breast pain, perception of insufficient milk, in addition to other unspecified difficulties.

Effect of maternal anaemia on birth weight.

Background: Anaemia is a common medical problem in pregnancy. The extent up to which, maternal anaemia effects maternal and neonatal health is still uncertain. Maternal anaemia is commonly considered a risk factor for low birth weight (LBW) babies.